December 6  

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== Art and culture == == Art and culture ==
- 
-*[[1240]] - [[Mongol invasion of Rus]]: [[Kiev]] under [[Danylo of Halych]] and [[Voivode Dmytro]] falls to the [[Mongols]] under [[Batu Khan]]. 
-*[[1534]] - The city of [[Quito]] in [[Ecuador]] is founded by Spanish settlers led by [[Sebastián de Belalcázar]]. 
*[[1768]] - The first edition of the ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' is published. *[[1768]] - The first edition of the ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' is published.
-*[[1790]] - The [[Congress of the United States|U.S. Congress]] moves from [[New York City]] to [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]]. 
-*[[1845]] - [[Alpha Sigma Phi]] Fraternity is founded at [[Yale College]]. 
*[[1849]] - American [[abolitionist]] [[Harriet Tubman]] escapes from slavery. *[[1849]] - American [[abolitionist]] [[Harriet Tubman]] escapes from slavery.
-*[[1865]] - The [[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution]] is ratified, banning [[slavery]].+*[[1933]] - The trial ''[[United States v. One Book Called Ulysses]]'' rules that James Joyce's ''[[Ulysses (novel)|Ulysses]]'' is not pornographic and therefore could not be obscene.
-*[[1877]] - The ''[[Washington Post]]'' newspaper is first published.+
-*[[1884]] - The [[Washington Monument]] in [[Washington D.C.]] is completed.+
-*[[1897]] - [[London]] becomes the world's first city to host motorised [[taxicab]]s.+
-*[[1907]] - A [[History of coal mining#Disasters|coal mine explosion]] at [[Monongah, West Virginia]] kills 362 workers. +
-*[[1916]] - [[Bucharest]] was captured by the [[Central Powers]]+
-* 1916 - [[David Lloyd George]] becomes Prime Minister of [[United Kingdom]].+
-*[[1917]] - [[Finland]] [[Finland's declaration of independence|declares independence]] from [[Russia]].+
-* 1917 - [[Halifax Explosion]]: In [[Canada]], a munitions explosion kills more than 1900 people and destroys part of the city of [[Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia|Halifax, Nova Scotia]].+
-*[[1921]] - The [[Anglo-Irish Treaty]] is signed in London by British and Irish representatives+
-*[[1922]] - One year to the day after the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, the [[Irish Free State]] comes into existence.+
-*[[1933]] - U.S. federal judge John M. Woolsey rules that the [[James Joyce]] novel ''[[Ulysses (novel)|Ulysses]]'' is not obscene.+
-*[[1947]] - The [[Everglades National Park]] in [[Florida]] is dedicated.+
-*[[1956]] - The water polo [[Blood In The Water match]] between [[Hungary]] and the [[USSR]] took place during the [[1956 Summer Olympics]] in [[Melbourne]], representative of the [[1956 Hungarian Revolution]].+
-*[[1957]] - [[Project Vanguard]]: A launchpad explosion of [[Vanguard TV3]] thwarts the first [[United States]] attempt to launch a [[satellite]] into orbit around the [[Earth]].+
-[[Image:Vanguard rocket exlodes.jpg|thumb|A [[Vanguard rocket]] explodes on the launchpad.]]+
-*[[1965]] - [[Pakistan]]'s Islamic Ideology Advisory Committee recommends that Islamic Studies be made a compulsory subject for [[Muslim]] students from primary to graduation level.+
-*[[1969]] - [[Meredith Hunter]] is killed by [[Hells Angels]] during [[The Rolling Stones]]'s concert at the [[Altamont Speedway]] in [[California]].+
-*[[1971]] - [[Pakistan]] breaks diplomatic relations with [[India]] following [[India|New Delhi]]'s recognition of [[Bangladesh]].+
-*[[1973]] - [[Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution|The Twenty-fifth Amendment]]: The [[United States House of Representatives]] votes 387 to 35 to confirm [[Gerald Ford]] as [[Vice President of the United States]] (on [[November 27]], the [[United States Senate|Senate]] confirmed him 92 to 3). +
-*[[1975]] - [[Balcombe Street Siege]]: An [[Provisional Irish Republican Army|IRA]] Active Service Unit takes a couple hostage in Balcombe Street, [[London]].+
-*[[1977]] - [[South Africa]] grants independence to [[Bophuthatswana]], although it is not recognized by any other country+
-*[[1978]] - [[Spain]] approves [[Spanish Constitution of 1978|its latest constitution]] in a referendum.+
-*[[1989]] - [[École Polytechnique Massacre]]: [[Marc Lépine]] kills 14 young women in [[Montreal, Quebec]].+
-*[[1991]] - In [[Croatia]], forces of the [[Yugoslav People's Army]] bombard [[Dubrovnik]] after laying siege there since May.+
-*[[1992]] - Extremist [[Hindu]] activists demolish [[Babri Masjid]] - a 16th century [[mosque]] in [[Ayodhya]], [[India]] which had been used as temple since 1949. Hindus believe this structure was built on the site which is the birthplace of Lord Rama.+
-*[[1997]] - A [[Russia]]n [[Antonov]] [[An-124]] transport cargo plane crashes into an apartment complex near [[Irkutsk]], [[Siberia]], killing 67.+
-*[[2001]] - Name of the Canadian province of Newfoundland changed to [[Newfoundland and Labrador]].+
-*[[2005]] - Several villagers shot dead during [[Dongzhou protests of 2005|protests in Dongzhou]], China.+
-*[[2006]] - [[NASA]] reveals photographs taken by [[Mars Global Surveyor]] suggesting the presence of liquid water on [[Mars]].+
- +
==Births== ==Births==
-* [[846]] - [[Hasan al-Askari]], [[Imamah (Shia doctrine)|Shia Imam]] (d. [[874]]) 
-*[[1285]] - King [[Ferdinand IV of Castile]] (d. [[1312]]) 
-*[[1421]] - King [[Henry VI of England]] (d. [[1471]]) 
*[[1478]] - [[Baldassare Castiglione]], Italian diplomat and author (d. [[1529]]) *[[1478]] - [[Baldassare Castiglione]], Italian diplomat and author (d. [[1529]])
-*[[1550]] - [[Orazio Vecchi]], Italian composer (baptism) (d. [[1605]])+*[[1805]] - [[Jean Eugène Robert-Houdin]], French magician (d. [[1861]])
-*[[1586]] - [[Niccolò Zucchi]], Italian astronomer (d. [[1670]])+*[[1824]] - [[Emmanuel Frémiet]], French sculptor ("Gorilla Carrying off a Woman") (d. [[1910]])
-*[[1608]] - [[George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle]], English soldier (d. [[1670]])+*[[1885]] - [[Albrecht Schaeffer]], German writer (''Josef Montfort'') (d. [[1950]])
-*[[1637]] - Sir [[Edmund Andros]], English governor in North America (d. [[1714]])+
-*[[1640]] - [[Claude Fleury]], French historian (d. [[1723]])+
-*[[1642]] - [[Johann Christoph Bach]], German composer (d. [[1703]])+
-*[[1685]] - [[Princess Marie-Adélaïde of Savoy|Marie-Adélaïde of Savoy]], mother of [[Louis XV of France]] d. 1712+
-*[[1721]] - [[James Elphinston]], British philologist (d. [[1809]])+
-* 1721 - [[Guillaume-Chrétien de Lamoignon de Malesherbes]], French statesman (d. [[1794]])+
-*[[1752]] - [[Gabriel Duvall]], Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. [[1844]])+
-*[[1778]] - [[Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac]], French physicist and chemist (d. [[1850]])+
-*[[1792]] - King [[William II of the Netherlands]] (d. [[1849]])+
-*[[1805]] - [[Adolf Reubke]], German organ builder (d. [[1875]])+
-* 1805 - [[Jean Eugène Robert-Houdin]], French magician (d. [[1861]])+
-*[[1812]] - [[Robert Spear Hudson (businessman)|Robert Spear Hudson]], English businessman (d. [[1884]])+
-*[[1823]] - [[Max Müller|Friedrich Max Müller]], German orientalist (d. [[1900]])+
-*[[1833]] - [[John S. Mosby|John Singleton Mosby]], American Confederate guerrilla leader (d. [[1916]])+
-*[[1841]] - [[Frédéric Bazille]], French painter (d. [[1870]])+
-*[[1849]] - [[August von Mackensen]], German field marshal (d. [[1945]])+
-*[[1863]] - [[Charles Martin Hall]], American chemist (d. [[1914]])+
-*[[1872]] - [[William S. Hart]], American actor (d. [[1946]])+
-*[[1875]] - [[Evelyn Underhill]], British poet (d. [[1941]])+
-*[[1876]] - [[Fred Duesenberg]], German-born automobile pioneer (d. [[1932]])+
-*[[1886]] - [[Joyce Kilmer]], American poet (d. [[1918]])+
-*[[1887]] - [[Joseph Lamb]], American ragtime composer (d. [[1960]])+
*[[1890]] - [[Rudolf Schlichter]], German artist and writer (d. [[1955]]) *[[1890]] - [[Rudolf Schlichter]], German artist and writer (d. [[1955]])
-* 1890 - [[Yoshio Nishina]], Japanese physicist (d. [[1951]]) 
-* 1890 - [[Dion Fortune]], British occultist (d. [[1946]]) 
-*[[1892]] - Sir [[Sir Osbert Sitwell, 5th Baronet|Osbert Sitwell]], British author (d. [[1969]]) 
-*[[1896]] - [[Ira Gershwin]], American lyricist (d. [[1983]]) 
-*[[1898]] - [[Alfred Eisenstaedt]], German-born photojournalist (d. [[1995]]) 
-* 1898 - [[Gunnar Myrdal]], Swedish economist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Economics]] (d. [[1987]]) 
-*[[1900]] - [[Agnes Moorehead]], American actress (d. [[1974]]) 
-*[[1903]] - [[Tony Lazzeri]], American baseball player (d. [[1946]]) 
-*[[1904]] - [[Ève Curie]] French writer (d. [[2007]]) 
-*[[1905]] - [[James J. Braddock]], American boxer (d. [[1974]]) 
-*[[1908]] - [[Pierre Graber]], Swiss Federal Councilor (d. [[2003]]) 
-* 1908 - [[Baby Face Nelson]], American bank robber (d. [[1934]]) 
-*[[1913]] - [[Eleanor Holm]], American swimmer (d. [[2004]]) 
-*[[1916]] - [[Hugo Peretti]], American songwriter and record producer (d. [[1986]]) 
-* 1916 - [[Kristján Eldjárn]], Curator at the [[National Museum of Iceland]] and 3rd president of [[Iceland]] (d. [[1982]]) 
-*[[1917]] - [[Kamal Jumblatt]], leader of the Lebanese Druze (d. [[1977]]) 
*[[1919]] - [[Paul de Man]], Belgian-born literary critic (d. [[1983]]) *[[1919]] - [[Paul de Man]], Belgian-born literary critic (d. [[1983]])
-*[[1920]] - [[Dave Brubeck]], American pianist and composer+*[[1921]] - [[Piero Piccioni]], Italian musician and composer (d. [[2004]])
-* 1920 - [[George Porter]], British chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[2002]])+
-*[[1921]] - [[Otto Graham]], American football player (d. [[2003]])+
-* 1921 - [[Piero Piccioni]], Italian musician and composer (d. [[2004]])+
-*[[1922]] - [[John Henry Cound Brunt]], Victoria Cross holder (d. [[1944]])+
-*[[1924]] - [[Wally Cox]], American actor (d. [[1973]])+
-*[[1928]] - [[Bobby Van]], American singer (d. [[1980]])+
*[[1929]] - [[Alain Tanner]], Swiss filmmaker *[[1929]] - [[Alain Tanner]], Swiss filmmaker
-* 1929 - [[Nikolaus Harnoncourt]], German conductor+*[[1941]] - [[Bruce Nauman]], American artist
-* 1929 - [[Frank Springer]], American comics artist+
-*[[1930]] - [[Daniel Lisulo]], [[Prime Minister of Zambia]]+
-*[[1931]] - [[Don King (boxing promoter)|Don King]], American Boxing Promoter+
-*[[1931]] - [[Zeki Müren]], Turkish actor, singer, and composer (d. 1996)+
-*[[1933]] - [[Henryk Górecki]], Polish composer+
-*[[1935]] - [[Jean Lapointe]], Quebec comedian, singer and [[Senate of Canada|senator]]+
-*[[1936]] - [[David Ossman]], American comedian+
-*[[1937]] - [[Alberto Spencer]], Ecuadorian footballer (d. [[2006]])+
-*[[1940]] - [[Lawrence Bergman]], Quebec politician+
-* 1940 - [[Richard Edlund]], American special effects photographer+
-*[[1941]] - [[Richard Speck]], American mass murderer (d. [[1991]])+
*[[1942]] - [[Peter Handke]], Austrian writer *[[1942]] - [[Peter Handke]], Austrian writer
-*[[1945]] - [[Shekhar Kapur]], Indian filmmaker+*[[1948]] &ndash; [[Linda Creed]], American singer-songwriter (d. 1986)
-* 1945 - [[Larry Bowa]], baseball player and Major League manager+*[[1957]] &ndash; [[Adrian Borland]], English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 1999)
-* 1945 - [[Dan Harrington]], American poker player+
-*[[1947]] - [[Lawrence Cannon]], Canadian politician+
-*[[1948]] - [[JoBeth Williams]], American actress+
-* 1948 - [[Keke Rosberg]], Finnish race car driver+
-* 1948 - [[Marius Müller-Westernhagen]], German actor and musician+
-* 1949 - [[Linda Creed]], American songwriter+
-*[[1949]] - [[Doug Marlette]], American editorial cartoonist+
-*[[1950]] - [[Joe Hisaishi]], Japanese composer+
-*[[1952]] - [[Ric Charlesworth|Rick Charlesworth]], Australian hockey player+
-* 1952 - [[Craig Newmark]], founder of [[craigslist]]+
-*[[1953]] - [[Tom Hulce]], American actor+
-* 1953 - [[Gary Ward]], baseball player+
-*[[1955]] - [[Steven Wright]], American comedian+
-* 1955 - [[Rick Buckler]], British drummer ([[The Jam]])+
-*[[1956]] - [[Peter Buck]], American guitarist ([[R.E.M. (band)|R.E.M.]])+
-*[[1956]] - [[Randy Rhoads]], American guitarist (d. [[1982]])+
-*[[1957]] - [[Adrian Borland]], English musician ([[The Sound]]) (d. [[1999]])+
-*[[1958]] - [[Nick Park]], British filmmaker and animator+
-*[[1959]] - [[Satoru Iwata]], president and CEO of Nintendo+
-*[[1961]] - [[David Lovering]], American drummer ([[Pixies]])+
-*[[1962]] - [[Janine Turner]], American actress+
-*[[1963]] - [[Ulrich Thomsen]], Danish actor+
-*[[1967]] - [[Hacken Lee]], Hong Kong singer+
-*[[1970]] - [[Ulf Ekberg]], Swedish musician ([[Ace of Base]])+
-*[[1970]] - [[La Chicane|Éric Lemieux]], Quebec keyboardist ([[La Chicane]])+
-*[[1971]] - [[José Contreras]], Cuban baseball player+
-*[[1971]] - [[Richard Krajicek]], Dutch tennis player+
-*[[1971]] - [[Ryan White]], American AIDS activist (d. [[1990]])+
-*[[1971]] - [[Naozumi Takahashi]], [[seiyuu]]+
-*[[1972]] - [[Rick Short]], baseball player+
-*[[1974]] - [[Nick Stajduhar]], Canadian ice hockey player+
-*[[1975]] - [[Noel Clarke]], English actor and writer +
-*[[1976]] - [[Colleen Haskell]], American television personality+
-*[[1977]] - [[Kevin Cash]], baseball player+
-*[[1977]] - [[Andrew Flintoff]], English cricketer+
-*[[1977]] - [[Paul McVeigh]], Irish footballer+
-*[[1978]] - [[Darrell Jackson]], American football player+
-*[[1978]] - [[Chris Basak]], American baseball player+
-*[[1979]] - [[Tim Cahill]], Australia footballer+
-*[[1980]] - [[Steve Lovell]], British footballer+
-*[[1980]] - [[Ehren Wassermann]], American baseball player+
-*[[1982]] - [[Sean Ervine]], Zimbabwean cricketer+
-*[[1982]] - [[Ryan Carnes]], American actor+
-*[[1982]] - [[Robbie Gould]], American football player+
-*[[1982]] - [[Alberto Contador]], Spanish cyclist and 2007 Tour de France winner+
-*[[1985]] - [[Dulce María]], Mexican actress and singer+
-*[[1986]] - [[Cintia Dicker]], Brazilian model+
-*[[1993]] - [[Elián González affair|Elián González]], Cuban subject of international child custody battle+
-*[[1995]] - [[Joy Gruttmann]], German singer+
-*[[2000]] - [[Pablo Nicolás Urdangarín y de Borbón]], Spanish royal+
-<!-- +
-Please do not add yourself, non-notable people, fictional characters, or people without Wikipedia articles to this list. No red links, please. +
-Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence.+
-If there are multiple people in the same birth year, put them in alphabetical order.+
-Do not trust "this year in history" websites for accurate date information. -->+
==Deaths== ==Deaths==
-*[[343]] - [[Saint Nicholas]] 
-*[[1185]] - King [[Afonso I of Portugal]] (b. [[1109]]) 
-*[[1352]] - [[Pope Clement VI]] (b. [[1291]]) 
-*[[1562]] - [[Jan van Scorel]] Dutch painter and architect 
-*[[1618]] - [[Jacques-Davy Duperron]], French cardinal (b. [[1556]]) 
-*[[1658]] - [[Baltasar Gracián y Morales]], Spanish writer (b. [[1601]]) 
-*[[1672]] - King [[John II Casimir of Poland]] (b. [[1609]]) 
-*[[1675]] - [[John Lightfoot]], English churchman (b. [[1602]]) 
-*[[1718]] - [[Nicholas Rowe (dramatist)|Nicholas Rowe]], English poet and dramatist (b. [[1674]]) 
-*[[1746]] - [[Lady Grizel Baillie]], Scottish songwriter (b. [[1665]]) 
-*[[1771]] - [[Giovanni Battista Morgagni]], Italian anatomist (b. [[1682]]) 
*[[1779]] - [[Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin]], French painter (b. [[1699]]) *[[1779]] - [[Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin]], French painter (b. [[1699]])
-*[[1788]] - [[Jonathan Shipley]], British bishop and politician (b. [[1714]]) 
-*[[1867]] - [[Jean Pierre Flourens]], French physician (b. [[1794]]) 
-*[[1868]] - [[August Schleicher]], German linguist (b. [[1821]]) 
-*[[1879]] - [[Erastus Brigham Bigelow]], American industrialist (b. [[1814]]) 
*[[1882]] - [[Anthony Trollope]], British author (b. [[1815]]) *[[1882]] - [[Anthony Trollope]], British author (b. [[1815]])
-* 1882 - [[Alfred Escher]], Swiss politician and railroad entrepreneur (b. [[1819]])+*[[1932]] - [[Eugène Brieux]], French dramatist (''Les Avariés''), (b. [[1858]])
-*[[1889]] - [[Jefferson Davis]], [[President of the Confederate States of America]] (b. [[1808]])+
-*[[1892]] - [[Ernst Werner von Siemens]], German inventor and industrialist (b. [[1816]])+
-*[[1924]] - [[Gene Stratton-Porter]], American author, screenwriter and naturalist (b. [[1863]])+
*[[1949]] - [[Leadbelly]], American musician (b. [[1888]]) *[[1949]] - [[Leadbelly]], American musician (b. [[1888]])
-*[[1951]] - [[Harold Ross]], American magazine editor (b. [[1892]]) 
-*[[1955]] - [[Honus Wagner]], baseball player (b. [[1874]]) 
-*[[1956]] - [[Ambedkar|Dr. Bhimji Ramji Ambedkar]], Indian Minister of Law and architect of The Constitution of India (b. [[1891]]) 
*[[1961]] - [[Frantz Fanon]], West Indian psychiatrist and writer (b. [[1925]]) *[[1961]] - [[Frantz Fanon]], West Indian psychiatrist and writer (b. [[1925]])
-*[[1964]] - [[Consuelo Vanderbilt]] (b. [[1877]]) 
-*[[1972]] - [[Janet Munro]], British actress (b. [[1934]]) 
-*[[1976]] - [[João Goulart]], [[President of Brazil]] (b. [[1918]]) 
-*[[1983]] - [[Lucienne Boyer]], French singer (b. [[1903]]) 
-*[[1985]] - [[Burr Tillstrom]], American puppeteer (b. [[1917]]) 
-* 1985 - [[Max Kasch]], American Actor, Holes 
-*[[1988]] - [[Roy Orbison]], American singer, guitarist, and songwriter (b. [[1936]]) 
-*[[1989]] - [[Frances Bavier]], American actress (b. [[1902]]) 
-* 1989 - [[Sammy Fain]], American popular music composer (b. [[1902]]) 
-* 1989 - [[John Payne (actor)|John Payne]], American movie actor (b. [[1912]]) 
-*[[1990]] - [[Pavlos Sidiropoulos]], Greek singer and songwriter (b. [[1948]]) 
-*[[1991]] - Sir [[Richard Stone]], British economist, [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1913]]) 
-*[[1992]] - [[Mimi Smith]], maternal aunt and guardian of [[John Lennon]] (b. [[1914]]) 
-*[[1993]] - [[Don Ameche]], American actor (b. [[1908]]) 
-*[[1996]] - [[Pete Rozelle]], commissioner of the [[National Football League]] (b. [[1926]]) 
-*[[1997]] - [[Billy Bremner]], Scottish footballer (b. [[1942]]) 
-*[[2000]] - [[Werner Klemperer]], German-born actor (b. [[1920]]) 
-*[[2001]] - Sir [[Peter Blake (yachtsman)|Peter Blake]], New Zealand sailor and environmentalist (b. [[1948]])  
-* 2001 - [[Charles McClendon]], Hall of Fame college football coach (b. [[1923]]) 
-*[[2002]] - [[Philip Berrigan]], American civil rights activist (b. [[1923]])  
-*[[2003]] - [[Hans Hotter]], German bass-baritone (b. [[1909]]) 
-* 2003 - [[Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio]], [[President of Guatemala]] (b. [[1918]])  
-* 2003 - [[Jerry Tuite]], American professional wrestler (b. [[1966]])  
-*[[2004]] - [[Raymond Goethals]], Belgian football coach (b. [[1921]])  
-*[[2005]] - [[Charly Gaul]], Luxembourg cyclist (b. [[1932]]) 
-* 2005 - [[Devan Nair]], 3rd [[President of Singapore]] (b. [[1923]]) 
-* 2005 - [[Danny Williams (musician)|Danny Williams]], South African-born singer (b. [[1942]]) 
- 
-== Notes == 
-Albrecht Schaeffer  
-Richard Speck  
-Piero Piccioni  
-Emmanuel Frémiet  
-Baldassare Castiglione  
-Jean Eugène Robert-Houdin  
-Rudolf Schlichter  
-Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin  
-Lead Belly  
-Bruce Nauman  
-Peter Handke  
-Eugène Brieux  
-Alain Tanner  
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