Wilhelm Valentiner
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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Wilhelm Reinhold Valentiner (1880 – 1958) was a German art historian and critic and museum official. He was born at Karlsruhe (Baden), and studied at Heidelberg under Henry Thode, and in Holland with De Groot and with Bredius, whose assistant he was at the Gallery of The Hague. In 1905 he was called to Berlin by William Bode, under whom he worked at the Kaiser Friedrich Museum and Kunstgewerbe Museum. In 1906 was his dissertation from 1904 on Rembrandt published: Rembrandt auf der Lateinschule. In 1907 he was appointed curator of the department of decorative arts in the Metropolitan Museum (New York), which under his supervision became one of the foremost in the world. At the start of the World War he returned to Germany to serve in the army. After service at the front in the European War he was, in 1916, attached to the general staff at Berlin. 1924-1945 he was appointed first advisor and then Director of the Detroit Museum which became the Detroit Institute of Arts. Under his leadership the museum developed into one of the leading art institutions in the country. His acquisitions and exhibitions in Detroit were products of his wide ranging scholarship. He was responsible for the series of murals painted by Diego Rivera, revolutionary for Detroit at the time. About 1930 he acquired American citizenship. In 1945 he was required to resign from his post in Detroit due to a city legal age restriction. He was instrumental in the development of both the Los Angeles County Museum of Art and the Getty Museum and In 1955 he became the first Director of the then new North Carolina Museum in Raleigh. This position he maintained until his death in September 1958.
Especially known through his writings on Flemish and Dutch painting, he published:
- Rembrandt auf der Lateinschule, Jahrbuch der preußischen Kunstsammlungen 27 (1906)
- Rembrandt (1907), with Bode
- Altholländische Genre Zeichungen (1908), with Bode
- The Art of the Low Countries (1914)
- The Last Years of Michelangelo (1914)
- Rembrandt: wiedergefundene Gemälde, 1910-1922, in 128 Abbildungen (1923)
