1943
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| + | "In April 1943, members of the [[Belgian Resistance]] held up the [[Attack on the twentieth convoy|twentieth convoy]] train to [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]], and freed 231 people (115 of whom escaped the [[Holocaust]])." --Sholem Stein | ||
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| [[Image:A Child at Gunpoint of the Stroop Report.jpg |thumb|right|200px|''[[A Child at Gunpoint]]'' ([[1943]]) from the ''[[Stroop Report]]'']] | [[Image:A Child at Gunpoint of the Stroop Report.jpg |thumb|right|200px|''[[A Child at Gunpoint]]'' ([[1943]]) from the ''[[Stroop Report]]'']] | ||
| {{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
| + | '''1943''' (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1943rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 943rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 43rd year of the 20th century, and the 4th year of the [[1940s]] decade. | ||
| - | :[[1940]] - [[1941]] - [[1942]] - [[1943]] - [[1944]] - [[1945]] - [[1946]] - [[1947]] - [[1948]] - [[1949]] | ||
| == Art and culture == | == Art and culture == | ||
| + | *[[LSD]] discovered by [[Albert Hofmann]] (see [[History of lysergic acid diethylamide]]) | ||
| ===Art=== | ===Art=== | ||
| ====Visual art==== | ====Visual art==== | ||
| Line 15: | Line 21: | ||
| *''[[Inner Experience]]'' by Georges Bataille | *''[[Inner Experience]]'' by Georges Bataille | ||
| *''[[Meshes of the Afternoon]]'' by Maya Deren | *''[[Meshes of the Afternoon]]'' by Maya Deren | ||
| - | *''[[Laboratory Notes]]'' on [[LSD]] by [[Albert Hofmann]] published | ||
| ====Fiction==== | ====Fiction==== | ||
| *''[[Our Lady of the Flowers]]'' by Jean Genet | *''[[Our Lady of the Flowers]]'' by Jean Genet | ||
| + | *''[[Malpertuis]]'' by Jean Ray | ||
| + | |||
| ===Film=== | ===Film=== | ||
| - | *''[[Shadow of a Doubt]]'' by [[Hitchcock]] | + | *''[[Shadow of a Doubt]]'' by Hitchcock |
| - | *''[[Ossessione]]'' by [[Luchino Visconti]] | + | *''[[Ossessione]]'' by Luchino Visconti |
| - | *''[[I Walked with a Zombie]]'' by [[Jacques Tourneur]] | + | *''[[I Walked with a Zombie]]'' by Jacques Tourneur |
| - | *''[[La Main du diable]]'' by [[Maurice Tourneur]] | + | *''[[La Main du diable]]'' by Maurice Tourneur |
| - | *''[[Hangmen Also Die]]'' by [[Fritz Lang]] | + | *''[[Hangmen Also Die]]'' by Fritz Lang |
| - | *''[[The Seventh Victim]]'' by [[Mark Robson]] | + | *''[[The Seventh Victim]]'' by Mark Robson |
| - | *''[[The Outlaw]]'' by [[Howard Hughes]] and [[Howard Hawks]] (uncredited) | + | *''[[The Outlaw]]'' by Howard Hughes and Howard Hawks (uncredited) |
| + | |||
| + | ==Music== | ||
| + | *[[Let's Get Lost (song)|Let's Get Lost]] by Jimmy McHugh and lyrics by Frank Loesser | ||
| + | *"[[El Cumbanchero]]" by Rafael Hernández Marín | ||
| == Births == | == Births == | ||
| + | *[[January 9]] - [[Scott Walker (singer)|Scott Walker]], American singer (d. 2019) | ||
| + | *[[January 26]] - [[Thom Bell]], American composer (d. 2022) | ||
| + | *[[March 2]] – [[Peter Straub]], American author and poet (d. 2022) | ||
| *[[David Cronenberg]] | *[[David Cronenberg]] | ||
| *[[Robert Crumb]] | *[[Robert Crumb]] | ||
| Line 36: | Line 50: | ||
| *[[Bo Arne Vibenius]] | *[[Bo Arne Vibenius]] | ||
| *[[Catherine Deneuve]] | *[[Catherine Deneuve]] | ||
| - | ==Deaths == | + | |
| == Deaths == | == Deaths == | ||
| - | |||
| - | === January === | ||
| - | [[File:Tesla circa 1890.jpeg|thumb|right|150px|[[Nikola Tesla]]]] | ||
| - | * [[January 5]] – [[George Washington Carver]], African-American botanist (b. [[1864]]) | ||
| * [[January 7]] – [[Nikola Tesla]], born in Croatia American scientist (b. [[1856]]) | * [[January 7]] – [[Nikola Tesla]], born in Croatia American scientist (b. [[1856]]) | ||
| - | * [[January 8]] – [[Richard Hillary]], [[Battle of Britain]] [[Supermarine Spitfire|Spitfire]] pilot, author of ''[[The Last Enemy (autobiography)|The Last Enemy]]'' (b. [[1919]]) | ||
| - | * [[January 12]] – [[Jan Campert]], [[Dutch people|Dutch]] journalist and writer (in [[Neuengamme concentration camp]]) (b. [[1902]]) | ||
| - | * [[January 15]] – [[Eric Knight]], American author of ''[[Lassie]]'' | ||
| - | * [[January 21]] – [[Robert Henry English]], American admiral (b. [[1888]]) | ||
| - | * [[January 23]] – [[Alexander Woollcott]], American critic (b. [[1887]]) | ||
| - | |||
| - | === February === | ||
| - | [[Image:Hilbert.jpg|thumb|right|150px|[[David Hilbert]]]] | ||
| - | * [[February 4]] – [[Frank Calder]], the first [[NHL President]] (b. [[1877]]) | ||
| * [[February 5]] – [[W.S. Van Dyke]], American director (b. [[1889]]) | * [[February 5]] – [[W.S. Van Dyke]], American director (b. [[1889]]) | ||
| - | * [[February 11]] – [[Bess Houdini]], American wife of [[Harry Houdini]] | ||
| - | * [[February 14]] – [[David Hilbert]], German mathematician (b. [[1862]]) | ||
| - | * [[February 22]] | ||
| - | ** [[Christoph Probst]], German White Rose resistance member (executed) (b. [[1919]]) | ||
| - | ** [[Hans Scholl]], German White Rose resistance member (executed) (b. [[1918]]) | ||
| - | ** [[Sophie Scholl]], German White Rose resistance member (executed) (b. [[1921]]) | ||
| - | * [[February 26]] – [[Theodor Eicke]], German Nazi official (b. [[1892]]) | ||
| - | |||
| - | === March === | ||
| - | * [[March 10]] – [[Tully Marshall]], American actor (b. [[1864]]) | ||
| - | * [[March 19]] – [[Frank Nitti]], Italian-American gangster (suicide) (b. [[1888]]) | ||
| * [[March 28]] – [[Sergei Rachmaninoff]], Russian composer (b. [[1873]]) | * [[March 28]] – [[Sergei Rachmaninoff]], Russian composer (b. [[1873]]) | ||
| - | |||
| - | === April === | ||
| * [[April 3]] – [[Conrad Veidt]], German actor (b. [[1893]]) | * [[April 3]] – [[Conrad Veidt]], German actor (b. [[1893]]) | ||
| - | * [[April 7]] – [[Alexandre Millerand]], French president (b. [[1859]]) | + | * [[June 9]] – [[Jane Avril]], French can-can dancer (b. 1868) |
| - | * [[April 8]] | + | * [[June 12]] – [[Hanns Heinz Ewers]], German writer, actor, poet and philosopher (b. 1871) |
| - | ** [[Harry Baur]], French actor (b. [[1880]]) | + | * [[July 21]] - [[Louis Vauxcelles]], French art critic (b. 1870) |
| - | ** [[Richard Sears (tennis)|Richard Sears]], American tennis champion (b. [[1861]]) | + | |
| - | * [[April 9]] – [[Philip Slier]], Dutch Jewish typesetter (in [[Sobibor extermination camp]]) (b. [[1923]]) | + | |
| - | * [[April 18]] – [[Isoroku Yamamoto]], Japanese admiral (b. [[1884]]) | + | |
| - | * [[April 24]] – [[Kenneth Whiting]], United States Navy officer and submarine and naval aviation pioneer (b. [[1881]]) | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | === May === | + | |
| - | * [[May 7]] – [[Fethi Okyar]], ex prime minister of [[Turkey]] (b.[[1880]]) | + | |
| - | * [[May 17]] – [[Montague Love]], British actor (b. [[1877]]) | + | |
| - | * [[May 19]] – [[Kristjan Raud]], Estonian painter and drawer (b. [[1865]]) | + | |
| - | * [[May 20]] – [[John Stone Stone]], American physicist and inventor (b. [[1869]]) | + | |
| - | * [[May 22]] – [[Helen Taft]], Wife of President [[William Howard Taft]] (b. [[1861]]) | + | |
| - | * [[May 26]] – [[Edsel Ford]], American President of Ford Motor Company (b. [[1893]]) | + | |
| - | * [[May 31]] – [[Helmut Kapp]], German Gestapo official | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | === June === | + | |
| - | * [[June 1]] – [[Leslie Howard (actor)|Leslie Howard]], British actor (b. [[1893]]) | + | |
| - | * [[June 2]] – [[Nile Kinnick]], American athlete and [[Heisman Trophy]] winner (b. [[1918]]) | + | |
| - | * [[June 4]] – [[Kermit Roosevelt]], American explorer and author (b. [[1889]]) | + | |
| - | * [[June 26]] – [[Karl Landsteiner]], Austrian biologist and physician (b. [[1868]]) | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | === July === | + | |
| - | * [[July 4]] – [[Wladyslaw Sikorski]], Polish politician (b. [[1881]]) | + | |
| - | * [[July 8]] | + | |
| - | ** [[Jean Moulin]], French resistance fighter (b. [[1899]]) | + | |
| - | ** [[Sir Harry Oakes]], American-born English gold mine owner (murdered) (b. [[1874]]) | + | |
| - | * [[July 12]] – [[Cecilia Loftus]], stage actress (b. [[1876]]) | + | |
| - | * [[July 13]] – [[Luz Long]], German long jump athlete (b. [[1913]]) | + | |
| - | * [[July 21]] – [[Charlie Paddock]], American athlete (b. [[1900]]) | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | === August === | + | |
| * [[August 9]] – [[Chaim Soutine]], Russian painter (born [[1893]]) | * [[August 9]] – [[Chaim Soutine]], Russian painter (born [[1893]]) | ||
| - | * [[August 12]] – [[Bobby Peel]], English cricketer (b. [[1857]]) | ||
| - | * [[August 14]] – [[Joe Kelley]], American baseball player (b. [[1871]]) | ||
| - | * [[August 17]] – [[Hans Jeschonnek]], German general (b. [[1899]]) | ||
| - | * [[August 21]] – [[Henrik Pontoppidan]], Danish writer, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1857]]) | ||
| * [[August 24]] – [[Simone Weil]], French philosopher (b. [[1909]]) | * [[August 24]] – [[Simone Weil]], French philosopher (b. [[1909]]) | ||
| - | * [[August 26]] – [[Ted Ray (golfer)|Ted Ray]], British golfer (b. [[1877]]) | + | * [[September 23]] – [[Elinor Glyn]], British writer (b. [[1864]]) |
| - | * [[August 28]] – King [[Boris III of Bulgaria]] (b. [[1894]]) | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | === September === | + | |
| - | * [[September 1]] – [[Charles Atangana]], Cameroonian chief (b. ca. [[1880]]) | + | |
| - | * [[September 6]] – [[Reginald McKenna]], British [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]] 1915–1916 (b. [[1863]]) | + | |
| - | * [[September 8]] – [[Julius Fučík (journalist)|Julius Fučík]], Czech resistance fighter (executed) (b. [[1903]]) | + | |
| - | * [[September 9]] – [[Carlo Bergamini (admiral)|Carlo Bergamini]], Italian admiral (b. [[1888]]) | + | |
| - | * [[September 19]] – [[Germaine Cernay]], French mezzo soprano (b. [[1900]]) | + | |
| - | * [[September 23]] – [[Elinor Glyn]], British wrtier (b. [[1864]]) | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | + | ||
| - | === October === | + | |
| - | * [[October 5]] – [[Leon Roppolo]], American musician (b. [[1902]]) | + | |
| - | * [[October 9]] – [[Pieter Zeeman]], Dutch physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1865]]) | + | |
| * [[October 19]] – [[Camille Claudel]], French sculptor (b. [[1864]]) | * [[October 19]] – [[Camille Claudel]], French sculptor (b. [[1864]]) | ||
| - | * [[October 21]] – [[Dudley Pound]], British admiral (b. [[1877]]) | ||
| - | * [[October 23]] – [[Ben Bernie]], American jazz pianist (b. [[1891]]) | ||
| * [[October 30]] – [[Max Reinhardt]], Austrian director (b. [[1873]]) | * [[October 30]] – [[Max Reinhardt]], Austrian director (b. [[1873]]) | ||
| - | |||
| - | === November === | ||
| - | * [[November 7]] – [[Dwight Frye]], American actor (b. [[1899]]) | ||
| - | * [[November 22]] – [[Lorenz Hart]], American lyricist (b. [[1895]]) | ||
| - | * [[November 23]] – [[Charles Ray (actor)|Charles Ray]], American actor (b. [[1891]]) | ||
| - | * [[November 24]] | ||
| - | ** [[Doris Miller|Doris "Dorie" Miller]], American sailor, Pearl Harbor survivor (b. [[1919]]) | ||
| - | ** [[Henry M. Mullinnix]], American admiral (b. [[1892]]) | ||
| - | * [[November 26]] – [[Edward O'Hare|Edward "Butch" O'Hare]], American fighter pilot (b. [[1914]]) | ||
| - | |||
| - | === December === | ||
| - | * [[December 1]] – [[Damrong Rajanubhab]], Thai prince and historian (b. [[1862]]) | ||
| * [[December 9]] – [[Georges Dufrénoy]], French post-impressionnist painter (b. [[1870]]) | * [[December 9]] – [[Georges Dufrénoy]], French post-impressionnist painter (b. [[1870]]) | ||
| * [[December 14]] – [[John Harvey Kellogg]], American doctor (b. [[1852]]) | * [[December 14]] – [[John Harvey Kellogg]], American doctor (b. [[1852]]) | ||
| - | * [[December 15]] – [[Fats Waller]], African-American jazz pianist (''Ain't Misbehavin''') (b. [[1904]]) | + | * [[December 15]] – [[Fats Waller]], African-American jazz pianist (''[[Ain't Misbehavin]]''') (b. [[1904]]) |
| * [[December 22]] – [[Beatrix Potter]], British children's author and illustrator (''[[Peter Rabbit]]'' & ''[[The Tale of Jemima Puddle-duck|Jemima Puddle-duck]]'') (b. [[1866]]) | * [[December 22]] – [[Beatrix Potter]], British children's author and illustrator (''[[Peter Rabbit]]'' & ''[[The Tale of Jemima Puddle-duck|Jemima Puddle-duck]]'') (b. [[1866]]) | ||
| - | * [[December 25]] – [[William Irving (actor)|William Irving]], German-born American film actor (b. [[1893]]) | ||
| - | * [[December 26]] – [[Erich Bey]], German admiral (b. [[1898]]) | ||
| - | * [[December 30]] – [[Hobart Bosworth]], American film actor, director, writer, and producer (b. [[1867]]) | ||
| * [[December 27]] – [[Rupert Julian]], New Zealand-born film director (b. [[1879]]) | * [[December 27]] – [[Rupert Julian]], New Zealand-born film director (b. [[1879]]) | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Current revision
|
"In April 1943, members of the Belgian Resistance held up the twentieth convoy train to Auschwitz, and freed 231 people (115 of whom escaped the Holocaust)." --Sholem Stein |
|
Related e |
|
Featured: |
1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1943rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 943rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 43rd year of the 20th century, and the 4th year of the 1940s decade.
Contents |
[edit]
Art and culture
- LSD discovered by Albert Hofmann (see History of lysergic acid diethylamide)
[edit]
Art
[edit]
Visual art
- Broadway Boogie-Woogie by Mondrian
- Les Yeux du silence by Max Ernst begun
[edit]
Literature
[edit]
Non-Fiction
- Air and Dreams by Bachelard
- Being and Nothingness by Sartre
- Inner Experience by Georges Bataille
- Meshes of the Afternoon by Maya Deren
[edit]
Fiction
- Our Lady of the Flowers by Jean Genet
- Malpertuis by Jean Ray
[edit]
Film
- Shadow of a Doubt by Hitchcock
- Ossessione by Luchino Visconti
- I Walked with a Zombie by Jacques Tourneur
- La Main du diable by Maurice Tourneur
- Hangmen Also Die by Fritz Lang
- The Seventh Victim by Mark Robson
- The Outlaw by Howard Hughes and Howard Hawks (uncredited)
[edit]
Music
- Let's Get Lost by Jimmy McHugh and lyrics by Frank Loesser
- "El Cumbanchero" by Rafael Hernández Marín
[edit]
Births
- January 9 - Scott Walker, American singer (d. 2019)
- January 26 - Thom Bell, American composer (d. 2022)
- March 2 – Peter Straub, American author and poet (d. 2022)
- David Cronenberg
- Robert Crumb
- Sharon Tate
- Larry Clark
- Mary Woronov
- Soledad Miranda
- Bo Arne Vibenius
- Catherine Deneuve
[edit]
Deaths
- January 7 – Nikola Tesla, born in Croatia American scientist (b. 1856)
- February 5 – W.S. Van Dyke, American director (b. 1889)
- March 28 – Sergei Rachmaninoff, Russian composer (b. 1873)
- April 3 – Conrad Veidt, German actor (b. 1893)
- June 9 – Jane Avril, French can-can dancer (b. 1868)
- June 12 – Hanns Heinz Ewers, German writer, actor, poet and philosopher (b. 1871)
- July 21 - Louis Vauxcelles, French art critic (b. 1870)
- August 9 – Chaim Soutine, Russian painter (born 1893)
- August 24 – Simone Weil, French philosopher (b. 1909)
- September 23 – Elinor Glyn, British writer (b. 1864)
- October 19 – Camille Claudel, French sculptor (b. 1864)
- October 30 – Max Reinhardt, Austrian director (b. 1873)
- December 9 – Georges Dufrénoy, French post-impressionnist painter (b. 1870)
- December 14 – John Harvey Kellogg, American doctor (b. 1852)
- December 15 – Fats Waller, African-American jazz pianist (Ain't Misbehavin') (b. 1904)
- December 22 – Beatrix Potter, British children's author and illustrator (Peter Rabbit & Jemima Puddle-duck) (b. 1866)
- December 27 – Rupert Julian, New Zealand-born film director (b. 1879)
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "1943" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
