Catholic Church
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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It traces its origins to the [[Christianity]] founded by [[Jesus Christ]]. | It traces its origins to the [[Christianity]] founded by [[Jesus Christ]]. | ||
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==History== | ==History== |
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The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with 1.2 billion members worldwide.
It is also the largest single religious denomination in the world.
It traces its origins to the Christianity founded by Jesus Christ.
It has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilisation.
History
Catholic tradition and doctrine hold that the Catholic Church is the one true church founded by Jesus Christ in the 1st century AD in the province of Judea of the Roman Empire. The New Testament records Jesus' activities and teaching, his appointment of the twelve Apostles and his instructions to them to continue his work.
The Catholic Church teaches that the coming of the Holy Spirit upon the apostles, in an event known as Pentecost, signalled the beginning of the public ministry of the Catholic Church. Catholic doctrine teaches that the contemporary Catholic Church is the continuation of this early Christian community. It interprets the Confession of Peter found in the Gospel of Matthew as Christ's designation of Saint Peter the Apostle and his successors, the Bishops of Rome to be the temporal head of his Church, a doctrine known as apostolic succession.
See also
- Art in Roman Catholicism
- Rome's conversion to Christianity
- Saeculum obscurum
- Criticism of the Catholic Church
- Anti-clericalism
- Catholic guilt
- Catholic Legion of Decency
- Catholic theology of the body
- Catholic–Protestant Schism
- Contemptus mundi
- Index Librorum Prohibitorum
See also
- Magisterium
- Theology
- Secret Vatican Archives
- Catholicism and sexuality
- Folk Catholicism
- Anti-Catholicism