User:Jahsonic/Deleted Oikema article from Wikipedia
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Oikema (pronounced oy'-kay-mah) Greek: οικημα meaning residence. The word is found once in the Bible in Acts 12:7 οἰκήματι which in Greek has no meaning and translates to: oikimati because it is two words οἰκήμα τι meaning what house. Oikos Greek: οἶκος is house. Greek: οἰκη is residence and Greek: οἰκ is Ecumenical. According to Strong's Concordance 3612 the original word is οἴκημα, ατος, τό Transliteration: oikéma. Phonetic Spelling: (oy'-kay-mah). Short Definition: a prison. Definition: a prison cell.
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Overview
Oikema is a building in architecture but also more precisely a room, chamber, cell and even a prison. It covers the fact, that an Oikema is a room where finer prostitutes could work from and where their customers could come an act out their plays for payment and in having an Oikema designed for the purpose then it would benefit both parties in the act of prostitution.
Art
Since an Oikema is a chamber, room, cell, house, buildings and it is related to Acts 12:7 through architecture in the Bible many artists have depicted this exact verse in the Bible over and over again.
Raphael did indeed paint Saint Peter in a painting called Deliverance of Saint Peter what looks like a prison and cell being freed by an angle. This painting is probably one of the most famous and it is located in The Vatican where St. Peter's Basilica is located.
Many other artists have done so and a good place to start exploring this topic is by reading about the Liberation of Saint Peter where there are references to paintings in art.
Literature
We naturally find such a room or chamber in literature and one such book is Ancient Manners also known as Aphrodite. In the book we meet a young woman working as a prostitute and her name is Chrysis. This book mentions another type of room/cell for the prostitute and that room or place is called a Porneion from the Greek word: πορνεία.
Architecture
In Architecture an Oikima is used to describe a house or building that is specially designed to be a whorehouse. In Acts 12:7 the word is translated to prison, cell, house, room, buildings. In Latin Vulgata οἰκήματι has been translated to: habitaculo which is not directly possible because οἰκήματι only exists as two words which then translates to Latin: quod domum. Meaning that house? So we are indeed talking about an architectural house. Greek: οἰκήμα τι is a question "what house?" so this can explain why different Bibles have translated to different words and meanings all from a prison to buildings.
Plato also uses the Greek word οἰκήματι which translates to house in context.
Prostitution in ancient Greece tells the story of woman, Hetaera, being kept and paid for as and indeed these women were in cells in the Porneio or Oikema and the Porneio was lower so the Oikema was a better place to work. Being a prostitute is being in prison both literally and metaphorically if you are not free to choose for yourself and are forced to work as a prostitute.
Claude Nicolas Ledoux created what is known as the Oikema project in French: ou projet de maison de plaisir and English: "proposed brothel" or "project of house of pleasure". It is an architectural building plan which has the shape of a phallus. They are and were unbuilt but known as The ideal villa Lime [Lime is a literal translation of chaux] - French: La villa idéale de Chaux.
Paulette Singley wrote "The Anamorphic Phallus within Ledoux's Dismembered Plan of Chaux" source Journal of Architectural Education (1984-) and here we read the word Oikéma being a pleasure house. Claude Nicolas Ledoux designed a house which had a purpose of housing prostitutes and in designing with this purpose would create an Oikema which was suitable both for the worker and for the visitor.
Oikema was designed as the ultimate brothel or bordel or pleasure house from a book by Carmen Buitenhuis: Ledoux' Oikéma: bordeelarchitectuur als weerspiegeling van de tijd Technische Universiteit Delft, 2008, 29 pages.
In the book: The art and architecture of Freemasonry the word is listed as: Oikima, at Chaux page 129, 174.
The Architecture of the French Enlightenment By Allan Braham mentions Oikema as the house of sexual instruction. An Oikema is indeed a building but a special functioning building namely for enlightenment in Human sexual activity and a house for Sexual intercourse or simply a Brothel where Prostitutes can work and the Oikema is designed with this special purpose in mind.
Theology
From Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, Volume 2 By G. Johannes Botterweck, Helmer Ringgren we read, that the origin of the name is from the Linear B tablets written wo-i-ko-de which is woikonde meaning "homeward". This word originated from the Indo-European root ueik-/uik-/uoiko- meaning "house, settlement". In Homeric epics oikos can be translated to: house, dwelling, cave (of the Cyclops), temple, palace, grave, treasure, treasure house, possessions, property, family, household. In early Greece in the Homeric epics two words are used to express the idea of "house, dwelling, family": oikos and oikia. Oikos was already known in the Mycenaean period (13th century B.C.).
The word Oikema is seen once in the Bible in Act 12:7. Acts 12:7Acts 12:7 (King James Version): "And, behold, the angel of the Lord came upon him, and a light shined in the prison: and he smote Peter on the side, and raised him up, saying, Arise up quickly. And his chains fell off from his hands."
Strong's #3612: oikema (pronounced oy'-kay-mah) from 3611; a tenement, i.e. (specially), a jail:--prison. Thayer's Greek Lexicon: oikēma 1) a dwelling place, habitation 2) euphemistically a prison.
Latin Vulgate: Acts 12:7 et ecce angelus Domini adstitit et lumen refulsit in habitaculo percussoque latere Petri suscitavit eum dicens surge velociter et ceciderunt catenae de manibus eius
The word οἰκήματι is used in Acts 12:7. The root of this word is οἰκήμα meaning residence.
In King James Bible the word "prison" is used but in Latin Vulgata the word "habitaculo" which is Latin: dwelling and Spanish: cabin. In New International Version of the Bible the word "cell" is used as in other Bible translations.
The Greek word for residence, habitaculo is: οικημα which phonetically sounds exactly like Oikema.
The only known remaining Athenian brothel is Building Z at Kerameikos related to Prostitution in ancient Greece.
The Greek word found in Acts 12:7 in the Bible is then indeed a building but it is a brothel - an Oikema. Acts 12:7 is mentioned as Liberation of Saint Peter but the house Peter is in a brothel as per the Greek word οἰκήματι (Oikema) meaning residence because in Architecture Oikema is known as a house of pleasure or more precisely a house with the sole purpose of learning sex or plainly buying a prostitute. Also the prostitutes were known to be located in cells or chambers/rooms in the better houses. The lower class prostitutes were found on the streets and used there and now without a dwelling or a house or a cell to act the sexual play.
In art we see the Deliverance of Saint Peter by Raphael also referring to Acts 12:7 with the angle and Saint peter is depicted in the Oikema as per Acts 12:7. Oikema are related to ancient Greek Porneion. A house of Oikema was considered better than that of Porneion as mentioned in Greek Prostitutes in the "Ancient Mediterranean, 800 BCE-200 CE" edited by Allison Glazebrook, Madeleine M. Henry.
See also
- Prostitution in Ancient Greece
- Primitive promiscuity
- Religious prostitution
- Liberation of Saint Peter
- Porneion
- Chrysis
References
- Greek Prostitutes in the Ancient Mediterranean, 800 BCE-200 CE edited by Allison Glazebrook, Madeleine M. Henry
- The Athenian Acropolis: History, Mythology, and Archaeology from the By Jeffrey M. Hurwit. Cambridge University Press
- Servants of the Gods: A Study in the Religion, History and Literature of By Borimir Jordan. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
