List of subcultures
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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- | In [[sociology]], [[anthropology]] and [[cultural studies]], a '''subculture''' is a set of people with a set of behaviors and beliefs, [[culture]], which could be distinct or hidden, that differentiate them from the larger culture to which they belong. If the subculture is characterized by a systematic opposition to the dominant culture, then it may be described as a [[counterculture]]. | + | |
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- | As early as 1950 (p.361) [[David Riesman]] distinguished between a [[majority]], "which [[submission|passively accepted]] [[commercial]]ly provided styles and meanings, and a 'subculture' which actively sought a [[minority]] style...and interpreted it in accordance with [[subversion|subversive]] [[values]]" (Middleton 1990). | + | |
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- | [[Sarah Thornton]] (1995), after [[Pierre Bourdieu]] (1986), described '''subcultural capital''' as the cultural knowledge and commodities acquired by members of a subculture, raising their status and helping differentiate themselves from members of other groups, while Roe (1990) uses the term '''symbolic capital'''. | + | |
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- | It is important to mention that there is a subtle difference between a [[counterculture]] and a subculture. A subculture is an at least somewhat integrated component of a society, though clearly separated, while a counterculture is actively and openly opposed to many of the characteristics of a society. | + | |
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- | == Origin of the term == | + | |
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- | The term ''subculture'' began to figure in anthropological and sociological writing around [[1945]]. The concept has been most generally adopted by scholars of [[delinquency]] says [[Pat Rogers]] in [[Grub Street: studies in a subculture]] (1972). | + | |
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- | Since the late 1970s, the study and concept of subculture - through the influence of the [[CCCS]] - has largely been focused on an awareness of style and differences in [[style]], in clothing, music or other cultural areas. | + | |
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- | == Etymology == | + | |
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- | [[1886]], in ref. to bacterial cultures, from ''[[sub]]''- + ''[[culture]]''. [[1936]] in ref. to humans. | + | |
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- | ==Sources== | + | |
- | *Hebdige, Dick (1979). ''[[Subculture: The Meaning of Style]]'' (Routledge, March 10, 1981; softcover ISBN 0-415-03949-5). | + | |
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- | == See also == | + | |
- | *[[History of subcultures in the 19th century]] | + | |
- | *[[History of subcultures in the 20th century]] | + | |
- | * [[List of subcultures]] | + | |
- | * [[Popular culture]] | + | |
- | * [[Underclass]] | + | |
- | * [[Urban culture]] | + | |
- | * [[Urban sociology]] | + | |
- | * [[Youth subculture]] | + | |
- | * [[Art world]] | + | |
- | * [[Adolescence]] | + | |
- | * [[Folk culture]] | + | |
- | * [[History of Western subcultures in the 20th Century|History of Western subcultures in the 20th century]] | + | |
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- redirectsubculture