Burgundy
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
| Revision as of 17:08, 26 February 2024 Jahsonic (Talk | contribs) ← Previous diff |
Current revision Jahsonic (Talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| - | [[Image:View from the Window at Le Gras.jpg|thumb|200px|''[[View from the Window at Le Gras]]'' is one of [[Nicéphore Niépce]]'s earliest surviving photographs, circa [[1826]], take at Saint-Loup-de-Varennes, [[Burgundy]]]] | + | {| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 85%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:30em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5" |
| + | | style="text-align: left;" | | ||
| + | "The [[Burgundians]], when defeated by the [[Huns]], resolved, as a last resource, to place themselves under the protection of the Roman God whom they vaguely believed to be the most powerful, and the whole nation in consequence embraced [[Christianity]]."--''[[A History of European Morals from Augustus to Charlemagne]]'' (1869) by William Edward Hartpole Lecky | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | [[Image:View from the Window at Le Gras.jpg|thumb|200px|''[[View from the Window at Le Gras]]'', taken at [[Saint-Loup-de-Varennes]], [[Burgundy]]]] | ||
| {{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
| - | :''[[Burgundy (disambiguation)]]'' | + | '''Burgundy''' is a historical territory and former [[Regions of France|administrative region]] and province of east-central France. The province was once home to the [[Dukes of Burgundy]] from the early 11th until the late 15th century. The capital, [[Dijon]], was wealthy and powerful, being a major European centre of art and science, and of [[Western Monasticism]]. |
| - | '''Burgundy''' is one of the 27 [[regions of France|regions]] of [[France]]. | + | |
| - | The name comes from the [[Burgundians]], an ancient Germanic people who settled in the area in early Middle-age. The region of Burgundy is both larger than the old [[Duchy of Burgundy]] and smaller than the area ruled by the [[Duke of Burgundy|Dukes of Burgundy]], from actual Netherlands to the border of Auvergne. It is made up of the following old provinces: | + | In early Modern Europe, Burgundy was a focal point of courtly culture that set the fashion for European royal houses and their court. The [[Duchy of Burgundy]] was a key in the transformation of the [[Middle Ages]] toward [[early modern Europe]]. |
| - | * Burgundy: [[Côte-d'Or]], [[Saône-et-Loire]], and southern half of [[Yonne]]. This corresponds to the old [[Duke of Burgundy|duchy of Burgundy]] (later called ''province of Burgundy''). However, the old [[county of Burgundy]] (later called ''province of Franche-Comté'') is not included inside the Burgundy region, but it makes up the [[Franche-Comté]] region. Also, a small part of the duchy of Burgundy (province of Burgundy) is now inside the [[Champagne-Ardenne]] region. | + | |
| - | * [[Nivernais]]: now the [[Nièvre]] department | + | Upon the 9th-century partitions of the [[Kingdom of Burgundy]], the lands and remnants partitioned to the [[Kingdom of France]] were reduced to a ducal rank by King [[Robert II of France]] in 1004. The [[House of Burgundy]], a cadet branch of the [[House of Capet]], ruled over a territory that roughly conformed to the borders and territories of the modern administrative region of Burgundy. Upon the extinction of the Burgundian male line the duchy reverted to the [[King of France]] and the [[House of Valois]]. Following the marriage of [[Philip the Bold|Philip of Valois]] and [[Margaret III of Flanders]], the Duchy of Burgundy was absorbed into the Burgundian State alongside parts of the [[Low Countries]] which would become collectively known as the [[Burgundian Netherlands]]. Upon further acquisitions of the [[County of Burgundy]], [[Holland]], and [[Luxembourg]], the [[House of Valois-Burgundy]] came into possession of numerous French and imperial fiefs stretching from the western Alps to the North Sea, in some ways reminiscent of the [[Middle Frankish Kingdom|Middle Frankish]] realm of [[Lotharingia]]. |
| - | * the northern half of Yonne is a territory that was not part of Burgundy (at least not since the 11th century), and was a frontier between [[Champagne (province)|Champagne]], [[Île-de-France (province)|Île-de-France]], and [[Orléanais]], depending from each of these provinces at different times in history. | + | |
| + | The Burgundian State, in its own right, was one of the largest ducal territories that existed at the time of the emergence of Early [[Modern Europe]]. It was regarded as one of the major powers of the 15th century and the early 16th century. The [[Dukes of Burgundy]] were among the wealthiest and the most powerful princes in Europe and were sometimes called "Grand Dukes of the West". Through its possessions the Burgundian State was a major European centre of trade and commerce. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The extinction of the dynasty led to the absorption of the duchy itself into the French crown lands by King [[Louis XI]], while the bulk of the Burgundian possessions in the Low Countries passed to Duke [[Charles the Bold]]'s daughter, [[Mary of Burgundy|Mary]], and her Habsburg descendants. Thus the [[War of the Burgundian Succession|partition of the Burgundian heritage]] marked the beginning of the centuries-long [[French–Habsburg rivalry]] and played a pivotal role in European politics long after Burgundy had lost its role as an independent political identity. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Etymology== | ||
| + | == Etymology == | ||
| + | It is named for the [[Burgundians]], an [[Germanic peoples|East Germanic people]] who moved westwards beyond the [[Rhine]] during the late [[Roman Empire|Roman]] period. The name ''Burgundy'' has historically denoted numerous political entities. It first emerged in the 9th century as one of the successors of the ancient [[Kingdom of the Burgundians]], which after its conquest in 532 had formed a constituent part of the [[Frankish Empire]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Since the inception of the French [[Departments of France|departmental system]] in 1790, ''Burgundy'' has referred to the geographic area comprising the four departments of [[Côte-d'Or]], [[Saône-et-Loire]], [[Yonne]], and [[Nièvre]]. | ||
| - | The climate of this region is essentially oceanic, with a continental influence (some speaks about "half- continental climate"). | ||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| + | *[[Burgundy (disambiguation)]] | ||
| *[[Burgundian lifestyle]] | *[[Burgundian lifestyle]] | ||
| + | *[[Burgundy (wine)]] | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Current revision
|
"The Burgundians, when defeated by the Huns, resolved, as a last resource, to place themselves under the protection of the Roman God whom they vaguely believed to be the most powerful, and the whole nation in consequence embraced Christianity."--A History of European Morals from Augustus to Charlemagne (1869) by William Edward Hartpole Lecky |
|
Related e |
|
Featured: |
Burgundy is a historical territory and former administrative region and province of east-central France. The province was once home to the Dukes of Burgundy from the early 11th until the late 15th century. The capital, Dijon, was wealthy and powerful, being a major European centre of art and science, and of Western Monasticism.
In early Modern Europe, Burgundy was a focal point of courtly culture that set the fashion for European royal houses and their court. The Duchy of Burgundy was a key in the transformation of the Middle Ages toward early modern Europe.
Upon the 9th-century partitions of the Kingdom of Burgundy, the lands and remnants partitioned to the Kingdom of France were reduced to a ducal rank by King Robert II of France in 1004. The House of Burgundy, a cadet branch of the House of Capet, ruled over a territory that roughly conformed to the borders and territories of the modern administrative region of Burgundy. Upon the extinction of the Burgundian male line the duchy reverted to the King of France and the House of Valois. Following the marriage of Philip of Valois and Margaret III of Flanders, the Duchy of Burgundy was absorbed into the Burgundian State alongside parts of the Low Countries which would become collectively known as the Burgundian Netherlands. Upon further acquisitions of the County of Burgundy, Holland, and Luxembourg, the House of Valois-Burgundy came into possession of numerous French and imperial fiefs stretching from the western Alps to the North Sea, in some ways reminiscent of the Middle Frankish realm of Lotharingia.
The Burgundian State, in its own right, was one of the largest ducal territories that existed at the time of the emergence of Early Modern Europe. It was regarded as one of the major powers of the 15th century and the early 16th century. The Dukes of Burgundy were among the wealthiest and the most powerful princes in Europe and were sometimes called "Grand Dukes of the West". Through its possessions the Burgundian State was a major European centre of trade and commerce.
The extinction of the dynasty led to the absorption of the duchy itself into the French crown lands by King Louis XI, while the bulk of the Burgundian possessions in the Low Countries passed to Duke Charles the Bold's daughter, Mary, and her Habsburg descendants. Thus the partition of the Burgundian heritage marked the beginning of the centuries-long French–Habsburg rivalry and played a pivotal role in European politics long after Burgundy had lost its role as an independent political identity.
Etymology
Etymology
It is named for the Burgundians, an East Germanic people who moved westwards beyond the Rhine during the late Roman period. The name Burgundy has historically denoted numerous political entities. It first emerged in the 9th century as one of the successors of the ancient Kingdom of the Burgundians, which after its conquest in 532 had formed a constituent part of the Frankish Empire.
Since the inception of the French departmental system in 1790, Burgundy has referred to the geographic area comprising the four departments of Côte-d'Or, Saône-et-Loire, Yonne, and Nièvre.
See also
