1948
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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{| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 85%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:30em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5" | {| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 85%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:30em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5" | ||
- | | style="text-align: left;" |"[[Popular culture|Pop culture]] - the [[folk culture]] of the modern market, the culture of the instant, at once subsuming past and future and refusing to acknowledge the reality of either - began about [[1948]], in the United States and Great Britain." --''[[Lipstick Traces|Lipstick Traces: A Secret History of the Twentieth Century]]'', p. 257. | + | | style="text-align: left;" | |
+ | "[[Popular culture|Pop culture]] - the [[folk culture]] of the modern market, the culture of the instant, at once subsuming past and future and refusing to acknowledge the reality of either - began about [[1948]], in the United States and Great Britain." --''[[Lipstick Traces|Lipstick Traces: A Secret History of the Twentieth Century]]'', p. 257. | ||
+ | <hr> | ||
+ | "In 1948, two widely read books were published that would inspire a "[[Malthusian catastrophe|neo-Malthusian]]" debate on population and the environment: Fairfield Osborn’s ''[[Our Plundered Planet]]'' and [[William Vogt]]’s ''[[Road to Survival]]''." --Sholem Stein | ||
+ | <hr> | ||
+ | The greatest thing you'll ever learn<br> | ||
+ | Is just to [[love]] and be loved in return<br> | ||
+ | --"[[Nature Boy]]" (1948) by eden ahbez | ||
|} | |} | ||
{{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
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== Art and culture == | == Art and culture == | ||
+ | *[[COBRA (avant-garde movement)]] coined | ||
*The [[United Nations General Assembly]] adopts the [[Universal Declaration of Human Rights]]. | *The [[United Nations General Assembly]] adopts the [[Universal Declaration of Human Rights]]. | ||
* [[Jack Kerouac]] introduces the term [[Beat Generation]] | * [[Jack Kerouac]] introduces the term [[Beat Generation]] | ||
Line 13: | Line 21: | ||
*''[[The City and the Pillar]]'' by Gore Vidal | *''[[The City and the Pillar]]'' by Gore Vidal | ||
*''[[The Great Tradition]]'' by F. R. Leavis | *''[[The Great Tradition]]'' by F. R. Leavis | ||
+ | *"[[The Lottery]]" by Shirley Jackson | ||
+ | *''[[No Longer Human]]'' by Osamu Dazai | ||
+ | |||
===Visual culture=== | ===Visual culture=== | ||
*''[[Noguchi Coffee Table]]'' | *''[[Noguchi Coffee Table]]'' | ||
*''[[Christina's World]]'' | *''[[Christina's World]]'' | ||
+ | *''[[La vie amoureuse des spumiferes]]'' by Hugnet | ||
+ | |||
===Music=== | ===Music=== | ||
* [[Étude aux chemins de fer]] by Pierre Schaeffer is recorded | * [[Étude aux chemins de fer]] by Pierre Schaeffer is recorded | ||
* [[Black Coffee (1948 song)|Black Coffee]] by written by Sonny Burke, the lyrics by Paul Francis Webster | * [[Black Coffee (1948 song)|Black Coffee]] by written by Sonny Burke, the lyrics by Paul Francis Webster | ||
+ | * [[Nature Boy]] by Nat King Cole | ||
== Births == | == Births == | ||
+ | * [[January 23]] – [[Anita Pointer]] ([[The Pointer Sisters]]) (d. 2022) | ||
+ | * [[February 1]] – [[Rick James]], American composer, singer and musician (d. [[2004]]) | ||
+ | * [[December 6]] – [[Linda Creed]], American singer-songwriter (d. 1986) | ||
*[[Tee Scott]] | *[[Tee Scott]] | ||
*[[Catherine Breillat]] | *[[Catherine Breillat]] | ||
Line 32: | Line 49: | ||
* [[Donald Fagen]], American rock keyboardist | * [[Donald Fagen]], American rock keyboardist | ||
* [[John Carpenter]], American film director, producer, screenwriter and composer | * [[John Carpenter]], American film director, producer, screenwriter and composer | ||
- | * [[Rick James]], American Motown performer (d. [[2004]]) | ||
* [[Alice Cooper]], American hard rock singer and musician | * [[Alice Cooper]], American hard rock singer and musician | ||
* [[Barbara Hershey]], American actress | * [[Barbara Hershey]], American actress | ||
- | * [[Kitten Natividad]], Mexican-American film actress | + | * [[Kitten Natividad]], Mexican-American film actress (d. 2022) |
- | * [[Pim Fortuyn]], Dutch politician and author (d. [[2002]]) | + | * [[Pim Fortuyn]], Dutch politician and author (d. 2002) |
* [[Mike Figgis]], American director, screenwriter and composer | * [[Mike Figgis]], American director, screenwriter and composer | ||
* [[Bernadette Peters]], American actress and singer | * [[Bernadette Peters]], American actress and singer | ||
Line 56: | Line 72: | ||
* [[John Martyn]], born Iain McGeachy, British folk-rock guitarist (d. [[2009]]) | * [[John Martyn]], born Iain McGeachy, British folk-rock guitarist (d. [[2009]]) | ||
* [[Jeremy Irons]], English actor | * [[Jeremy Irons]], English actor | ||
- | * [[Olivia Newton-John]], English-born Australian singer and actress | + | * [[Olivia Newton-John]], English-born Australian singer and actress (d. 2022) |
* [[Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan]], Pakistani musician (d. [[1997]]) | * [[Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan]], Pakistani musician (d. [[1997]]) | ||
* [[T. Coraghessan Boyle]], American writer | * [[T. Coraghessan Boyle]], American writer | ||
Line 64: | Line 80: | ||
* [[Joe Dallesandro]], American model and actor | * [[Joe Dallesandro]], American model and actor | ||
* [[Donna Summer]], African-American singer and actress (d. [[2012]]) | * [[Donna Summer]], African-American singer and actress (d. [[2012]]) | ||
+ | |||
==Deaths == | ==Deaths == | ||
* [[January 8]] – [[Kurt Schwitters]], German artist (b. [[1887]]) | * [[January 8]] – [[Kurt Schwitters]], German artist (b. [[1887]]) | ||
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* [[February 11]] – [[Sergei Eisenstein]], Soviet film director (b. [[1898]]) | * [[February 11]] – [[Sergei Eisenstein]], Soviet film director (b. [[1898]]) | ||
* [[March 4]] – [[Antonin Artaud]], French playwright, actor and director (b. [[1896]]) | * [[March 4]] – [[Antonin Artaud]], French playwright, actor and director (b. [[1896]]) | ||
+ | *[[June 16]] – [[Holbrook Jackson]], English journalist, writer, publisher and bibliophile (born [[1874]]) | ||
* [[July 21]] – [[Arshile Gorky]], Soviet-born painter (b. [[1904]]) | * [[July 21]] – [[Arshile Gorky]], Soviet-born painter (b. [[1904]]) | ||
* [[July 23]] – [[D. W. Griffith]], American film director (''The Birth Of A Nation'') (b. [[1875]]) | * [[July 23]] – [[D. W. Griffith]], American film director (''The Birth Of A Nation'') (b. [[1875]]) | ||
- | + | *[[August 10]] - [[Montague Summers]], English writer (d. [[1880]]) | |
- | ==Deaths== | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===January=== | + | |
- | [[File:Giaccardo.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Giuseppe Giaccardo]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Prince Aimone of Savoy - restored.jpg|thumb|100px|King [[Tomislav II of Croatia]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:MKGandhi.jpg|thumb|right|100px|[[Mohandas Gandhi]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Orville Wright 1905-crop.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Orville Wright]]]] | + | |
- | * [[January 1]] – [[Edna May]], American actress (b. [[1878]]) | + | |
- | * [[January 2]] – [[Vicente Huidobro]], Chilean poet (b. [[1893]]) | + | |
- | * [[January 4]] – [[Anna Kallina]], Austrian actress (b. [[1874]]) | + | |
- | * [[January 5]] – [[Mary Dimmick Harrison]], wife of President [[Benjamin Harrison]] (b. [[1858]]) | + | |
- | * [[January 7]] | + | |
- | ** [[Charles C. Wilson (actor)|Charles C. Wilson]], American actor (b. [[1894]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Maria de Maeztu Whitney]], Spanish educator and feminist (b. [[1882]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Edward Stanley Kellogg]], 16th [[Governor of American Samoa]] (b. [[1870]]) | + | |
- | * [[January 12]] – [[Herbert Allen Farmer]], American criminal (b. [[1891]]) | + | |
- | * [[January 19]] – [[Tony Garnier (architect)|Tony Garnier]], French architect (b. [[1869]]) | + | |
- | * [[January 21]] | + | |
- | ** [[Eliza Moore]], last person born into slavery in the United States (b. [[1843]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari]], Italian composer (b. [[1876]]) | + | |
- | * [[January 24]] | + | |
- | ** [[Bill Cody (actor)|Bill Cody]], American actor (b. [[1891]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Giuseppe Giaccardo]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] priest and blessed (b. [[1896]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Maria Mandl]], Austrian criminal (b. [[1912]]) | + | |
- | * [[January 26]] – [[Georg Bruchmüller]], influential German artillery officer (b. [[1863]]) | + | |
- | * [[January 28]] – [[Anna Maria Gove]], American physician (b. [[1867]]) | + | |
- | * [[January 29]] – King [[Tomislav II of Croatia]] (b. 1900) | + | |
- | * [[January 30]] | + | |
- | ** [[Nigel De Brulier]], British actor (b. [[1877]]) | + | |
- | **[[Arthur Coningham (RAF officer)|Sir Arthur Coningham]], British air force air marshal (disappeared) (b. [[1895]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Mahatma Gandhi]], Leader of Indian independence movement, (assassinated) (b. [[1869]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Herb Pennock]], American baseball player ([[New York Yankees]]) and a member of the [[MLB Hall of Fame]] (b. [[1894]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Orville Wright]], American co-inventor of the airplane (b. [[1871]]) | + | |
- | * [[January 31]] – [[John T. Daniels]], American Coast Guardsman, took the [[Wright brothers]] first flight photograph (b. [[1873]]) | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===February=== | + | |
- | [[File:Laura Wheeler Waring.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Laura Wheeler Waring]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Karl Valentin by Eugen Rosenfeld (1870 - 1940).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Karl Valentin]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Sergei Eisenstein 03.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Sergei Eisenstein]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Никодим (Мунтяну).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Patriarch Nicodim of Romania]]]] | + | |
- | * [[February 1]] – [[Jatindramohan Bagchi]], Indian (Bengali) poet (b. [[1878]]) | + | |
- | * [[February 2]] – [[Bevil Rudd]], South African athlete (b. [[1894]]) | + | |
- | * [[February 3]] – [[Laura Wheeler Waring]], African-American painter, known for [[Harlem Renaissance]] portraits (b. [[1887]]) | + | |
- | * [[February 4]] – [[Otto Praeger]], American postal official who implemented U.S. Airmail (b. [[1871]]) | + | |
- | * [[February 8]] – [[Samuel P. Bush]], American businessman and industrialist (b. [[1863]]) | + | |
- | * [[February 9]] | + | |
- | ** [[Burns Mantle]], American theatre critic (b. [[1873]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Karl Valentin]], German actor (b. [[1882]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Isaac Isaacs]], 9th [[Governor-General of Australia]] (b. [[1855]]) | + | |
- | * [[February 12]] – [[Theodor Caspari]], Norwegian poet, novelist, writer, literary critic and teacher (b. [[1853]]) | + | |
- | * [[February 14]] – [[Mordecai Brown]], American baseball player ([[Chicago Cubs]]) and a member of the [[MLB Hall of Fame]] (b. [[1876]]) | + | |
- | * [[February 15]] – [[Subhadra Kumari Chauhan]], Indian poet (b. [[1904]]) | + | |
- | * [[February 17]] – [[Enrique Finochietto]], Argentine academic, physician and inventor (b. [[1881]]) | + | |
- | * [[February 18]] – [[Renato Balestrero]], Italian racecar driver (b. [[1898]]) | + | |
- | * [[February 23]] – [[John Robert Gregg]], Irish-born inventor of shorthand (b. [[1866]]) | + | |
- | * [[February 25]] | + | |
- | ** [[Alfredo Baldomir]], Uruguayan politician, soldier and architect, 27th [[President of Uruguay]], leader of [[World War II]] (b. [[1884]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Alexander du Toit]], South African geologist (b. [[1878]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Felix Krueger]], German psychologist (b. [[1874]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Juan Esteban Montero]], Chilean political figure and 20th [[President of Chile]] (b. [[1879]]) | + | |
- | * [[February 27]] | + | |
- | ** [[Charles Gifford (astronomer)|Charles Gifford]], New Zealand astronomer, explorer and teacher (b. [[1861]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Patriarch Nicodim of Romania]] (b. [[1864]]) | + | |
- | * [[February 28]] – [[Camila Quiroga]], Argentine actress (b. [[1891]]) | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===March=== | + | |
- | [[File:Donpierofolli.JPG|thumb|110px|right|Blessed [[Piero Folli]]]] | + | |
- | * [[March 1]] – [[Gabriel Brunet de Sairigné]], French general (b. [[1913]]) | + | |
- | * [[March 6]] – [[Ross Lockridge, Jr.]], American novelist (suicide) (b. [[1914]]) | + | |
- | * [[March 8]] – [[Piero Folli]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] priest and blessed (b. [[1881]]) | + | |
- | * [[March 10]] | + | |
- | ** [[Zelda Fitzgerald]], American wife of [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]] (b. [[1900]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Jan Masaryk]], Foreign Minister of Czechoslovakia (b. [[1886]]) | + | |
- | * [[March 14]] | + | |
- | ** [[Giuseppina Catanea]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] religious professed and blessed (b. [[1894]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Senge Motomaro]], Japanese poet (b. [[1888]]) | + | |
- | * [[March 17]] – [[Paul Dupuy]], French historian and biographer (b. [[1856]]) | + | |
- | * [[March 23]] – [[Kōzō Satō]], Japanese admiral (b. [[1871]]) | + | |
- | * [[March 24]] | + | |
- | ** [[Nikolai Berdyaev]], Soviet religious leader and political philosopher (b. [[1874]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Giovanni Cuomo]], Italian politician, lawyer and teacher (b. [[1874]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Paolo Thaon di Revel]], former admiral of the Royal Italian Navy (b. [[1859]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Sabbas of Kalymnos]], Greek [[Orthodox priest]] and saint (b. [[1862]]) | + | |
- | * [[March 30]] – [[Giovanni Ceirano]], Italian industrialist and automotive pioneer (b. [[1865]]) | + | |
- | * [[March 31]] – [[Egon Erwin Kisch]], Austrian journalist and author (b. [[1885]]) | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===April=== | + | |
- | [[File:Manuel A Roxas.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Manuel Roxas]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Kantaro Suzuki suit.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Kantaro Suzuki]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Mitsumasa Yonai smiling.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Mitsumasa Yonai]]]] | + | |
- | * [[April 2]] | + | |
- | ** [[Biagio Biagetti]], Italian painter (b. [[1877]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Baba Sawan Singh]], Indian saint known as "The Great Master" (b. [[1858]]) | + | |
- | * [[April 5]] – [[Angelo Joseph Rossi]], American political figure and [[Mayor of San Francisco]] (b. [[1878]]) | + | |
- | * [[April 7]] – [[Isabel Andreu de Aguilar]], Puerto Rican writer, educator, philanthropist and activist (b. [[1887]]) | + | |
- | * [[April 8]] – [[Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni]], Palestinian Arab nationalist (b. [[1907]]) | + | |
- | * [[April 9]] | + | |
- | ** [[George Carpenter (Salvation Army)|George Carpenter]], 5th General of [[The Salvation Army]] (b. [[1872]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Jorge Eliécer Gaitán]], Colombian politician (assassinated) (b. [[1903]]) | + | |
- | * [[April 15]] – [[Manuel Roxas]], Filipino statesman, 5th [[President of the Philippines]] (b. [[1892]]) | + | |
- | * [[April 17]] – [[Kantarō Suzuki]], Japanese admiral, 42nd [[Prime Minister of Japan]] (b. [[1868]]) | + | |
- | * [[April 19]] – [[Mikhail Rostovtsev (actor)|Mikhail Rostovtsev]], Soviet actor (b. [[1872]]) | + | |
- | * [[April 20]] – [[Mitsumasa Yonai]], Japanese admiral and politician, 37th [[Prime Minister of Japan]] (b. [[1880]]) | + | |
- | * [[April 21]] – [[Carlos López Buchardo]], Argentine composer (b. [[1881]]) | + | |
- | * [[April 22]] – [[Prosper Montagné]], French chef and author (b. [[1865]]) | + | |
- | * [[April 23]] – [[Prince Albrecht of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg]] (b. [[1863]]) | + | |
- | * [[April 24]] – [[Manuel Ponce]], Mexican composer (b. [[1882]]) | + | |
- | * [[April 25]] – [[Gerardo Matos Rodriguez]], Uruguayan composer, journalist and pianist (b. [[1897]]) | + | |
- | * [[April 30]] – [[Alfredo Miguel Aguayo Sánchez]], Puerto Rican educator and writer (b. [[1866]]) | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===May=== | + | |
- | [[File:Lady Hartington.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of Hartington]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Dame May Whitty.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Dame May Whitty]]]] | + | |
- | * [[May 2]] – [[Ángel Maria Herrera]], Panamanian educator (b. [[1859]]) | + | |
- | * [[May 3]] – [[Ernst Tandefelt]], Finnish nobleman, assassin of Minister Ritavuori (b. [[1876]]) | + | |
- | * [[May 9]] | + | |
- | ** [[Viola Allen]], American actress (b. [[1867]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Frank Leigh]], British actor (b. [[1876]]) | + | |
- | * [[May 13]] | + | |
- | ** [[Milan Begović]], Yugoslavian writer (b. [[1876]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of Hartington]] (b. [[1920]]) | + | |
- | * [[May 15]] | + | |
- | ** [[André Dauchez]], French painter (b. [[1870]]) | + | |
- | ** Father [[Edward J. Flanagan]], Irish-born American [[Roman Catholic]] priest, founder of Boys Town and monsignor (b. [[1886]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Toyoaki Horiuchi]], Japanese general, Class B war criminal suspect (executed) (b. [[1900]]) | + | |
- | * [[May 16]] – [[Muhammad Habibullah]], Indian politician (b. [[1869]]) | + | |
- | * [[May 18]] – [[Francisco Alonso]], Spanish composer (b. [[1887]]) | + | |
- | * [[May 19]] – [[Maximilian Lenz]], Austrian painter and sculptor (b. [[1860]]) | + | |
- | * [[May 21]] – [[Jacques Feyder]], French filmmaker (b. [[1885]]) | + | |
- | * [[May 22]] – [[Claude McKay]], Jamaican-born American writer and poet (b. [[1889]]) | + | |
- | * [[May 26]] – [[Émile Gaston Chassinat]], French egyptologist (b. [[1868]]) | + | |
- | * [[May 28]] – [[Unity Mitford]], British socialite; friend of [[Adolf Hitler]] (b. [[1914]]) | + | |
- | * [[May 29]] – Dame [[May Whitty]], British actress (b. [[1865]]) | + | |
- | * [[May 30]] – [[József Klekl (politician)|József Klekl]], [[Slovenes|Slovene]] politician in Hungary (b. [[1874]]) | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===June=== | + | |
- | [[File:Nasib-bitar-1.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Nasib al-Bitar]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:PrensSabahattin.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Prince Sabahaddin]]]] | + | |
- | * [[June 1]] – [[José Vianna da Motta]], Portuguese pianist, teacher and composer (b. [[1868]]) | + | |
- | * [[June 2]] – [[Viktor Brack]], German doctor (b. [[1904]]), executed by hanging for warcrimes | + | |
- | ** [[Karl Brandt]], German S.S. officer (b. [[1904]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Rudolf Brandt]], German S.S. officer (b. [[1909]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Karl Gebhardt]], German S.S. officer (b. [[1897]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Waldemar Hoven]], German S.S. officer (b. [[1903]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Joachim Mrugowsky]], German S.S. officer (b. [[1905]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Wolfram Sievers]], German S.S. officer (b. [[1905]]) | + | |
- | * [[June 6]] – [[Auguste and Louis Lumière|Louis Lumière]], French film pioneer (b. [[1864]]) | + | |
- | * [[June 8]] – [[Giacomo Albanese]], Italian mathematician (b. [[1890]]) | + | |
- | * [[June 13]] – [[Osamu Dazai]], Japanese writer (b. [[1909]]) | + | |
- | * [[June 16]] – [[Eugênia Álvaro Moreyra]], Brazilian journalist, actress and director (b. [[1898]]) | + | |
- | * [[June 25]] | + | |
- | ** [[Bento de Jesus Caraça]], Portuguese mathematician, economist, statistician (b. [[1901]]) | + | |
- | ** [[William C. Lee]], American general (b. [[1895]]) | + | |
- | * [[June 26]] | + | |
- | ** [[Nasib al-Bitar]], Palestine jurist (b. [[1890]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Lilian Velez]], Filipino actress (murder) (b. [[1924]]) | + | |
- | * [[June 30]] – [[Prince Sabahaddin]] (b. [[1879]]) | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===July=== | + | |
- | [[File:Albert Bates mugshot 1934.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Albert Bates]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Charles Fillmore (Unity Church).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Charles Fillmore (Unity Church)|Charles Fillmore]]]] | + | |
- | * [[July 1]] – [[Assunta Marchetti]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] religious professed and blessed | + | |
- | * [[July 4]] | + | |
- | ** [[Albert Bates (criminal)|Albert Bates]], American criminal (b. [[1893]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Monteiro Lobato]], Brazilian writer (b. [[1882]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 5]] | + | |
- | ** [[Georges Bernanos]], French writer (b. [[1888]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Charles Fillmore (Unity Church)|Charles Fillmore]], American [[Protestant]] mystic (b. [[1854]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Carole Landis]], American actress player (b. [[1919]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 9]] | + | |
- | ** [[James Baskett]], American actor (Uncle Remus in Disney's [[Song of the South]]) (b. [[1904]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Alcibiades Diamandi]], Greek political figure (b. [[1893]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 11]] | + | |
- | ** [[King Baggot]], American actor (b. [[1879]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Franz Weidenreich]], German anatomist and physical anthropologist (b. [[1873]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 14]] | + | |
- | ** [[Harry Brearley]], British inventor of stainless steel (b. [[1871]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Marguerite Moreno]], French actress (b. [[1871]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 15]] – [[John J. Pershing]], American general (b. [[1860]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 17]] – [[Ildebrando Zacchini]], Maltese painter, inventor and traveller (b. [[1868]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 18]] | + | |
- | ** [[May Moss]], Australian women's rights activist (b. [[1869]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Baldassarre Negroni]], Italian director and screenwriter (b. [[1877]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 21]] – [[Arshile Gorky]], Soviet-born painter (b. [[1904]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 22]] – [[Sud Mennucci]], Brazilian journalist and educator (b. [[1882]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 23]] – [[D. W. Griffith]], American film director (''The Birth Of A Nation'') (b. [[1875]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 24]] – [[Pencho Zlatev]], Bulgarian general, 25th [[Prime Minister of Bulgaria]] (b. [[1881]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 26]] – [[Antonin Sertillanges]], French Catholic philosopher and spiritual writer (b. [[1863]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 27]] – [[Joe Tinker]], American baseball player ([[Chicago Cubs]]) and a member of the [[MLB Hall of Fame]] (b. [[1880]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 28]] – [[Susan Glaspell]], American playwright (b. [[1882]]) | + | |
- | * [[July 31]] – [[Lucy Mercer Rutherfurd]], mistress of President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]] (b. [[1891]]) | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===August=== | + | |
- | [[File:Babe Ruth Red Sox 1918.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Babe Ruth]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Mrs. John Nance Garner.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Mariette Rheiner Garner]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Michael Michailovich Tarkhanov.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Mikhail Tarkhanov (actor)|Mikhail Tarkhanov]]]] | + | |
- | * [[August 3]] – [[Tommy Ryan]], American boxing champion (b. [[1870]]) | + | |
- | * [[August 7]] – [[Charles Bryant (actor)|Charles Bryant]], American actor (b. 1879) | + | |
- | * [[August 10]] | + | |
- | ** [[Kan'ichi Asakawa]], Japanese historian (b. [[1873]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Andrew Brown (soccer)|Andrew Brown]], Scottish soccer coach (b. [[1870]]) | + | |
- | * [[August 13]] – [[Edwin Maxwell (actor)|Edwin Maxwell]], Irish actor (b. [[1886]]) | + | |
- | * [[August 16]] – [[Babe Ruth]], American baseball player ([[New York Yankees]]) and a member of the [[MLB Hall of Fame]] (b. [[1895]]) | + | |
- | * [[August 17]] – [[Mariette Rheiner Garner]], Second Lady of the United States (b. [[1869]]) | + | |
- | * [[August 18]] – [[Mikhail Tarkhanov (actor)|Mikhail Tarkhanov]], Soviet actor (b. [[1877]]) | + | |
- | * [[August 26]] – [[George Anderson (actor)|George Anderson]], American actor (b. [[1886]]) | + | |
- | * [[August 27]] | + | |
- | ** [[Cissie Cahalan]], Irish trade union, feminist and suffragette (b. [[1876]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Charles Evans Hughes]], 11th [[Chief Justice of the United States]] (b. [[1862]]) | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===September=== | + | |
- | [[File:Edvard Bene%C5%A1.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Edvard Benes]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Zar Ferdinand Bulgarien.jpg|thumb|100px|Tsar [[Ferdinand I of Bulgaria]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Cardinal Rossi.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Raffaele Rossi]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Prince Adalbert of Prussia (1884%E2%80%931948).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Prince Adalbert of Prussia (1884–1948)|Prince Adalbert of Prussia]]]] | + | |
- | * [[September 1]] – [[Muhammad VII al-Munsif]], ruler of Tunisia 1942–43 (b. [[1881]]) | + | |
- | * [[September 2]] – [[Sylvanus Morley|Sylvanus G. Morley]], American scholar and World War I spy (b. [[1883]]) | + | |
- | * [[September 3]] – [[Edvard Beneš]], Czechoslovakian politician, 4th [[Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia]] and 2-time [[President of Czechoslovakia]] (b. [[1884]]) | + | |
- | * [[September 5]] – [[Richard C. Tolman]], American mathematical physicist (b. [[1881]]) | + | |
- | * [[September 7]] – [[André Suarès]], French poet and critic (b. [[1868]]) | + | |
- | * [[September 10]] – [[Ferdinand I of Bulgaria]], [[Tsar of Bulgaria]] (b. [[1861]]) | + | |
- | * [[September 11]] – Quaid-e-Azam [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], founder and first Governor General of [[Pakistan]] (b. [[1876]]) | + | |
- | * [[September 12]] | + | |
- | ** [[Rupert D'Oyly Carte]], British hotelier, theatre owner and impresario (b. [[1876]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Carlo Servolini]], Italian artist (b. [[1876]]) | + | |
* [[September 13]] – [[Paul Wegener]], German actor, film director, and screenwriter; one of the pioneers of [[German Expressionism]] (b. [[1874]]) | * [[September 13]] – [[Paul Wegener]], German actor, film director, and screenwriter; one of the pioneers of [[German Expressionism]] (b. [[1874]]) | ||
- | * [[September 17]] | + | * [[October 24]] – [[Franz Lehár]], Hungarian composer (b. [[1870]]) |
- | ** [[Ruth Benedict]], American anthropologist and folklorist (b. [[1887]]) | + | * [[December 3]] – [[Chano Pozo]], Cuban percussionist (b. [[1915]]) |
- | ** [[Folke Bernadotte]], Swedish diplomat (assassinated) (b. [[1895]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Emil Ludwig]], German-born Swiss historian and biographer (b. [[1881]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Raffaele Rossi]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] cardinal, eminence and servant of God (b. [[1876]]) | + | |
- | * [[September 20]] – [[Husain Salaahuddin]], Famous Mahl writer (b. [[1881]]) | + | |
- | * [[September 22]] – [[Prince Adalbert of Prussia (1884–1948)|Prince Adalbert of Prussia]] (b. [[1884]]) | + | |
- | * [[September 24]] – [[Warren William]], American actor (b. [[1894]]) | + | |
- | * [[September 26]] – [[Gregg Toland]], American cinematographer (b. [[1904]]) | + | |
- | * [[September 27]] – [[Frank Cellier (actor)|Frank Cellier]], British actor (b. [[1884]]) | + | |
- | * [[September 30]] | + | |
- | ** [[Vasily Kachalov]], Soviet actor (b. [[1875]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Edith Roosevelt]], [[First Lady of the United States]] (b. [[1861]]) | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===October=== | + | |
- | [[File:Bain News Service - Franz Lehár.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Franz Lehár]]]] | + | |
- | * [[October 1]] – [[Phraya Manopakorn Nititada]], 1st [[Prime Minister of Siam]] (b. [[1884]]) | + | |
- | * [[October 2]] – [[Mary Ryan (actress; 1885-1948)|Mary Ryan]], American actress (b. [[1885]]) | + | |
- | * [[October 4]] – [[Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah]], Pakistani politician (b. [[1879]]) | + | |
- | * [[October 5]] – [[Umberto Coromaldi]], Italian painter (b. [[1870]]) | + | |
- | * [[October 10]] – [[Saif Ali Janjua]], Pakistani commander (b. [[1922]]) | + | |
- | * [[October 12]] | + | |
- | ** [[Susan Sutherland Isaacs]], British educational psychologist and psychoanalyst (b. [[1885]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Albert Power (priest)|Albert Power]], Australian [[Roman Catholic]] and [[Jesuit]] priest and reverend (b. [[1870]]) | + | |
- | * [[October 13]] – [[Samuel S. Hinds]], American actor (b. [[1875]]) | + | |
- | * [[October 14]] – [[Dale Fuller (actress)|Dale Fuller]], American actress (b. [[1885]]) | + | |
- | * [[October 15]] – [[Edythe Chapman]], American actress (b. [[1863]]) | + | |
- | * [[October 16]] – [[Maria Olga de Moraes Sarmento da Silveira]], Portuguese feminist and writer (b. [[1881]]) | + | |
- | * [[October 18]] – [[Walther von Brauchitsch]], German field marshal (b. [[1881]]) | + | |
- | * [[October 19]] – [[Mehmet Suphi Kula]], Turkish general (b. [[1881]]) | + | |
- | * [[October 21]] – [[Elissa Landi]], Italian actress (b. [[1904]]) | + | |
- | * [[October 22]] | + | |
- | ** [[Guillaume de Jerphanion]], French [[Jesuit]], epigrapher, geographer, photographer, linguist and archaeologist (b. [[1877]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Alexander Piorkowski]], German SS officer (b. [[1904]]) | + | |
- | ** [[William Royland]], British baronet | + | |
- | * [[October 24]] | + | |
- | ** [[Franz Lehár]], Hungarian composer (b. [[1870]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Peter Murdoch]], Australian politician (b. [[1865]]) | + | |
- | * [[October 31]] – [[Mary Nolan]], American actress (b. [[1905]]) | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===November=== | + | |
- | [[File:Peterferdinand%C3%B6sterrtosk.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Archduke Peter Ferdinand of Austria]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:B%C3%A9la Mikl%C3%B3s de D%C3%A1lnok 1942.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Bela Miklos]]]] | + | |
- | * [[November 4]] | + | |
- | ** [[Albert Stanley, 1st Baron Ashfield]], British-born American businessman (b. [[1874]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Filippo Perlo]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] prelate and missionary (b. [[1873]]) | + | |
- | * [[November 7]] – [[David Leland (actor)|David Leland]], American actor (b. [[1932]]) | + | |
- | * [[November 8]] – [[Archduke Peter Ferdinand of Austria]] (b. [[1874]]) | + | |
- | * [[November 9]] – [[Edgar Kennedy]], American actor (b. [[1890]]) | + | |
- | * [[November 10]] | + | |
- | ** [[Julius Curtius]], German politician and diplomat (b. [[1877]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Jack Nelson (actor)|Jack Nelson]], American actor and director (b. [[1882]]) | + | |
- | * [[November 11]] – [[Fred Niblo]], American film director (b. [[1874]]) | + | |
- | * [[November 12]] – [[Umberto Giordano]], Italian composer (b. [[1867]]) | + | |
- | * [[November 17]] – [[Oerip Soemohardjo]], Indonesian general (b. [[1893]]) | + | |
- | * [[November 21]] – [[Béla Miklós]], Hungarian military officer and politician, 38th [[Prime Minister of Hungary]] (b. [[1890]]) | + | |
- | * [[November 23]] – [[Hack Wilson]], American baseball player ([[Chicago Cubs]]) and a member of the [[MLB Hall of Fame]] (b. [[1900]]) | + | |
- | * [[November 28]] – [[D. D. Sheehan]], Irish politician (b. [[1873]]) | + | |
- | * [[November 29]] | + | |
- | ** [[Maria Koppenhöfer]], German actress (b. [[1901]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Roberto Omegna]], Italian cinematographer and director (b. [[1876]]) | + | |
- | * [[November 30]] – [[Franco Vittadini]], Italian composer (b. [[1884]]) | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===December=== | + | |
- | [[File:Matthew Charlton 1925.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Matthew Charlton]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Joao tamagnini barbosa 1.jpg|thumb|100px|[[João Tamagnini Barbosa]]]] | + | |
- | [[File:Hideki Tojo.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Hideki Tojo]]]] | + | |
- | * [[December 3]] | + | |
- | ** [[Jan Hendrik Hofmeyr (1894–1948)|Jan Hendrik Hofmeyr]], South African politician (b. [[1894]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Luis Orrego Luco]], Chilean politician, lawyer, novelist and diplomat (b. [[1866]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Chano Pozo]], Cuban percussionist (b. [[1915]]) | + | |
- | * [[December 8]] – [[Matthew Charlton]], Australian politician (b. [[1866]]) | + | |
- | * [[December 15]] – [[João Tamagnini Barbosa]], Portuguese military officer and politician, 69th [[Prime Minister of Portugal]] (b. [[1883]]) | + | |
- | * [[December 20]] – [[C. Aubrey Smith]], British actor (b. [[1863]]) | + | |
- | * [[December 23]] – Japanese war leaders (hanged): | + | |
- | ** [[Kenji Doihara]], general (b. [[1883]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Kōki Hirota]], diplomat and politician, 32nd [[Prime Minister of Japan]] (b. [[1878]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Seishirō Itagaki]], military officer (b. [[1885]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Heitarō Kimura]], general (b. [[1888]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Iwane Matsui]], general (b. [[1878]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Akira Mutō]], general (b. [[1892]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Hideki Tojo]], general, 40th [[Prime Minister of Japan]] (b. [[1884]]) | + | |
- | * [[December 26]] – [[John Westley (actor)|John Westley]], American actor (b. [[1878]]) | + | |
- | * [[December 28]] | + | |
- | ** [[Muhammad Saleh Akbar Hydari]], Indian civil servant and politician (b. [[1894]]) | + | |
- | ** [[Mahmoud an-Nukrashi Pasha]], Egyptian political figure, 27th [[Prime Minister of Egypt]] (assassinated) (b. [[1888]]) | + | |
- | * [[December 29]] – [[Guido Di Ruggiero]], Italian philosopher, professor and politician (b. [[1888]]) | + | |
- | * [[December 31]] – [[Malcolm Campbell|Sir Malcolm Campbell]], English land and water racer (b. [[1885]]) | + | |
{{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} |
Current revision
"Pop culture - the folk culture of the modern market, the culture of the instant, at once subsuming past and future and refusing to acknowledge the reality of either - began about 1948, in the United States and Great Britain." --Lipstick Traces: A Secret History of the Twentieth Century, p. 257. "In 1948, two widely read books were published that would inspire a "neo-Malthusian" debate on population and the environment: Fairfield Osborn’s Our Plundered Planet and William Vogt’s Road to Survival." --Sholem Stein The greatest thing you'll ever learn |
Related e |
Featured: |
1948 is the 948th year of the 2nd millennium, the 48th year of the 20th century, and the 9th year of the 1940s decade.
Contents |
Art and culture
- COBRA (avant-garde movement) coined
- The United Nations General Assembly adopts the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
- Jack Kerouac introduces the term Beat Generation
- Alfred Kinsey publishes Sexual Behavior in the Human Male
Literature
- And We'll Kill All the Ugly Ones by Boris Vian
- The City and the Pillar by Gore Vidal
- The Great Tradition by F. R. Leavis
- "The Lottery" by Shirley Jackson
- No Longer Human by Osamu Dazai
Visual culture
Music
- Étude aux chemins de fer by Pierre Schaeffer is recorded
- Black Coffee by written by Sonny Burke, the lyrics by Paul Francis Webster
- Nature Boy by Nat King Cole
Births
- January 23 – Anita Pointer (The Pointer Sisters) (d. 2022)
- February 1 – Rick James, American composer, singer and musician (d. 2004)
- December 6 – Linda Creed, American singer-songwriter (d. 1986)
- Tee Scott
- Catherine Breillat
- Ian McEwan
- Martin Hannett
- William Gibson
- Francis Grasso
- Glenn Branca
- Catherine Millet
- Eric Fischl
- Donald Fagen, American rock keyboardist
- John Carpenter, American film director, producer, screenwriter and composer
- Alice Cooper, American hard rock singer and musician
- Barbara Hershey, American actress
- Kitten Natividad, Mexican-American film actress (d. 2022)
- Pim Fortuyn, Dutch politician and author (d. 2002)
- Mike Figgis, American director, screenwriter and composer
- Bernadette Peters, American actress and singer
- James Ellroy, American writer
- Eddy Grant, Guyanese British singer and musician
- Jimmy Cliff, Jamaican singer and actor
- Jan Hammer, Czechoslovakian composer, pianist and keyboardist
- Terry Pratchett, English comic fantasy and science fiction author (d. 2015)
- Joe Esposito, American singer-songwriter
- Steve Winwood, English rock singer
- Brian Eno, English musician and record producer
- Stevie Nicks, American rock singer and songwriter
- Nick Drake, English musician (d. 1974)
- Nathalie Baye, French film, television and stage actress
- Cat Stevens, born Steven Georgiou, later known as Yusuf Islam, British singer, musician
- Robert Plant, English singer (Led Zeppelin)
- Jean Michel Jarre, French electronic musician
- Fred Hampton, American activist (d. 1969)
- John Martyn, born Iain McGeachy, British folk-rock guitarist (d. 2009)
- Jeremy Irons, English actor
- Olivia Newton-John, English-born Australian singer and actress (d. 2022)
- Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Pakistani musician (d. 1997)
- T. Coraghessan Boyle, American writer
- Lester Bangs, American music journalist (d. 1982)
- Samuel L. Jackson, African-American actor and film producer
- Gérard Depardieu, French actor
- Joe Dallesandro, American model and actor
- Donna Summer, African-American singer and actress (d. 2012)
Deaths
- January 8 – Kurt Schwitters, German artist (b. 1887)
- February 9 – Karl Valentin, German actor (b. 1882)
- February 11 – Sergei Eisenstein, Soviet film director (b. 1898)
- March 4 – Antonin Artaud, French playwright, actor and director (b. 1896)
- June 16 – Holbrook Jackson, English journalist, writer, publisher and bibliophile (born 1874)
- July 21 – Arshile Gorky, Soviet-born painter (b. 1904)
- July 23 – D. W. Griffith, American film director (The Birth Of A Nation) (b. 1875)
- August 10 - Montague Summers, English writer (d. 1880)
- September 13 – Paul Wegener, German actor, film director, and screenwriter; one of the pioneers of German Expressionism (b. 1874)
- October 24 – Franz Lehár, Hungarian composer (b. 1870)
- December 3 – Chano Pozo, Cuban percussionist (b. 1915)