1900s
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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Events and trends
Technology
- Lawrence Hargrave makes the first stable wing design for a heavier-than-air aircraft
- Mass production of the automobile
- Wide popularity of home phonograph
- Panama Canal is built by the United States
- The Photostat machine begins modern era of document imaging
- Wright Brothers fly at Kitty Hawk, NC.
Science
- Planck's law of black body radiation
- Einstein's theory of special relativity
- Einstein explains Brownian motion and the photoelectric effect
Literature and art
- Pablo Picasso paints Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, considered by some to be the birth of modern art.
- Joseph Conrad publishes Heart of Darkness
- Thomas Mann publishes Buddenbrooks
- Cubism
- Fauvism
- Joseph Conrad publishes the novella Heart of Darkness in 1902, after the serial release in 1898
- Joseph Conrad publishes The Secret Agent in 1907
- Jack London publishes The Call of the Wild in 1903
- Serbian writers use the Belgrade literary style, an Ekavian writing form which set basis for the later standardization of the Serbian language
War, peace and politics
- The New Imperialism
- Demand for Home Rule for Ireland
- Second Boer War ends
- American proclamation of the end of the Philippine-American War
- British colonies in Australia federate, forming the Commonwealth of Australia
- Russo-Japanese War establishes the Empire of Japan as a world power
- The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the French Third Republic sign Entente Cordiale
- The Russian Revolution of 1905.
People
World leaders
- Prime Minister Edmund Barton (Australia)
- Prime Minister Alfred Deakin (Australia)
- Prime Minister Chris Watson (Australia)
- Prime Minister Sir George Reid (Australia)
- Prime Minister Andrew Fisher (Australia)
- Emperor Franz Josef (Austria-Hungary)
- Prime Minister Sir Wilfrid Laurier (Canada)
- Emperor Wilhelm II (Germany)
- King Victor Emmanuel III (Italy)
- George Nathaniel Curzon, Viceroy of India
- Pope Leo XIII
- Pope Pius X
- President Porfirio Díaz (Mexico)
- Emperor Nicholas II (Russia)
- King Alfonso XIII (Spain)
- Prime Minister Antonio Maura (Spain)
- Queen Victoria (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland)
- King Edward VII (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland)
- Prime Minister Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland)
- Prime Minister Arthur James Balfour (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland)
- Prime Minister Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland)
- President William McKinley (United States), 1896-1901
- President Theodore Roosevelt (United States), 1901-1909
- President William Howard Taft (United States), 1909-1913
- Shahs of Persia (Qajar dynasty)
- Mozzafar-al-Din Shah, 1896-1907
- Mohammad Ali Shah, 1907-1909
- Ahmad Shah Qajar, 1909-1925
Important personalities
- Eugen d'Albert
- Hugo Alfvén
- Egbert Van Alstyne
- Broncho Billy Anderson
- Fatty Arbuckle
- Kurt Atterberg
- Béla Bartók
- Nora Bayes
- Jagdish Chandra Bose
- Cathal Conroy
- Irving Berlin
- Francis Boggs
- Frank Bridge
- Alfred Bryan
- Vincent P. Bryan
- Ferruccio Busoni
- Enrico Caruso
- Gustave Charpentier
- Thurland Chattaway
- Francesco Cilea
- Will D. Cobb
- George M. Cohan
- Bob Cole
- Frederick Converse
- Henry Creamer
- Henry Walford Davies
- Peter Dawson
- Claude Debussy
- Frederick Delius
- Paul Dresser
- Antonín Dvořák
- Gus Edwards
- Edward Elgar
- August Enna
- Manuel de Falla
- Geraldine Farrar
- Fred Fisher
- Paul Le Flem
- Sigmund Freud
- Rudolf Friml
- Julius Fučík
- Amelita Galli-Curci
- Mary Garden
- Edward German
- Alexander Glazunov
- Emilio de Gogorza
- Percy Grainger
- Enrique Granados
- D. W. Griffith
- Guy d'Hardelot
- Hamilton Harty
- The Haydn Quartet
- Anna Held
- Victor Herbert
- Max Hoffmann
- Gustav Holst
- Abe Holzmann
- David Horsley
- Harry Houdini
- Mississippi John Hurt
- Jenö Huszka
- Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov
- Carrie Jacobs-Bond
- William Jerome
- J. Rosamond Johnson
- James Weldon Johnson
- Scott Joplin
- Gus Kahn
- Jerome Kern
- Rudyard Kipling
- Carl Laemmle
- Harry Lauder
- Leadbelly
- Franz Lehár
- Ruggiero Leoncavallo
- Paul Lincke
- Gustav Mahler
- Arthur Marshall
- Jules Massenet
- Nikolai Karlovich Medtner
- Nellie Melba
- Georges Méliès
- Kerry Mills
- Billy Murray
- Evelyn Nesbit
- Ethelbert Woodbridge Nevin
- Carl Nielsen
- Jack Norworth
- Vítězslav Novák
- Maude Nugent
- Sidney Olcott
- Charles Pathé
- Edwin S. Porter
- Giacomo Puccini
- Sergei Rachmaninoff
- Maurice Ravel
- Ottorino Respighi
- Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
- Landon Ronald
- Paul Sarebresole
- Arnold Schoenberg
- Jean Schwartz
- James Scott
- Alexander Scriabin
- William Selig
- Chris Smith
- Harry B. Smith
- Ethel Smyth
- John Philip Sousa
- George K. Spoor
- Charles Villiers Stanford
- Andrew B. Sterling
- Oscar Strauss
- Paul Rossevelte
- Harry Von Tilzer
- Tom Turpin
- Edgard Varèse
- Vesta Victoria
- Anton Webern
- Percy Wenrich
- Bert Williams
- Harry Williams
- Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari
- Amy Woodforde-Finden
- Israel Zangwill
- Charles A. Zimmerman
- Louis Daniel Armstrong
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