Years of Lead (Italy)
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The Years of Lead (Anni di piombo) is a term used for a period of social and political turmoil in Italy that lasted from the late 1960s until the early 1980s, marked by a wave of both left-wing and right-wing incidents of political terrorism.
The left-wing autonomist Marxist movement in Italy which was involved in many events of the period lasted from 1968 until the end of the 1970s. The Years of Lead are considered to have begun with the death of the policeman Antonio Annarumma who was killed in a leftist demonstration in November 1969, and the Piazza Fontana bombing in December that year, which killed 17, both in Milan.
The term's origin possibly came as a reference to the vast number of bullets fired during the period, or a popular 1981 German film Marianne and Juliane, released in Italy as Anni di piombo, which centered on the lives of two members of the West German militant far-left group Red Army Faction which had gained notoriety during the same period.
Terrorist organizations in Italy (incomplete list)
- Red Brigades
- Prima Linea
- Gruppo XXII Ottobre
- Ordine Nuovo
- National Vanguard (Italy)
- Nuclei Armati Rivoluzionari
See also
- Definitions of terrorism
- History of the Italian Republic
- Movement of 1977
- La notte della Repubblica (TV programme)
- Political violence in Turkey (1976–80)
