Marc-Antoine Laugier
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| + | The [[abbé]] '''Marc-Antoine Laugier''' (January 22, 1713 – April 5, 1769) was a [[Jesuit priest]] and [[architectural theorist]]. He was born in [[Manosque]], [[Provence]]. | ||
| - | *[[Jacob Spon]], ''Voyage d'Italie, de Dalmatie, de Grèce et du Levant'', 1678 | + | Laugier is best known for his ''[[Essay on Architecture]]'' published in 1753. In 1755 he published the second edition with a famous, often reproduced illustration of a [[primitive hut]]. His approach is to discuss some familiar aspects of Renaissance and post-Renaissance architectural practice, which he describes as 'faults'. These 'faults' induce his commentary on [[column]]s, the [[entablature]], and on [[pediment]]s. |
| - | *[[Sir George Wheler|George Wheler]], ''Journey into Greece'', 1682 | + | |
| - | *[[Richard Pococke]], ''A Description of the East and Some Other Countries'', 1743-5 | + | |
| - | *R. Dalton, ''Antiquities and Views in Greece and Egypt'', 1751 | + | |
| - | *[[Comte de Caylus]], ''[[Recueil d'antiquités]]'', 1752–67 | + | |
| - | *[[Marc-Antoine Laugier]] ''Essai sur l'architecture'', 1753 | + | |
| - | *J. J. Winkelmann, ''Gedanken uber die Nachahmung der griechischen Werke in der Malerei und Bildhauerkunst'', 1755 | + | |
| - | *J. D. LeRoy, ''[[Les Ruines des plus beaux monuments de la Grèce]]'', 1758 | + | |
| - | *[[James Stuart (1713-1788)|James Stuart]] and [[Nicholas Revett]], ''[[The Antiquities of Athens]]'', 1762–1816 | + | |
| - | *J. J. Winkelmann, ''Anmerkungen uber die Baukunst der alten Tempel zu Girgenti in Sicilien'', 1762 | + | |
| - | *J. J. Winkelmann, ''Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums'', 1764 | + | |
| - | *Thomas Major, ''The ruins of Paestum'', 1768 | + | |
| - | *Stephen Riou, ''The Grecian Orders'', 1768 | + | |
| - | *R. Chandler et al., ''Ionian Antiquities'', 1768-1881 | + | |
| - | *G. B. [[Giovanni Battista Piranesi|Piranesi]], ''Differentes vues...de Pesto'', 1778 | + | |
| - | *J. J. Barthelemy, ''Voyage du jeune Anarcharsis en Grèce dans le milieu du quatrième siecle avant l'ère vulgaire'', 1787 | + | |
| - | *[[William Wilkins (architect)|William Wilkins]], ''The Antiquities of Magna Grecia'', 1807 | + | |
| - | *[[Leo von Klenze]], ''Der Tempel des olympischen Jupiter zu Agrigent'', 1821 | + | |
| - | *S Agnell and T. Evens, ''Sculptured Metopes Discovered among the ruins of Selinus'', 1823 | + | |
| - | *[[Peter Oluf Brøndsted]], ''Voyages et recherches dans le Grèce'', 1826–30 | + | |
| - | *Otto Magnus Stackelberg, '' Der Apollotempel zu Bassae in Arcadien'', 1826 | + | |
| - | *J. I. Hittorff and L. von Zanth, '' Architecture antique de la sicile'', 1827 | + | |
| - | *C. R. Cockerell et al., ''Antiquities of Athens and other places of Greece, Sicily, etc.'', 1830 | + | |
| - | *A. Blouet, ''Expedition scientifique de Moree'', 1831-8 | + | |
| - | *F. Kugler, ''Uber die Polychromie der griechischen Architektur und Skulptur und ihr Grenze'', 1835 | + | |
| - | *C. R. Cockerell, ''The Temples of Jupiter Panhellenius at Aegina and of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae'', 1860 | + | |
| - | ====Architectural Pattern Books==== | + | Among faults he lists for columns are that of "being engaged in the wall", the use of [[pilaster]]s, incorrect [[entasis]] (swelling of the column), and setting columns on [[pedestal]]s. Being embedded in the wall detracts from the overall beauty and aesthetic nature of columns; Laugier states that columns should be free. He goes on to assert that the use of pilasters should strictly be frowned upon especially since in nearly every case columns could be used instead. The second fault is created by incorrect proportion, and the last he believes is more of an unintelligible design. Resting columns on pedestals, he says, is like adding a second set of legs beneath the first pair. |
| - | *[[Asher Benjamin]], ''The American Builder's Companion'', 1806 | + | |
| - | *Asher Benjamin, ''The Builder's Guide'', 1839 | + | The ''Essai sur l'Architecture'' includes his thoughts on several other topics, ranging from solidity, the different orders, and how to construct different buildings. |
| - | *Asher Benjamin, ''The Practical House Carpenter'', 1830 | + | |
| - | *Owen Biddle, ''The Young Carpenter's Assistant'', 1805 | + | With the collaboration of the journalist and theatre historian [[Antoine de Léris]] and Antoine Jacques Labbet, abbé de Morambert, he edited the first French review of music, ''Sentiment d'un harmonophile sur différents ouvrages de musique'' ("Amsterdam", i.e. Paris:Jombert, 1756). |
| - | *William Brown, ''The Carpenter's Assistant'', 1848 | + | |
| - | *[[Minard Lafever]], ''The Young Builder's General Instructor'', 1829 | + | Laugier died, aged 56, in [[Paris]]. |
| - | *Minard Lafever, ''The Beauties of Modern Architecture'', 1833 | + | |
| - | *Thomas U. Walter, ''Two Hundred Designs for Cottages and Villas'', 1846. | + | |
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The abbé Marc-Antoine Laugier (January 22, 1713 – April 5, 1769) was a Jesuit priest and architectural theorist. He was born in Manosque, Provence.
Laugier is best known for his Essay on Architecture published in 1753. In 1755 he published the second edition with a famous, often reproduced illustration of a primitive hut. His approach is to discuss some familiar aspects of Renaissance and post-Renaissance architectural practice, which he describes as 'faults'. These 'faults' induce his commentary on columns, the entablature, and on pediments.
Among faults he lists for columns are that of "being engaged in the wall", the use of pilasters, incorrect entasis (swelling of the column), and setting columns on pedestals. Being embedded in the wall detracts from the overall beauty and aesthetic nature of columns; Laugier states that columns should be free. He goes on to assert that the use of pilasters should strictly be frowned upon especially since in nearly every case columns could be used instead. The second fault is created by incorrect proportion, and the last he believes is more of an unintelligible design. Resting columns on pedestals, he says, is like adding a second set of legs beneath the first pair.
The Essai sur l'Architecture includes his thoughts on several other topics, ranging from solidity, the different orders, and how to construct different buildings.
With the collaboration of the journalist and theatre historian Antoine de Léris and Antoine Jacques Labbet, abbé de Morambert, he edited the first French review of music, Sentiment d'un harmonophile sur différents ouvrages de musique ("Amsterdam", i.e. Paris:Jombert, 1756).
Laugier died, aged 56, in Paris.
