Post-Marxism
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| '''Post-Marxism''' has two related but different uses. Post-marxism can be used to refer to the situation in [[Eastern Europe]] and the ex-Soviet republics after the fall of the [[Soviet Union]], or it can be used to represent the theoretical work of [[philosopher]]s and [[Social theory|social theorists]] who have built their theories upon those of [[Karl Marx]] and [[Marxism|Marxists]] but exceeded the limits of those theories in ways that puts them outside of [[Marxism]]. Particularly, post-Marxism argues against [[derivationism]] and [[essentialism]] (for example, the state is not an instrument and does not ‘function’ unambiguously or relatively autonomously in the interests of a single class). | '''Post-Marxism''' has two related but different uses. Post-marxism can be used to refer to the situation in [[Eastern Europe]] and the ex-Soviet republics after the fall of the [[Soviet Union]], or it can be used to represent the theoretical work of [[philosopher]]s and [[Social theory|social theorists]] who have built their theories upon those of [[Karl Marx]] and [[Marxism|Marxists]] but exceeded the limits of those theories in ways that puts them outside of [[Marxism]]. Particularly, post-Marxism argues against [[derivationism]] and [[essentialism]] (for example, the state is not an instrument and does not ‘function’ unambiguously or relatively autonomously in the interests of a single class). | ||
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| + | ==History of post-Marxism== | ||
| + | {{Unreferenced section|date=July 2009}} | ||
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| + | Post-Marxism dates from the late 1960s; several trends and events of that period influenced its development. The weakness of the [[Russia]]n [[Communist]] [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] paradigm became evident beyond Russia. This happened concurrently with the occurrence internationally of the [[French May|student riots of 1968]], the rise of [[Maoism | Maoist theory]], and the proliferation of commercial [[television]], which covered in its broadcasts the [[Vietnam War]]. | ||
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| + | ===Semiology and discourse=== | ||
| + | When [[Roland Barthes]] began his sustained [[critique]] of [[mass culture]] via semiology — the science of signs — and the book ''[[Mythologies (book)|Mythologies]]'', some Marxist philosophers based their social criticism upon linguistics, semiotics, and discourse. Basing his approach on Barthes' work, [[Jean Baudrillard|Baudrillard]] wrote ''For a Critique of the Political Economy of the Sign'' (1972), criticizing contemporary [[Marxism]] for ignoring the [[sign value]] of its philosophic discourse. | ||
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| + | ==Important post-Marxists== | ||
| + | *[[Giorgio Agamben]] | ||
| + | *[[Michael Albert]] | ||
| + | *[[Tariq Ali]] | ||
| + | *[[Stanley Aronowitz]] | ||
| + | *[[Alain Badiou]] | ||
| + | *[[Étienne Balibar]] | ||
| + | *[[Jean Baudrillard]] | ||
| + | *[[Zygmunt Bauman]] | ||
| + | *[[Cornelius Castoriadis]] | ||
| + | *[[Gilles Deleuze]] | ||
| + | *[[Krisis Groupe]] | ||
| + | *[[Félix Guattari]] | ||
| + | *[[Jürgen Habermas]] | ||
| + | *[[Stuart Hall (cultural theorist)|Stuart Hall]] | ||
| + | *[[Ágnes Heller]] | ||
| + | *[[Paul Hirst]] | ||
| + | *[[Barry Hindess]] | ||
| + | *[[John Holloway (sociologist)|John Holloway]] | ||
| + | *[[Fredric Jameson]] | ||
| + | *[[Boris Yuliyevich Kagarlitsky]] | ||
| + | *[[Robert Kurz (philosopher)|Robert Kurz]] | ||
| + | *[[Ernesto Laclau]] | ||
| + | *[[Claude Lefort]] | ||
| + | *[[Jean-François Lyotard]] | ||
| + | *[[Chantal Mouffe]] | ||
| + | *[[Jean-Luc Nancy]] | ||
| + | *[[Antonio Negri]] | ||
| + | *[[Jacques Rancière]] | ||
| + | *[[Ernesto Screpanti]] | ||
| + | *[[Gayatri Spivak]] | ||
| + | *[[Alexander Tarasov]] | ||
| + | *[[Göran Therborn]] | ||
| + | *[[Alain Touraine]] | ||
| + | * [[Alberto Toscano]] | ||
| + | *[[Cornel West]] | ||
| + | *[[Slavoj Žižek]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==See also== | ||
| + | *''[[Arena (first series)]]'' | ||
| + | *[[Autonomism]] | ||
| + | *[[Budapest School (Lukács)]] | ||
| + | *[[Frankfurt School]] | ||
| + | *[[Marxism]] and [[Marxist philosophy]] | ||
| + | *[[Neo-Marxism]] | ||
| + | *[[Neo-Marxian economics]] | ||
| + | *''[[New Left Review]] '' | ||
| + | *[[Open Marxism]] | ||
| + | *[[Poststructuralism]] | ||
| + | *''[[Rethinking Marxism]]'' | ||
| + | *''[[Specters of Marx]]'' | ||
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Revision as of 11:45, 17 April 2014
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Featured: |
Post-Marxism has two related but different uses. Post-marxism can be used to refer to the situation in Eastern Europe and the ex-Soviet republics after the fall of the Soviet Union, or it can be used to represent the theoretical work of philosophers and social theorists who have built their theories upon those of Karl Marx and Marxists but exceeded the limits of those theories in ways that puts them outside of Marxism. Particularly, post-Marxism argues against derivationism and essentialism (for example, the state is not an instrument and does not ‘function’ unambiguously or relatively autonomously in the interests of a single class).
Contents |
History of post-Marxism
Post-Marxism dates from the late 1960s; several trends and events of that period influenced its development. The weakness of the Russian Communist Soviet paradigm became evident beyond Russia. This happened concurrently with the occurrence internationally of the student riots of 1968, the rise of Maoist theory, and the proliferation of commercial television, which covered in its broadcasts the Vietnam War.
Semiology and discourse
When Roland Barthes began his sustained critique of mass culture via semiology — the science of signs — and the book Mythologies, some Marxist philosophers based their social criticism upon linguistics, semiotics, and discourse. Basing his approach on Barthes' work, Baudrillard wrote For a Critique of the Political Economy of the Sign (1972), criticizing contemporary Marxism for ignoring the sign value of its philosophic discourse.
Important post-Marxists
- Giorgio Agamben
- Michael Albert
- Tariq Ali
- Stanley Aronowitz
- Alain Badiou
- Étienne Balibar
- Jean Baudrillard
- Zygmunt Bauman
- Cornelius Castoriadis
- Gilles Deleuze
- Krisis Groupe
- Félix Guattari
- Jürgen Habermas
- Stuart Hall
- Ágnes Heller
- Paul Hirst
- Barry Hindess
- John Holloway
- Fredric Jameson
- Boris Yuliyevich Kagarlitsky
- Robert Kurz
- Ernesto Laclau
- Claude Lefort
- Jean-François Lyotard
- Chantal Mouffe
- Jean-Luc Nancy
- Antonio Negri
- Jacques Rancière
- Ernesto Screpanti
- Gayatri Spivak
- Alexander Tarasov
- Göran Therborn
- Alain Touraine
- Alberto Toscano
- Cornel West
- Slavoj Žižek
See also
- Arena (first series)
- Autonomism
- Budapest School (Lukács)
- Frankfurt School
- Marxism and Marxist philosophy
- Neo-Marxism
- Neo-Marxian economics
- New Left Review
- Open Marxism
- Poststructuralism
- Rethinking Marxism
- Specters of Marx
