Mikhail Gorbachev
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| + | "General Secretary [[Mikhail Gorbachev|Gorbachev]], if you seek [[peace]], if you seek [[prosperity]] for the [[Soviet Union]] and [[Eastern Europe]], if you seek [[liberalization]]: Come here to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, [[tear down this wall!]]"--[[Ronald Reagan]] to [[Mikhail Gorbachev]], Friday, [[June 12]], [[1987]] | ||
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| - | ''[[Discussing the Divine Comedy with Dante]]'' is a painting by [[Dai Dudu]], [[Li Tiezi]], and [[Zhang An]] depicting 103 [[cultural icon]]s. It was released without credits on the internet in [[2006]] as a kind of [[literary mystification]] and became an [[internet phenomenon]] in early [[2009]]. | ||
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| - | The painting's antecedents are ''[[Disputation of the Holy Sacrament]]'' (1508/1509) and ''[[The School of Athens]]'' (1509/1510) or ''[[The Parnassus]]'' all by [[Raphael]]. Here[http://i.gae.ro/painting/] is a list with all the visual sources. | ||
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| - | 1. [[Socrates]] | ||
| - | 2. [[Cui Jian]] (father of [[Chinese rock music]] | ||
| - | 3. [[Vladimir Lenin]] | ||
| - | 4. [[Prince Charles]] | ||
| - | 5. [[Ramses]] or [[King Solomon]] or [[Sinuhe]] of [[Egypt]] | ||
| - | 6. [[Bill Clinton]] | ||
| - | 7. [[Peter the Great]] | ||
| - | 8. [[Charles de Gaulle]] | ||
| - | 9. [[Margaret Thatcher]] | ||
| - | 10. [[Ulysses S. Grant]] | ||
| - | 18. [[Bill Clinton]] | ||
| - | 11. [[Bruce Lee]] | ||
| - | 12. [[Winston Churchill]] | ||
| - | 13. [[Raphael Sanzio]] or [[Matisse]] (French Painter) | ||
| - | 14. [[Robert Oppenheimer]] | ||
| - | 15. [[Elvis Presley]] | ||
| - | 16. [[William Shakespeare]] | ||
| - | 17. [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] | ||
| - | 18. [[Genghis Kahn]] | ||
| - | 19. [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] | ||
| - | 20. [[Che Guevara]] | ||
| - | 21. [[Fidel Castro]] | ||
| - | 22. [[Marlon Brando]] | ||
| - | 23. [[Lao zi]] or [[Hokusai]] | ||
| - | 24. [[Marilyn Monroe]] | ||
| - | 25. [[Yassar Arafat]] | ||
| - | 26. [[Julius Caesar]] | ||
| - | 27. [[Mike Tyson]] | ||
| - | 28. [[George W. Bush]] | ||
| - | 29. [[Luciano Pavarotti]] | ||
| - | 30. [[Salvador Dali]] | ||
| - | 31. [[Empress CiXi]] | ||
| - | 32. [[Liu Xiang]] | ||
| - | 33. [[Kofi Annan]] | ||
| - | 34. [[Prince Charles]] | ||
| - | 35. [[Ariel Sharon]] | ||
| - | 36. [[Ho Chi Minh]] or [[Qi Baishi]] | ||
| - | 37. [[Osama Bin Laden]] | ||
| - | 38. [[Qin Shi Huang]] | ||
| - | 39. [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] | ||
| - | 40. [[Mother Teresa]] | ||
| - | 41. [[Song Qingling]] | ||
| - | 42. [[Otto Von Bismarck]] | ||
| - | 43. [[Saint Peter or Rabindranath Tagore]] | ||
| - | 44. [[Li ZhenSheng]] | ||
| - | 45. [[Voltaire]] | ||
| - | 46. [[President Hu Jintao]] | ||
| - | 47. [[Dante Alighieri]] or [[Julius Caesar]] | ||
| - | 48. [[Pu-Yi or Dai Dudu]] | ||
| - | 49. [[Saloth Sar]] | ||
| - | 50. [[Yi Sun-sin líder]] or [[Yue Fei]] | ||
| - | 51. [[Michael Angelo]] | ||
| - | 52. [[Hideki Tojo]] or [[Hiro Hito]] | ||
| - | 53. [[Michael Jordan]] | ||
| - | 54. [[Dwight Eisenhower]] or [[John Calvin Coolidge]] | ||
| - | 55. [[Corneliu Baba]] | ||
| - | 56. [[Claude Monet]] | ||
| - | 57. [[Mahatma Ghandi]] | ||
| - | 58. [[Vincent Van Gogh]] | ||
| - | 59. [[Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec]] | ||
| - | 60. [[Marcel Duchamp]] | ||
| - | 61. [[Confucius]] | ||
| - | 62. [[Noah]] | ||
| - | 63. [[Li Bai]]or [[Caravaggio]] | ||
| - | 64. [[Mao Zhedong]] | ||
| - | 65. [[Johan Wolfgang von Goethe]] | ||
| - | 66. [[Zhou Enlai]] | ||
| - | 67. [[Marie Curie]] | ||
| - | 68. [[Abraham Lincoln]] | ||
| - | 69. [[Pablo Picasso]] | ||
| - | 70. [[Steven Spielberg]] | ||
| - | 71. [[Friedrich Nietzsche]] | ||
| - | 72. [[Karl Marx]] | ||
| - | 73. [[Leonardo Da Vinci]] | ||
| - | 74. [[Josef Stalin]] | ||
| - | 75. [[Queen Elizabeth II]] | ||
| - | 76. [[Lu Xun]] | ||
| - | 77. [[Jose Francisco San Martín]] | ||
| - | 78. [[Deng Xiaoping]] | ||
| - | 79. [[Sun Yat-Sen]] | ||
| - | 80. [[Theodore Roosevelt]] or [[George Custer]] or [[Maxim Gorky]] or [[Philippe Pétain]] | ||
| - | 81. [[Saddam Hussein]] | ||
| - | 82. [[Benito Mussolini]] | ||
| - | 83. [[Adolf Hitler]] | ||
| - | 84. [[Guan Yu]] | ||
| - | 85. [[Pele]] | ||
| - | 86. [[Bill Gates]] | ||
| - | 87. [[Audrey Hepburn]] | ||
| - | 88. [[Ludwig Van Beethoven]] or [[Chopin]] | ||
| - | 89. [[Charlie Chaplin]] | ||
| - | 90. [[Henry Ford]] | ||
| - | 91. [[Lei Feng]] | ||
| - | 92. [[Victor Babes]] or [[Norman Bethun]] | ||
| - | 93. [[Mike Tyson]] | ||
| - | 94. [[Sigmund Freud]] | ||
| - | 95. [[Erich Honecker]] | ||
| - | 96. [[Vladimir Putin]] | ||
| - | 97. [[Charles Dodgson]] (aka [[Lewis Caroll]]) | ||
| - | 98. [[Shirley Temple]] | ||
| - | 99. [[Chang Kai Chek]] | ||
| - | 100. [[Leo Tolstoy]] | ||
| - | 101. [[Albert Einstein]] | ||
| - | 102. [[Ernest Hemingway]] | ||
| - | 103. [[Franklin Roosevelt]] | ||
| - | 104. Woman from photograph by [[Cartier Bresson]] or [[Mother Teresa]] | ||
| - | 105. [[Dolly (the cloned sheep)]] | ||
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| + | '''Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev''' (1931 – 2022) was a [[Soviet politician]] who served as a [[leader]] of the [[Soviet Union]]. He was [[President of the Soviet Union]] from 1990 until [[dissolution of the Soviet Union|the country's dissolution]] in 1991. Ideologically, Gorbachev initially adhered to [[Marxism–Leninism]], but moved towards [[social democracy]] by the early 1990s. | ||
| + | Widely considered one of the most significant figures of the second half of the 20th century, Gorbachev remains the subject of controversy. The recipient of a wide range of awards, including the [[Nobel Peace Prize]], he was praised for his role in ending the [[Cold War]], introducing new political and economic freedoms in the Soviet Union, and tolerating both the fall of Marxist–Leninist administrations in eastern and central Europe and the [[reunification of Germany]]. Conversely, in Russia and other former Soviet states, he is often derided for accelerating the Soviet dissolution—an event which weakened Russia's global influence and precipitated an [[1998 Russian financial crisis|economic collapse]]. His legacy is also questioned in Kazakhstan, Georgia, Latvia, Lithuania and Azerbaijan, pointing on his responsibility in [[Jeltoqsan]], [[Tbilisi massacre]], [[the Barricades]], [[January Events (Lithuania)|January Events]] and [[Black January]]. | ||
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"General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization: Come here to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!"--Ronald Reagan to Mikhail Gorbachev, Friday, June 12, 1987 |
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Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (1931 – 2022) was a Soviet politician who served as a leader of the Soviet Union. He was President of the Soviet Union from 1990 until the country's dissolution in 1991. Ideologically, Gorbachev initially adhered to Marxism–Leninism, but moved towards social democracy by the early 1990s.
Widely considered one of the most significant figures of the second half of the 20th century, Gorbachev remains the subject of controversy. The recipient of a wide range of awards, including the Nobel Peace Prize, he was praised for his role in ending the Cold War, introducing new political and economic freedoms in the Soviet Union, and tolerating both the fall of Marxist–Leninist administrations in eastern and central Europe and the reunification of Germany. Conversely, in Russia and other former Soviet states, he is often derided for accelerating the Soviet dissolution—an event which weakened Russia's global influence and precipitated an economic collapse. His legacy is also questioned in Kazakhstan, Georgia, Latvia, Lithuania and Azerbaijan, pointing on his responsibility in Jeltoqsan, Tbilisi massacre, the Barricades, January Events and Black January.
