1568  

From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia

The image breakers, c.1566 –1568 by Marcus Gheeraerts the Elder  The etching is also known as Allegory of Iconoclasm. Although not particularly sympathetic to the Calvinist image breakers, it is mainly critical of the Church. Thus the etching might have been the main reason why Gheeraerts had to flee to England in 1568. (British Museum, Dept. of Print and Drawings, 1933.1.1..3)

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Year 1568 (MDLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

Events of 1568

• March 23 – The Peace of Longjumeau ends the Second War of Religion in France. Again Catherine de' Medici and Charles IX make substantial concessions to the Huguenots.
• May 2 – Mary Queen of Scots escapes from Loch Leven Castle.
• May 13 – Battle of Langside: The forces of Mary Queen of Scots are defeated by a confederacy of Scottish Protestants under James Stewart, Earl of Moray, her half-brother.
• May 16 – Mary Queen of Scots flees to England.
• May 19 – Queen Elizabeth I of England arrests Mary Queen of Scots.
• May 23 – Battle of Heiligerlee: Troops under Louis of Nassau, brother of William I of Orange, defeat a smaller loyalist force under the Duke of Arenberg in an attempt to invade the Northern Netherlands.
• July 21 – Battle of Jemmingen: The main Spanish army of the Duke of Alva utterly defeats Louis of Nassau's invading army in the Northeastern Netherlands.
• August 18 – The Third War of Religion begins in France after an unsuccessful attempt by the Royalists to capture Condé and Coligny, the Huguenot leaders.

• September 29 – The Swedish king Eric XIV is dethroned and succeeded by his half-brother John III.
• October 5 – William of Orange invades the Southeastern Netherlands.
• October 20 – Battle of Jodoigne. Spanish forces under the Duke of Alva destroy Orange's rearguard. Orange abandons his offensive.

Undated

• The Russo-Ottoman War in Astrakhan begins.
• The Azuchi-Momoyama period begins in Japan.
• The Eighty Years' War begins.
• Peace of Adrianople: The Ottomans agree to pay tribute to the Habsburgs.
• Akbar the Great of the Mughal Empire besieges and captures the massive Chittorgarh Fort in northern India.
• Polybius' "The Histories" first translated in to English by Christopher Watson.<ref>Polybius: "The Rise Of The Roman Empire", Page 36, Penguin, 1979.</ref>
• Huguenots besieged Chartres.

Births

Template:Year in other calendars

• February 11 – Honoré d'Urfé, French writer (d. 1625)
• March 9 – Aloysius Gonzaga, Italian Jesuit and saint (d. 1591)
• April – Pope Urban VIII (d. 1644)
• September 3 – Adriano Banchieri, Italian composer (d. 1634)
• September 5 – Tommaso Campanella, Italian theologian and poet (d. 1639)
• October 2 – Marin Getaldić, Croatian scientist (d. 1626)
• date unknown
  • Nikolaus Ager, French botanist (d. 1634)
  • John Welsh of Ayr, Scottish Presbyterian leader
  • Barnabe Barnes, English poet (d. 1609)
  • Teodosio II, Duke of Braganza (d. 1630)
  • Edward Chichester, 1st Viscount Chichester (d. 1648)
  • Nakagawa Hidemasa, Japanese military leader (d. 1592)
  • Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxochitl, Mexican historian (d. 1648)
  • Gervase Markham, English poet and writer (d. 1637)
  • Edward Somerset, 4th Earl of Worcester (d. 1628)
  • Henry Wotton, English author and diplomat (d. 1639)
  • Wei Zhongxian, Grand Secretary of China (d. 1627)

Deaths

• January 15 – Catherine Carey, Chief Lady of the Bedchamber to Elizabeth I of England (b. c. 1526)
• January 20 – Myles Coverdale, English Bible translator (b. c. 1488)
• January 21 – Amato Lusitano, Portuguese physician (b. 1511)
• January 26 – Lady Catherine Grey, Countess of Hertford (b. 1539)
• February 15 – Henry, Count of Bréderode, Dutch reformer (b. 1531)
• March 20 – Duke Albert of Prussia (b. 1490)
• May 23 – Jean de Ligne, Duke of Aremberg (b. 1528)
• June 3 – Andrés de Urdaneta, Spanish Friar (b. 1498)
• June 5
  • Lamoral, Count of Egmont, Flemish statesman (b. 1522)
  • Philip de Montmorency, Count of Hoorn (b. c. 1524
• July 7 – William Turner, British ornithologist and botanist (b. 1508)
• July 24 – Don Carlos of Spain, son of Philip II of Spain (b. 1545)
• August 23 – Thomas Wharton, 1st Baron Wharton (b. 1495)
• September 22 – Jöran Persson, Swedish politician (b. c. 1530) (executed)
• October 3 – Elizabeth of Valois, Queen of Philip II of Spain (b. 1545)
• October 14 – Jacques Arcadelt, Flemish composer (b. 1504)
• October 28 – Ashikaga Yoshihide, Japanese shogun (b. 1538)
  • November 6 – Metropolitan German, archbishop of Kazan and later Metropolitan of Moscow
• December 23 – Roger Ascham, tutor of Elizabeth I of England (b. 1515)
• December 31 – Shimazu Tadayoshi, Japanese warlord (b. 1493)
• date unknown
  • Henry Sutton Dudley, English soldier and sailor (b. 1517)
  • Garcia de Orta, Portuguese Jewish physician (b. 1501)
  • Dirk Philips, early Anabaptist writer and theologian
  • Yan Song, Chinese prime minister (b. 1481)