Concrete  

From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia

Paris 16ème - U.E.I. Murat - Locaux France Telecom
Photo © JWG

Brutalism at the Schoonselhof cemetery. Jack Godderis headstone seen from the back (rear).
Photo © JWG

The usage of new materials such as iron, steel, concrete and glass is ascribed an important place, with the Crystal Palace by Joseph Paxton to house the Great Exhibition of 1851. Historians have seen the Crystal Palace as a reaction to the eclecticism and "poor taste" of the Victorian Era fuelled by the possibilities of the Industrial Revolution.

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Concrete is a composite widely used for making architectural structures.

Famous concrete structures include the Hoover Dam, the Panama Canal and the Roman Pantheon.

Concrete technology was known by the ancient Romans and was widely used in the Roman Empire—the Colosseum was built largely of concrete and the concrete dome of the Pantheon is the world's largest. After the Empire was destroyed, use of concrete became scarce until the technology was re-pioneered in the mid-18th century.

See also

• Brutalist architecture, encouraging visible concrete surfaces
• Concrete art
• Concrete poetry
• Musique concrète
• Roman concrete