Civil liberties
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
Illustration:Liberty Leading the People (1831, detail) by Eugène Delacroix.
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Civil liberties or personal freedoms are personal guarantees and freedoms that the government cannot abridge, either by law or by judicial interpretation, without due process. Though the scope of the term differs between countries, civil liberties may include the freedom from torture, freedom from forced disappearance, freedom of conscience, freedom of press, freedom of religion, freedom of expression, freedom of assembly, the right to security and liberty, freedom of speech, the right to privacy, the right to equal treatment under the law and due process, the right to a fair trial, and the right to life. Other civil liberties include the right to own property, the right to defend oneself, and the right to bodily integrity. Within the distinctions between civil liberties and other types of liberty, distinctions exist between positive liberty/positive rights and negative liberty/negative rights.
See also
- American Civil Liberties Union
- Canadian Civil Liberties Association
- Civil and political rights
- Equality and Human Rights Commission
- Fundamental freedoms
- Human rights
- Libertarianism
- Liberty (pressure group)
- List of civil rights leaders
- Privacy
- Proactive policing
- Rule according to higher law
- Rutherford Institute
- Teaching for social justice
- State of World Liberty Index
- Statewatch
