Paul Bilhaud
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Paul Bilhaud (Allichamps, December 31, 1854 - Avon, 1933) was a French poet and dramatist who belonged to the French avant-garde group the Incoherents. He is the author of an all-black painting called Combat de nègres dans un tunnel.
On October 1 1882 the "Exposition des Arts Incohérents" in Paris featured a black painting by the poet Paul Bilhaud titled Combat de nègres dans un tunnel, which was appropriated in 1887 by the French humorist Alphonse Allais as Combat de nègres dans une cave pendant la nuit and published in Album primo-avrilesque (April fool-ish Album), an album of monochrome pictures of various colors, with uniformly ornamental frames, each bearing a comical title. Allais called his all-red painting Tomato Harvest by Apoplectic Cardinals on the Shore of the Red Sea.
Combat de nègres dans un tunnel predates Malevich's, Black Square on a White Field by 31 years.
Literary career
Author of famous monologues such as Le Hanneton (1879). He writes for Braré, then for Alfred Hennequin (1842-1887) numerous vaudevilles. Some librettos for the composers Lecocq and Serpette, children books illustrated by Job, and poetry.
