Collusion
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| - | [[Image:Index Librorum Prohibitorum.jpg|thumb|200px|right|The '''''Index Librorum Prohibitorum''''' ("[[banned books|List of Prohibited Books]]") is a list of publications which the [[Catholic|Catholic Church]] [[censorship|censored]] for being a [[danger]] to itself and the faith of its members. The various [[edition]]s also contain the rules of the [[Church]] relating to the reading, selling and censorship of books. The aim of the list was to prevent the reading of [[morality|immoral]] books or works containing [[theology|theological]] errors and to prevent the [[corruption]] of the faithful.]] | ||
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| - | '''Corruption''' is a general concept describing any organized, interdependent system in which part of the system is either not performing duties it was originally intended to, or performing them in an improper way, to the detriment of the system's original purpose. | ||
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| - | #The act of corrupting or of impairing integrity, virtue, or moral principle; the state of being corrupted or debased; loss of purity or integrity; depravity; wickedness; impurity; bribery. | ||
| - | #:''It was necessary, by exposing the gross '''corruptions''' of monasteries, . . . to exite popular indignation against them.'' — [[Arthur Hallam|Hallam]] | ||
| - | #:''They abstained from some of the worst methods of '''corruption''' usual to their party in its earlier days.'' — [[Bancroft]] | ||
| - | #*'''Usage note:''' Corruption, when applied to officers, trustees, etc., signifies the inducing a violation of duty by means of pecuniary considerations. — [[Abbott]] | ||
| - | #The act of corrupting or making [[putrid]], or state of being [[corrupt]] or putrid; decomposition or disorganization, in the process of putrefaction; [[putrefaction]]; [[deterioration]]. | ||
| - | #The product of corruption; putrid matter. | ||
| - | #The [[decomposition]] of biological matter. | ||
| - | #(''computing'') The destruction of data by manipulation of parts of it, usually a result of imperfections in storage or transmission media which randomly alter parts of the data. | ||
| - | #The act of changing, or of being changed, for the worse; departure from what is pure, simple, or correct; as, a corruption of style; corruption in language. | ||
| - | #(''linguistics'') A word that has adopted from another language but whose spelling has been changed through misunderstanding, transcription error, mishearing, etc. | ||
| - | # Something that is evil but is supposed to be good. | ||
| - | #:''The inducing and accelerating of putrefaction is a subject of very universal inquiry; for '''corruption''' is a reciprocal to generation.'' — [[Francis Bacon|Francis Bacon]]. | ||
| - | #Parts of a [[machine]] can be ''corrupted'', meaning broken. | ||
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| - | ====Synonyms==== | ||
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| - | *(''act of corrupting or making [[putrid]]''): [[adulteration]], [[contamination]], [[debasement]], [[defilement]], [[dirtying]], [[soiling]], [[tainting]] | ||
| - | *(''state of being [[corrupt]] or putrid''): [[decay]], [[decomposition]], [[deterioration]], [[putrefaction]], [[rotting]] | ||
| - | *(''product of corruption; putrid matter''): [[decay]], [[putrescence]], [[rot]] | ||
| - | *(''act of impairing integrity, virtue or moral principle''): | ||
| - | *(''state of being corrupted or debased''): [[debasement]], [[depravity]], [[evil]], [[impurity]], [[sinfulness]], [[wickedness]] | ||
| - | *(''bribery''): [[bribery]] | ||
| - | *(''act of changing for the worse''): [[deterioration]], [[worsening]] | ||
| - | *(''act of being changed for the worse''): [[destroying]], [[ruining]], [[spoiling]] | ||
| - | *(''departure from what is pure or correct''): [[deterioration]], [[erosion]] | ||
| - | *(''word adopted from another language whose spelling has been changed''): | ||
| - | <!--where might these go? | ||
| - | *[[deprivation] | ||
| - | *[[debasement]] | ||
| - | *[[taint]] | ||
| - | --> | ||
| - | ==Etymology== | ||
| - | The word '''corrupt''' (Middle English, from Latin ''corruptus'', past participle of ''corrumpere'', to destroy : ''com-'', [[intensive]] pref. and ''rumpere'', to break) when used as an adjective literally means "utterly broken". In modern English usage the words '''corruption''' and '''corrupt''' have many meanings: | ||
| - | ==Contexts== | ||
| - | * [[Political corruption]], the abuse of public power, office, or resources by government officials or employees for personal gain, e.g. by extortion, soliciting or offering bribes | ||
| - | * [[Police corruption]], a specific form of police misconduct designed to obtain financial benefits, other personal gain, and/or career advancement for a police officer or officers in exchange for not pursuing, or selectively pursuing, an investigation or arrest | ||
| - | * [[Corporate corruption]], corporate criminality and the abuse of power by corporation officials, either internally or externally, including the fact that police obstruct justice. | ||
| - | * [[Corruption (philosophical concept)]], often refers to spiritual or moral impurity, or deviation from an ideal | ||
| - | * [[Corruption Perceptions Index]], published yearly by Transparency International | ||
| - | * [[Putrefaction]], the natural process of decomposition in the human and animal body following death<!-- re the previous version of this: Not sure about plants etc (bio-matter), the current version of [[Putrefaction]] specifically doesn't say so. --> | ||
| - | * [[Data corruption]], an unintended change to data in storage or in transit | ||
| - | * [[Corruption (linguistics)|Linguistic corruption]], the change in meaning to a language or a text introduced by cumulative errors in transcription as changes in the language speakers' comprehension | ||
| - | * [[Bribery]] in politics, business, or sport | ||
| - | * [[Rule of law]], governmental corruption of judiciary, includes governmental spending on the courts, which is completely financially controlled by the executive in many transitional and developing countries | ||
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| - | ==Institutions dealing with political corruption== | ||
| - | * [[Transparency International]], a non-governmental organization that monitors and publicizes corporate and political corruption in international development | ||
| - | * [[Global Witness]], an international NGO established in 1993 that works to break the links between natural resource exploitation, conflict, poverty, corruption, and human rights abuses worldwide | ||
| - | * [[Group of States Against Corruption]], a body established under the Council of Europe to monitor the implementation of instruments adopted by member states to combat political corruption | ||
| - | * [[Independent Commission Against Corruption (disambiguation)]] | ||
| - | <!--* [[Anti-Corruption Trust of Southern Africa]] (ACT-Southern Africa)--> | ||
| - | *[[TrustLaw]], a service of the Thomson Reuters Foundation is a global hub for free legal assistance and news and information on anti-corruption | ||
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| - | ==Entertainment with corruption themes== | ||
| - | * [[Metroid Prime 3: Corruption]], a 2007 Wii game | ||
| - | * [[Corrupt (film)]], a 1981 film starring Harvey Keitel and John Lydon | ||
| - | * [[Corruption (1933 film)]], a 1933 American film directed by Charles E. Roberts | ||
| - | * [[Corrupt (1999 film)]], a 1999 film starring Ice-T and Silkk The Shocker | ||
| - | * [[Corrupt (Angel)]], an unproduced teleplay written for the television program ''Angel'' | ||
| - | * [[Kurupt]] (born 1972), rapper | ||
| - | * [[Corruption (video game)]], a 1988 computer game by Magnetic Scrolls | ||
| - | * [[Corrupted (band)]], a Japanese doom-metal band | ||
| - | * [[Corruption (film)]], a 1968 British film directed by Robert Hartford-Davis | ||
| - | * [[Fable II|Fable Series]], for the Xbox 360 | ||
| - | * Chaorruption, a form of corruption caused by Drakath and his 13 Lords of Chaos in Artix Entertainment's MMORPG, [[AdventureQuest Worlds]] | ||
| - | * Tagore, a telugu chiranjeevi film | ||
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| - | ==See also== | ||
| - | * [[Collusion]], an agreement between two or more persons, sometimes illegal and therefore secretive, to limit open competition by deceiving, misleading, or defrauding others of their legal rights, or to obtain an objective forbidden by law typically by defrauding or gaining an unfair advantage | ||
| - | * [[Corruption by country]], varies in different countries | ||
| - | * [[Constitutional economics]], a research program in economics and constitutionalism that has been described as extending beyond the definition of 'the economic analysis of constitutional law' in explaining the choice "of alternative sets of legal-institutional-constitutional rules that constrain the choices and activities of economic and political agents | ||
| - | * [[Civil society]], composed of the totality of voluntary civic and social organizations and institutions that form the basis of a functioning society, as distinct from the force-backed structures of a state (regardless of that state's political system) and commercial institutions of the market | ||
| - | * [[Independence of the judiciary]], the idea that the judiciary needs to be kept away from the other branches of government | ||
| - | * [[John Hoyle]] | ||
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| + | '''Collusion''' is an agreement between two or more persons, sometimes [[illegal]] and therefore secretive, to limit open [[competition]] by deceiving, misleading, or defrauding others of their legal rights, or to obtain an objective forbidden by law typically by defrauding or gaining an unfair advantage. | ||
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Revision as of 21:35, 2 April 2011
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Collusion is an agreement between two or more persons, sometimes illegal and therefore secretive, to limit open competition by deceiving, misleading, or defrauding others of their legal rights, or to obtain an objective forbidden by law typically by defrauding or gaining an unfair advantage.
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Collusion" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
