Chivalry
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| “If I do not complain of the pain," says [[Don Quixote]], after the disastrous chance of the windmills, “it is because a [[knight-errant]] must never complain of his wounds, though his bowels were dropping out through them."--''[[The History of Chivalry]]'' (1826) by Charles Mills | “If I do not complain of the pain," says [[Don Quixote]], after the disastrous chance of the windmills, “it is because a [[knight-errant]] must never complain of his wounds, though his bowels were dropping out through them."--''[[The History of Chivalry]]'' (1826) by Charles Mills | ||
| <hr> | <hr> | ||
| - | “If I do not complain of the [[pain]]," says [[Don Quixote]], after the disastrous chance of the [[windmills]], “it is because a [[knight-errant]] must never complain of his [[wounds]], though his [[bowels]] were dropping out through them."--''[[The History of Chivalry]]'' (1826) by Charles Mills | + | "The works of [[Claude-François Ménestrier |Menestrier]] and [[Marcus Vulson de la Colombière|Colombiere]] sleep in the dust of a few ancient libraries; and there are only two other books whose express and entire object is a delineation of the Institutions of [[chivalry]] [...] ''[[Mémoires sur l'ancienne chevalerie]]'' (1759) [and] ''[[Ritterzeit und Ritterwesen]]'' (1823)."--''[[The History of Chivalry]]'' (1826) by Charles Mills |
| <hr> | <hr> | ||
| "The memory of these devastations, for [[Abderame]] did not spare the country or the people, was long preserved by tradition; and the invasion of France by the [[Moors]] or Mahometans affords the ground-work of those [[fables]] which have been so wildly disfigured in the romances of [[chivalry]] and so elegantly adorned by the Italian muse."--''[[The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire]]'' (1776-89) by Edward Gibbon | "The memory of these devastations, for [[Abderame]] did not spare the country or the people, was long preserved by tradition; and the invasion of France by the [[Moors]] or Mahometans affords the ground-work of those [[fables]] which have been so wildly disfigured in the romances of [[chivalry]] and so elegantly adorned by the Italian muse."--''[[The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire]]'' (1776-89) by Edward Gibbon | ||
| <hr> | <hr> | ||
| "There is no doubt that a [[hero]] must be [[brave]] and [[kindness|kind]]; therefore, in a story he must have occasion to exercise his [[chivalry]], and the most [[picturesque]] way of doing so is in the service of the [[heroine]]. Hence it is necessary that there should be a [[damsel in distress]]."--''[[Short Studies in Character]]'' (1894) by Sophie Bryant | "There is no doubt that a [[hero]] must be [[brave]] and [[kindness|kind]]; therefore, in a story he must have occasion to exercise his [[chivalry]], and the most [[picturesque]] way of doing so is in the service of the [[heroine]]. Hence it is necessary that there should be a [[damsel in distress]]."--''[[Short Studies in Character]]'' (1894) by Sophie Bryant | ||
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| + | "THE Word ''[[romantic]]'' has been lately introduced in Germany to designate that kind of poetry which is derived from the songs of the [[Troubadour]]s; that which owes its birth to the union of [[chivalry]] and [[Christianity]]."--''[[On Germany]]'' (1813) by Madame de Staël | ||
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| [[Image:Don Quixote and Sancho Pansa by Honoré Daumier.jpg|thumb|200px|right|''[[Don Quixote (Honoré Daumier, Neue Pinakothek)|Don Quixote]]'' (c. 1868) by Honoré Daumier]] | [[Image:Don Quixote and Sancho Pansa by Honoré Daumier.jpg|thumb|200px|right|''[[Don Quixote (Honoré Daumier, Neue Pinakothek)|Don Quixote]]'' (c. 1868) by Honoré Daumier]] | ||
| + | [[Image:Allegory of Chastity by Memling.jpg|thumb|200px|''[[Allegory of Chastity (Hans Memling)|Allegory of Chastity]]'' (1475) by Hans Memling]] | ||
| {{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
| '''Chivalry''' is a term related to the [[medieval]] institution of [[knighthood]] which has an aristocratic military origin of individual training and service to others. It is usually associated with ideals of [[knightly virtues]], [[honour|honor]] and [[courtly love]]: "the source of the chivalrous idea," remarked [[Johan Huizinga]], who devoted several chapters of ''[[The Autumn of the Middle Ages|The Waning of the Middle Ages]]'' to chivalry and its effects on the medieval character, "is pride aspiring to beauty, and formalized pride gives rise to a conception of honour, which is the pole of noble life." | '''Chivalry''' is a term related to the [[medieval]] institution of [[knighthood]] which has an aristocratic military origin of individual training and service to others. It is usually associated with ideals of [[knightly virtues]], [[honour|honor]] and [[courtly love]]: "the source of the chivalrous idea," remarked [[Johan Huizinga]], who devoted several chapters of ''[[The Autumn of the Middle Ages|The Waning of the Middle Ages]]'' to chivalry and its effects on the medieval character, "is pride aspiring to beauty, and formalized pride gives rise to a conception of honour, which is the pole of noble life." | ||
| + | ==Terminology and definitions== | ||
| + | The term "chivalry" derives from the [[Old French]] term ''chevalerie'', which can be translated as "[[cavalry|horse soldiery]]". Originally, the term referred only to [[horse]]-mounted men, from the French word for horse, ''cheval'', but later it became associated with knightly ideals. | ||
| - | ==Knightly virtues== | + | The "code of chivalry" is a product of the [[Late Middle Ages]], evolving after the end of the [[crusades]] partly from an idealization of the historical knights fighting in the [[Holy Land]] and from ideals of [[courtly love]]. |
| - | '''Knightly Virtues''' (or the '''Virtues of a Knight''') were part of a [[medieval]] [[Chivalry|chivalric]] code of honor. The virtues were a set of 'standards' that Knights of the [[High Middle Ages]] tried to adhere to in their daily living and interactions with others. Today, this term still carries similar meanings. | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | Some organizations attempt to continue this tradition. The Emblem of the [[Order of St. John]], (an organization that can be traced back to the [[Knights Hospitaller]]) does have a meaning behind it. | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | :The emblem of the Order is a white eight-pointed cross embellished in the four principal angles alternately with a lion passant guardant and a unicorn passant. The four arms of the cross signify the [[cardinal virtues]]: [[Prudence]], [[Temperance (virtue)|Temperance]], [[Justice]] and [[Fortitude]]. The eight points signify the [[beatitudes]]: [[Humility]], [[Compassion]], [[Courtesy]], [[wikt:devotion|Devotion]], [[Mercy]], [[wikt:purity|Purity]], [[Peace]] and [[Endurance]]. | + | |
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| - | There is no definitive list of virtues, and other proposed virtues include:[http://www.chivalrytoday.com/Farrell/Knightly-Virtues.html] | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | *[[Courage]] | + | |
| - | *[[Justice]] | + | |
| - | *[[Mercy]] | + | |
| - | *[[Generosity]]/[[Charity (virtue)|Charity]]/[[Liberality]] | + | |
| - | *[[Faith]] | + | |
| - | *[[Nobility]]/[[Valour]] | + | |
| - | *[[Hope]] | + | |
| - | *[[Diligence]]/[[Strength]] | + | |
| - | *[[Chastity]]/[[Integrity]]/[[Truth]] | + | |
| - | *[[Humility]]/[[Prudence]] | + | |
| - | *[[Will (philosophy)|Will]]/[[Determination]]/[[Resolve]] | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | The list of virtues has changed over time. In the [[Middle Ages]], skills like [[Horsemanship]] were also considered one amongst these ideals. | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ==See also== | + | |
| - | *[[Bors]] | + | |
| - | *[[Bushido]] | + | |
| - | *[[Chivalric order]] | + | |
| - | *[[Chivalric romance]] | + | |
| - | *[[Courtly love]] | + | |
| - | *[[Court of Chivalry]] | + | |
| - | *[[Domnei]] | + | |
| - | *[[Don Quixote]] | + | |
| - | *[[Feliciano de Silva]] | + | |
| - | *[[Furusiyya]] | + | |
| - | *[[Jomsvikings]] | + | |
| - | *[[Nine Worthies]] | + | |
| - | *[[Pas d'Armes]] | + | |
| - | *[[Sir Lionel]] | + | |
| - | *[[Warrior code]] | + | |
| - | *[[Chinese knight-errant]] | + | |
| - | + | ||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| - | *[[Romance (genre)]] | + | * [[Chivalric romance]] |
| - | * [[Prussian virtues]] | + | * [[Courtly love]] |
| - | * [[Seven Heavenly Virtues]] | + | * [[Damsel in distress]] |
| + | * [[Don Quixote]] | ||
| + | * ''[[The Book of the Courtier]]'' | ||
| + | * [[Honor]] | ||
| + | * [[Knight-errant]] | ||
| + | * [[Noblesse oblige]] | ||
| + | * [[Virtue]] | ||
| + | * [[Women and children first]] | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Current revision
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"THE ages, we call barbarous, present us with many a subject of curious speculation. What, for instance, is more remarkable than the Gothic Chivalry? or than the spirit of Romance, which took its rise from that singular institution? Nothing in human nature, my dear friend, is without its reasons. The modes and fashions of different times may appear, at first sight, fantastic and unaccountable. But they, who look nearly into them, discover some latent cause of their production."--Letters on Chivalry and Romance (1762) by Richard Hurd “If I do not complain of the pain," says Don Quixote, after the disastrous chance of the windmills, “it is because a knight-errant must never complain of his wounds, though his bowels were dropping out through them."--The History of Chivalry (1826) by Charles Mills "The works of Menestrier and Colombiere sleep in the dust of a few ancient libraries; and there are only two other books whose express and entire object is a delineation of the Institutions of chivalry [...] Mémoires sur l'ancienne chevalerie (1759) [and] Ritterzeit und Ritterwesen (1823)."--The History of Chivalry (1826) by Charles Mills "The memory of these devastations, for Abderame did not spare the country or the people, was long preserved by tradition; and the invasion of France by the Moors or Mahometans affords the ground-work of those fables which have been so wildly disfigured in the romances of chivalry and so elegantly adorned by the Italian muse."--The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1776-89) by Edward Gibbon "There is no doubt that a hero must be brave and kind; therefore, in a story he must have occasion to exercise his chivalry, and the most picturesque way of doing so is in the service of the heroine. Hence it is necessary that there should be a damsel in distress."--Short Studies in Character (1894) by Sophie Bryant "THE Word romantic has been lately introduced in Germany to designate that kind of poetry which is derived from the songs of the Troubadours; that which owes its birth to the union of chivalry and Christianity."--On Germany (1813) by Madame de Staël |
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Featured: |
Chivalry is a term related to the medieval institution of knighthood which has an aristocratic military origin of individual training and service to others. It is usually associated with ideals of knightly virtues, honor and courtly love: "the source of the chivalrous idea," remarked Johan Huizinga, who devoted several chapters of The Waning of the Middle Ages to chivalry and its effects on the medieval character, "is pride aspiring to beauty, and formalized pride gives rise to a conception of honour, which is the pole of noble life."
Terminology and definitions
The term "chivalry" derives from the Old French term chevalerie, which can be translated as "horse soldiery". Originally, the term referred only to horse-mounted men, from the French word for horse, cheval, but later it became associated with knightly ideals.
The "code of chivalry" is a product of the Late Middle Ages, evolving after the end of the crusades partly from an idealization of the historical knights fighting in the Holy Land and from ideals of courtly love.
See also
- Chivalric romance
- Courtly love
- Damsel in distress
- Don Quixote
- The Book of the Courtier
- Honor
- Knight-errant
- Noblesse oblige
- Virtue
- Women and children first
