From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia

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Contents 1 Art and culture 2 Film 3 Births 3.1 January–March 3.2 April–June 3.3 July–September 3.4 October–December 3.5 Date unknown 4 Deaths 4.1 January–June 4.2 July–December

Art and culture

• Jack the Ripper strikes

• My Secret Life: An Erotic Diary of Victorian London (1888) - Anonymous

• Quaerens Quem Devoret (1888) - Jean-Léon Gérôme

• Starry Night over the Rhone (1888) - Van Gogh
• Démasquée (1888) - Akseli Gallen-Kallela

Film

• Roundhay Garden Scene
• Traffic Crossing Leeds Bridge
• Accordian Player
• Man Walking Around a Corner

Births

January–March

• January – Lead Belly, American folk singer (d. 1949)
• January 1 – Victor Goldschmidt, Swiss geochemist (d. 1947)
• January 8 – Matt Moore, Irish-born actor (d. 1960)
• January 18 – Thomas Sopwith, British aviation pioneer and yachtsman (d. 1989)
• January 24
  • Vicki Baum, Austrian writer (d. 1960)
  • Ernst Heinkel, German aircraft designer (d. 1958)
• February 2 – Frederick Lane, Australian swimmer (d. 1969)
• February 8 – Edith Evans, British actress (d. 1976)
• February 17 – Otto Stern, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1969)
• February 19
  • José Eustasio Rivera, Colombian writer (d. 1928)
  • Aurora Quezon, First Lady of the Philippines (d. 1949)
• February 20 – Georges Bernanos, French writer (d. 1948)
• February 23 – Huddie William Ledbetter (Lead Belly), American folk and blues musician (d. 1949)
• February 25 – John Foster Dulles, United States Secretary of State (d. 1959)
• February 27
  • Arthur Schlesinger, Sr., American historian (d. 1965)
  • Lotte Lehmann, German singer (d. 1976)
• March 1 – Ewart Astill, English cricketer (Leicestershire) (d. 1948)
• March 4 – Knute Rockne, American football player and coach (d. 1931)
• March 10 – Barry Fitzgerald, Irish actor (d. 1966)
• March 26 – Elsa Brändström, Russian nurse (d. 1948)
• March 29 – James E. Casey, founder of the United Parcel Service (d. 1983)
• March 30 – Anna Q. Nilsson, Swedish American silent film star (d. 1974)

April–June

• April 4
  • Tris Speaker, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 1958)
  • Zdzisław Żygulski, Sr., Polish literary historian (d. 1975)
• April 6
  • Hans Richter, German filmmaker (d. 1976)
  • Gerhard Richter, German historian (d. 1967)
• April 18 – Duffy Lewis, Major League Baseball player (d. 1979)
• April 26 – Anita Loos, American writer (d. 1981)
• April 27 – Florence La Badie, Canadian actress (d. 1917)
• May 10
  • Karl Barth, Protestant theologian (d. 1968)
  • Max Steiner, Austrian-American composer (d. 1971)
• May 11 – Irving Berlin, American composer (d. 1989)
• May 17 – Tich Freeman, English cricketer (d. 1965)
• May 23 – Zack Wheat, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 1972)
• May 25 – Miles Malleson, English actor (d. 1969)
• May 27 – Louis Durey, French composer (d. 1979)
• May 28 – Jim Thorpe, American athlete (d. 1953)
• May 31 – Jack Holt, American actor (d. 1951)
• June 3 – Tom Brown, American jazz musician (d. 1958)
• June 6 – Pete Wendling, American composer, pianist, and piano roll recording artist (d. 1974)
• June 9 – Ida Rentoul Outhwaite, Australian illustrator (d. 1960)
• June 13 – Fernando Pessoa, Portuguese writer (d. 1935)
• June 16 – Peter Stoner, American mathematician, astronomer and Christian apologist (d. 1980)
• June 24 – Gerrit Rietveld, Dutch architect (d. 1964)
• June 27 – Antoinette Perry, New York stage director, Tony Award named for her (d. 1946)
• June 29 – Joseph 'Squizzy' Taylor, Australian underworld figure (d. 1927)

July–September

• July 5 – Herbert Spencer Gasser, American physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1963)
• July 10 – Giorgio Chirico, Italian painter (d. 1978)
• July 16
  • Percy Kilbride, American actor (d. 1964)
  • Frits Zernike, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1966)
• July 17 – Shmuel Yosef Agnon, Israeli writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1970)
• July 22
  • Kirk Bryan, American geologist (d. 1950)
  • Selman Waksman, Ukrainian-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1973)
• July 23 – Raymond Chandler, American-born novelist (d. 1959)
• August 4 – Syedna Taher Saifuddin, Bohra spiritual leader (d. 1965)
• August 6
  • Stephen Galatti, Director of AFS, American Field Service (d. 1964)
  • Heinrich Schlusnus, German baritone (d. 1952)
• August 13
  • Gleb W. Derujinsky, Russian-American sculptor (d. 1975)
  • John Logie Baird, Scottish inventor (d. 1946)
• August 16
  • Armand J. Piron, American jazz musician (d. 1943)
  • T. E. Lawrence ("Lawrence of Arabia"), British liaison officer during the Arab Revolt, writer, and academic (d. 1935)
• August 25 – Allama Mashriqi, Pakistani scholar and politician (d. 1963)
• September 4 – Margaret Emma Henley, J. M. Barrie's inspiration for the name "Wendy" in Peter Pan (d. 1894)
• September 5 – Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, President of India (d. 1975)
• September 6 – Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr., American politician (d. 1969)
• September 12 – Maurice Chevalier, French singer and actor (d. 1972)
• September 16 – Frans Eemil Sillanpää, Finnish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1964)
• September 26
  • J. Frank Dobie, American folklorist and journalist (d. 1964)
  • T. S. Eliot, British (American-born) writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1965)

October–December

• October 6 – Roland Garros, French pilot (d. 1918)
• October 7 – Henry A. Wallace, Vice President of the United States (d. 1965)
• October 8 – Ernst Kretschmer, German psychiatrist (d. 1964)
• October 9 – Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin, Russian politician (d. 1938)
• October 16
  • Eugene O'Neill, American writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1953)
  • Paul Popenoe, American eugenicist (d. 1979)
• October 19 – Venkatarama Ramalingam Pillai, Indian Freedom Fighter, Tamil Poet (d. 1972)
• October 25 – Lester Cuneo, American actor (d. 1925)
• November 7 – Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, Indian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1970)
• November 15
  • Harald Sverdrup, Norwegian scientist (d. 1957)
  • José Raúl Capablanca, World chess champion 1921–1927 (d. 1942)
• November 16 – Luis Cluzeau Mortet, Uruguayan composer and musician (d. 1957)
• November 23 – Harpo Marx, American comedian (d. 1964)
• November 26 – Francisco Canaro, Uruguayan-born violinist and composer (d. 1964)
• November 28 – Edgar Church, American comic book collector (d. 1978)
• November 30 – Ralph Hartley, American electronics researcher and inventor (d. 1970)
• December 3 – Rabbi Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog, Polish-born Chief Rabbi of Ireland and of Israel (d. 1959)
• December 4 – King Alexander of Yugoslavia (d. 1934)
• December 6 – Will Hay, British actor and comedian (d. 1949)
• December 7 – Joyce Cary, Northern Irish author (d. 1957)
• December 16 – Alphonse Juin, Marshal of France (d. 1967)
• December 18
  • Robert Moses, American civil engineer, public works director, and highway and bridge builder (d. 1981)
  • Gladys Cooper, English actress, (d. 1971)
• December 19 – Fritz Reiner, Hungarian conductor (d. 1963)
• December 20 – Yitzhak Baer, German-born Israeli historian (d. 1980)
• December 28 – F.W. Murnau, German film director (d. 1931)

Date unknown

• Mariano Andreu, Spanish painter (d. 1976)
• Philip Francis Nowlan, science fiction writer, creator of the Buck Rogers character (d. 1940)

Deaths

January–June

• January 19 – Anton de Bary, German biologist (b. 1831)
• January 20 – William Pitt Ballinger, Texas lawyer, southern statesman (b. 1825)
• January 29 – Edward Lear, British artist and writer (b. 1812)
• January 31 – John Bosco, Italian priest, youth worker, educator and founder of the Salesian Society (b. 1815)
• February 3 – Henry Maine, British jurist (b. 1822)
• February 5 – Anton Mauve, Dutch painter (b. 1838)
• February 24 – Seth Kinman, American hunter and settler (b. 1815)
• March 6
  • Louisa May Alcott, American novelist (b. 1832)
  • Josif Pančić, Serbian botanist (b. 1814)
• March 9 – German Emperor Wilhelm I (b. 1797)
• March 12 – Henry Bergh, founder of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (b. 1811)
• March 16 – Hippolyte Carnot, French statesman (b. 1801)
• March 23 – Morrison Waite, Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1816)
• March 27 – Francesco Faà di Bruno, Italian mathematician (b. 1825)
• March 29 – Charles-Valentin Alkan, French composer and pianist (b. 1813)
• April 15 – Matthew Arnold, English poet (b. 1822)
• May 26 – Ascanio Sobrero, Italian chemist (b. 1812)
• June 15 – German Emperor Friedrich III (b. 1831)

July–December

• July 20 – Paul Langerhans, German pathologist and biologist (b. 1847)
• August 9 – Charles Cros, French poet (b. 1831)
• August 16 – John Stith Pemberton, American founder of Coca-Cola
• August 20 – Henry Richard, Welsh peace campaigner (b. 1812)
• August 23 – Philip Henry Gosse, British scientist (b. 1810)
• August 24 – Rudolf Clausius, German physicist, contributor to thermodynamics (b. 1822)
• September 6 – Lester Wallack, Theater Impresario (b. 1820)
• September 11 – Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, Politician, writer and father of education (b. 1811)
• September 24 – Karl von Prantl, German philosopher (b. 1820)
• October 16
  • John Wentworth, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1815)
  • Horatio Spafford, American author of the hymn "It Is Well With My Soul" (b. 1828)
• December 2 – Namık Kemal, Turkish patriotic poet, social reformer (b. 1840)
• December 3 – Carl Zeiss, Optician and founder of company now known as Carl Zeiss AG (b. 1816)
• December 31 – Samson Raphael Hirsch, German rabbi (b. 1808)