Community
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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"The gravest and most painful testimony of the modern world, the one that possibly involves all other testimonies to which this epoch must answer (by virtue of some unknown decree or necessity, for we bear witness also to the exhaustion of thinking through History), is the testimony of the dissolution, the dislocation, or the conflagration of community."The Inoperative Community (1982) by Jean-Luc Nancy, incipit |
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A community is a social unit (a group of living things) with commonality such as norms, religion, values, customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical area (e.g. a country, village, town, or neighbourhood) or in virtual space through communication platforms. Durable relations that extend beyond immediate genealogical ties also define a sense of community, important to their identity, practice, and roles in social institutions such as family, home, work, government, society, or humanity at large. Although communities are usually small relative to personal social ties, "community" may also refer to large group affiliations such as national communities, international communities, and virtual communities.
The English-language word "community" derives from the Old French comuneté (currently "Communauté"), which comes from the Latin communitas "community", "public spirit" (from Latin communis, "common"). Human communities may share intent, belief, resources, preferences, needs, and risks in common, affecting the identity of the participants and their degree of cohesiveness.
See also
- Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft
- Communitarianism
- Sense of community
- Historian Benedict Anderson's Imagined Communities
- Intentional community
- International community
- Nationalism and Internationalism
- Otherness
- Original affluent society hunter-gatherer aspects of Marshall Sahlins (1966)
- Phalanstère
- Tragedy of the commons and Tragedy of the anticommons
