Public
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| - | [[Image:Jean-Leon Gerome Pollice Verso.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''[[Pollice Verso]]'' by Jean-Léon Gérôme, 1872, is the immediate source of the "[[thumbs down]]" [[gesture]] in [[popular culture]]. It is owned by [[Phoenix Art Museum]].]] | + | [[Image:Pruitt-Igoe-overview.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Instance of [[public housing]]<br>Illustration: [[Pruitt–Igoe]] housing project]] |
| + | [[Image:Jean-Leon Gerome Pollice Verso.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''[[Pollice Verso (Gérôme)|Pollice Verso]]'' (1872) by Jean-Léon Gérôme]] | ||
| + | [[Image:Loie Fuller Folies Bergere.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Advertising poster]]]] | ||
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| - | '''Public''' is of or pertaining to the people; belonging to the people; relating to, or affecting, a nation, state, or community; opposed to [[Private sector|private]]; as, the public treasury, a road or lake. Public is also defined as the people of a nation not affiliated with the government of that nation. | + | In [[public relations]] and [[communication science]], '''publics''' are groups of individual [[people]], and '''the public''' (a.k.a. '''the general public''') is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the [[sociology|sociological]] concept of the Öffentlichkeit or [[public sphere]]. The concept of a public has also been defined in [[political science]], [[psychology]], [[marketing]], and [[advertising]]. In public relations and communication science, it is one of the more ambiguous concepts in the field. Although it has definitions in the theory of the field that have been formulated from the early 20th century onwards, it has suffered in more recent years from being blurred, as a result of conflation of the idea of a public with the notions of audience, market segment, community, constituency, and stakeholder. |
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| - | Public also refers to the general body of mankind, or of a nation, state, or community; ''the people'', indefinitely; as, ''the public''; also, a particular body or aggregation of people; as, ''an author's public''. "public Network" means a network that is regulated as a [[common carrier]]. | + | |
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| - | Aggens (1983), in the paper titled "Identifying different levels of public interest in participation" states: "''There is no single public, but different levels of public based on differing levels of interest and ability''". | + | |
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| - | ==Selected bibliography== | + | |
| - | # [[John Dewey|Dewey, John]]. ''Public & Its Problems'', Swallow Press, June 1954, ISBN 0-8040-0254-1. | + | |
| - | # [[Jürgen Habermas|Habermas, Jürgen]]. ''[[The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society]]'', (Studies in Contemporary German Social Thought), The MIT Press; Reprint edition, August 28, 1991, ISBN 0-262-58108-6. | + | |
| - | # [[Jürgen Habermas|Habermas, Jürgen]]. ''[[The Theory of Communicative Action, Volume 2: Lifeword and System: A Critique of Functionalist Reason]],'' Thomas McCarthy (Translator), Beacon Press; Reprint edition, 1987, ISBN 0-8070-1401-X. | + | |
| - | # [[Alastair Hannay|Hannay, Alastair]]. ''On the Public'', Routledge; 1 edition, July 13, 2005, ISBN 0-415-32792-X. | + | |
| - | # [[Soren Kierkegaard|Kierkegaard, Soren]]. ''A Literary Review'' (Penguin Classics), Alastair Hannay (Translator), Penguin Classics, March 26, 2002, ISBN 0-14-044801-2. | + | |
| - | # [[Walter Lippmann|Lippmann, Walter]]. ''The Phantom Public'' (Library of Conservative Thought), Transaction Publishers; Reprint edition, January 1, 1993, ISBN 1-56000-677-3. | + | |
| - | # [[Leon H. Mayhew|Mayhew, Leon H.]]. ''The New Public: Professional Communication and the Means of Social Influence'', (Cambridge Cultural Social Studies), Cambridge University Press, September 28, 1997, ISBN 0-521-48493-6. | + | |
| - | # [[Richard Sennett|Sennett, Richard]]. ''The Fall of Public Man'' W. W. Norton & Company; Reissue edition, June 1992, ISBN 0-393-30879-0. | + | |
| + | The name "public" originates with the [[Latin language|Latin]] "populus" or "poplicus", and in general denotes some mass population ("the people") in association with some matter of common interest. So in political science and history, a public is a population of individuals in association with civic affairs, or affairs of office or state. In [[social psychology]], marketing, and public relations, a public has a more situational definition. | ||
| + | situation." | ||
| + | ==See also== | ||
| + | *[[Common]] | ||
| + | *[[Community]] | ||
| + | *[[General audience ( American film rating)]] | ||
| + | *[[Nation]] | ||
| + | *[[People]] | ||
| + | *[[Popular]] | ||
| + | *[[Public art]] | ||
| + | *[[Public bathing]] | ||
| + | *[[Public broadcasting]] | ||
| + | *[[Public display of affection]] | ||
| + | *[[Public decency]] | ||
| + | *[[Public domain]] | ||
| + | *[[Public housing]] | ||
| + | *[[Public library]] | ||
| + | *[[Public opinion]] | ||
| + | *[[Public space]] | ||
| + | *[[Public sphere]] | ||
| + | *[[Public toilet]] | ||
| + | *[[Publishing]] | ||
| + | *[[Res publica]] | ||
| + | *[[Volk]] | ||
| + | *[[Vox populi]] | ||
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In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the Öffentlichkeit or public sphere. The concept of a public has also been defined in political science, psychology, marketing, and advertising. In public relations and communication science, it is one of the more ambiguous concepts in the field. Although it has definitions in the theory of the field that have been formulated from the early 20th century onwards, it has suffered in more recent years from being blurred, as a result of conflation of the idea of a public with the notions of audience, market segment, community, constituency, and stakeholder.
The name "public" originates with the Latin "populus" or "poplicus", and in general denotes some mass population ("the people") in association with some matter of common interest. So in political science and history, a public is a population of individuals in association with civic affairs, or affairs of office or state. In social psychology, marketing, and public relations, a public has a more situational definition. situation."
[edit]
See also
- Common
- Community
- General audience ( American film rating)
- Nation
- People
- Popular
- Public art
- Public bathing
- Public broadcasting
- Public display of affection
- Public decency
- Public domain
- Public housing
- Public library
- Public opinion
- Public space
- Public sphere
- Public toilet
- Publishing
- Res publica
- Volk
- Vox populi
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Public" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
