Play (activity)
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| + | [[Image:Ship of Fools by Jheronimus Bosch.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''[[Ship of Fools (painting)|Ship of Fools]]'' by Hieronymus Bosch]] | ||
| + | [[Image:Jean-Leon Gerome Pollice Verso.jpg|thumb|right|200px|This page '''{{PAGENAME}}''' is part of the ''[[bread and circuses]]'' series.<br> <small>Illustration: ''[[Pollice Verso (Gérôme)|Pollice Verso]]'' by Jean-Léon Gérôme, [[1872]]</small>]] | ||
| + | {| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 85%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:30em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5" | ||
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| + | "If you want something to [[Play (activity) |play]] with go and find yourself a [[toy]]." | ||
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| + | --"[[Tell It Like It Is (song)|Tell It Like It Is]]" (1966) by Davis and Diamond | ||
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| + | In [[psychology]] and [[ethology]], '''play''' is a range of [[free will|voluntary]], [[Motivation#Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation|intrinsically motivated]] [[activities]] normally associated with [[recreational]] [[pleasure]] and [[enjoyment]]. Play is most commonly associated with [[children]] and their juvenile-level activities, but play can also be a useful adult activity, and occurs among other higher-functioning (non-human) animals as well. | ||
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| + | Many of the most prominent researchers in the field of psychology (including [[Jean Piaget]], [[William James]], [[Sigmund Freud]], [[Carl Jung]] and [[Lev Vygotsky]]) have viewed play as [[endemic]] to the human species. These psychologists all had strong beliefs on how important play was on human development. Many research methods were performed to prove their theories. | ||
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| + | Play is often interpreted as [[frivolous]]; yet the player can be intently focused on their objective, particularly when play is structured and goal-oriented, as in a [[game]]. Accordingly, play can range from relaxed, free-spirited and spontaneous through frivolous to planned or even compulsive. Play is not just a pastime activity; it has the potential to serve as an important tool in numerous aspects of [[daily life]] for adolescents, adults, and cognitively advanced non-human species (such as primates). Not only does play promote and aid in physical development (such as [[hand-eye coordination]]), but it also aids in [[cognitive development]] and [[social skills]], and can even act as a stepping stone into the world of integration, which can be a very stressful process. | ||
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| + | ==See also== | ||
| + | *''[[Homo Ludens (book)|Homo Ludens]]'', 1938, Johan Huizinga. | ||
| + | * [[Toy]] | ||
| + | * [[Behavioral cusp]] | ||
| + | * [[Imaginary friend]] | ||
| + | * [[Géza Róheim]] | ||
| + | * [[Playground]] | ||
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Current revision
Illustration: Pollice Verso by Jean-Léon Gérôme, 1872
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"If you want something to play with go and find yourself a toy." --"Tell It Like It Is" (1966) by Davis and Diamond |
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In psychology and ethology, play is a range of voluntary, intrinsically motivated activities normally associated with recreational pleasure and enjoyment. Play is most commonly associated with children and their juvenile-level activities, but play can also be a useful adult activity, and occurs among other higher-functioning (non-human) animals as well.
Many of the most prominent researchers in the field of psychology (including Jean Piaget, William James, Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung and Lev Vygotsky) have viewed play as endemic to the human species. These psychologists all had strong beliefs on how important play was on human development. Many research methods were performed to prove their theories.
Play is often interpreted as frivolous; yet the player can be intently focused on their objective, particularly when play is structured and goal-oriented, as in a game. Accordingly, play can range from relaxed, free-spirited and spontaneous through frivolous to planned or even compulsive. Play is not just a pastime activity; it has the potential to serve as an important tool in numerous aspects of daily life for adolescents, adults, and cognitively advanced non-human species (such as primates). Not only does play promote and aid in physical development (such as hand-eye coordination), but it also aids in cognitive development and social skills, and can even act as a stepping stone into the world of integration, which can be a very stressful process.
See also
- Homo Ludens, 1938, Johan Huizinga.
- Toy
- Behavioral cusp
- Imaginary friend
- Géza Róheim
- Playground
