Xerography
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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Xerography (or electrophotography) is a dry photocopying technique invented by Chester Carlson in 1938, for which he was awarded Template:US patent on October 6, 1942. Carlson originally called his invention electrophotography. It was later renamed xerography—from the Greek roots ξηρός xeros "dry" and -γραφία -graphia "writing"—to emphasize that, unlike reproduction techniques then in use such as cyanotype, this process used no liquid chemicals.
Uses in art
Xerography has been used by photographers internationally as a direct imaging photographic process, by book artists for publishing one-of-a-kind books or multiples, and by collaborating artists in portfolios such as those produced by the International Society of Copier Artists founded by American Louise Odes Neaderland. Art critic Roy Proctor said of artist/curator Louise Neaderland during her residency for the exhibition Art ex Machina at 1708 Gallery in Richmond, Virginia, "She's living proof that, when a new technology begins to be mass-produced, artists will be curious enough—and imaginative enough—to explore its creative uses.
