The Confessional Unmasked  

From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia

Revision as of 09:47, 17 September 2010

Related e

Wikipedia Wiktionary Shop Featured: Rhombicuboctahedron by Leonardo da Vinci

Popery Unmasked[1][2]

"Confessional Unmasked: Showing the Depravity of the Romish Priesthood, the Iniquity of the Confessional, and the Questions put to Females in Confession" is an anonymously published anti-Catholic pamphlet. It existed partly of quotations out of the casuist moral theology of Peter Dens's Theologia Moralis and that of St. Alphonsus Liguori's.

Other parts were copied from Delahogue, Bailly, and Cabassutius. In the preface, after alluding to the different authors quoted, and showing that they were held of great authority in the Roman Catholic Church, the compiler proceeds: "Such, then, is the theology, and such the morals which, by granting 30,000l. a-year to Maynooth, we assist in propagating."

As an apology the writer states: "In the latter part of the pamphlet I have given a few extracts without abridgment, to shew into what minute and disgusting details these holy men have entered. This alone has been my object, and not the filling of the work with obscenity."

The pamphlet is also known as " Maynooth and its Teaching."

Censorship history

The first prosecution took place at Wolverhampton in 1867 when, after some lectures by William Murphy, the " Watch Committee" obtained a warrant under Lord Campbell's Act to search the premises of H. Scott, where the objectionable pamphlet was being sold. A seizure of " a quantity of books " was made at Scott's house on the 18th March, upon which the magistrates delivered the following decision :

"We consider that the book produced before us is an obscene book within the meaning of the Act, and calculated to contaminate the public morals, and of such a character that the publication of it becomes a misdemeanour. The sale and distribution have been sufficiently proved before us, and we hereby order the books to be destroyed."

The case was taken to the Quarter Sessions, and the verdict of the Magistrates was quashed by the Recorder, he giving authority for his judgment. The Popish party appealed from the verdict of the Recorder to the Queen's Bench. That court said it did not lelieve the evidence put forth by the book, and and added new matter to the case submitted to it for judgment j and upon the ground of the matter added, and for other reasons, reversed the decision of the Recorder ! ! {The Queen v. Hicklin, April, 1868).

Notes

The books used in these lectures are De La Hogue's Treatises on Dogmatic Theology, in 5 volumes, and Bailly's on Moral Theology, in 5 volumes.

See also

• Confession
• Regina v. Hicklin

Full text by Ashbee

€í)t ConfeÖÖtOnal ©nmasíkeO, or the Curiosities of Romish Devotion.

This is the name by which the tract I am about to notice is generally known, and that which forms the half title of most of the various editions issued by the " Protestant Evangelical and Electoral Union." The wording on the outer wrappers differs however materially. I note three different

THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED. 89

editions at present before me : Cfte Confesional ©itmaofteìl :

showing the Depravity of the Romish Priesthood, the Iniquity of the Confessional and the Questions put to Females in Confession, &c, buff wrapper, 8vo., pp. iv and 76 ; the half title reads

€jrtrartj5, etc., published about 1871 ; Cïm'ötian Ceötimonp agaûtôt ^apal »irferîmestë δρ ©nmaöfemg tfte Confesé otoñal; &α, 8vo., pp. 98, buff wrapper; Cöe áMoralítp of

Potatói) ©eÜOtíOlt, or the Confessional Unmasked : &c, 8vo., pp. 116 and 8 unnumbered, begins with A Report of the Trial of Mr. George Mackey, At the Winchester Quarter Sessions, iSth and igth October, 1870, green wrapper.

The tract was not originally published by the " Protestant Evangelical Union," but had been issued four times at least before that society took it in hand. The " Union " has published three (if not more) pamphlets concerning it :

€i)t Jîtètorp of "Cttf Confessional fflnmaöïtrt/* 8νο·> pp. 40; Cöe áttjure anö Condemnation of "&öe Com ösiöional/* 8vo., pp. 32; ^Cöe Confessional 3anmaôfeeïi^f

A Military as well as a Moral Plea for abolishing the Corifes-

sional. By Lieut-Col. H. J. Brockman, 8vo., pp. 15. From

the former work I gather the chief part of "the particulars given in this notice :

The ßrst publication of the Pamphlet is surrounded with somewhat of obscurity. The compilers, translators, and publishers appear to have been anxious to inform the public upon questions of such deep importance as those we have noticed } but they thought it prudent to remain unknown,

Ν

CO THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED,

However, David Bryce, publisher, Paternoster Row, who died suddenly, May i, 1875, was the reputed translator.* The " Union " continues :

We have before us a copy of the Second Edition, published in Dublin, 1836. The title page is as follows :—

$&mé'â Cinologi). Extracts from Peter Dens on the Nature of Confession and the Obligation of the Seal. " If hat soever ye have spoken in darkness shall he heard in the light ; and that which ye have spoken in the ear in closets shall be proclaimed upon the housetops*' Second Edition. Dublin: O'Neill, Printer, 1836.

The Pamphlet consists of Extracts, taken exclusively from Dens' Theology, with a few comments by the Compiler. It does not appear to have been published in the ordinary way of trade, or with any motive less worthy than that of admonishing innocent men of the hordes of Romish marauders—con- spirators against the morality and liberty of the people, which the Government of the country had patronized and let loose upon Society.

In subsequent editions of the Pamphlet now under consideration, several extracts were taken from Liguori and other a guides and masters " used in the " Royal College " for the education of Romish Priests. The Pamphlet was then entitled " Maynooth and its Teaching." It was published in London in the ordinary way of trade. The following is the title-page of the Pamphlet when it came into the possession of "The Protestant Electoral Union:—

ÍHagítOOtí) fflti ÍU Cearfjtng. The Confessional Unmasked: showing the Depravity of the Priesthood, the Immorality of the Confessional, and the Questions put to Females in Confession, etc., etc. Being Extracts from the theological works used in Maynooth College, and sanctioned by the " Sacred Congregation of Rites.1' With Notes, By C. B.

• See €%t 33û0Ït#ilI«f, June 3,1875, No. 211, p. 497.

THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED. 91

• • For 'tis a shame even to speak of those things which are done of them in secret."

(Eph. v. 12.)

(Act III., Scene i.—A Confessional).

Prior. Within this chair I sit, and hold the keys That open realms no conqueror can subdue, And where the monarchs of the earth must fain Solicit to be subjects.

Alar. O, holy father ! my soul is burdened with a crime.

Prioh. My son, the Church awaits thy sin.

Alar. It is a sin most black and terrible ; Prepare thine ear for what must make it tremble.

Prior. Thou dost speak to power above all passion, not toman.

Alarcos, by the Author of' Vivian Grey'*

London: W. Strange, 3, Amen Corner, Paternoster Row.

The way in which the Pamphlet came to be the property of (( The Pro- testant Electoral Union " was as follows :—

An ex-Sheriff of London, and a member of the Protestant Electoral Union, went, in 1865, to the House of Commons to hear a debate on some Protestant question. The House on that occasion resembled a " Bear-Garden," and the Protestant speakers could not obtain a hearing. This patriot thought that the misconduct of the House arose from its ignorance of what Popery was, and he resolved to inform them of its true character by bringing under their notice its teachings and practices, as declared by Romanises themselves. He entered into arrangements with " The Christian Book Society " for printing an edition of the Pamphlet, which he called

"Cije Ucprabttg of tfje tornan Catíjolú iPmatïjoofc and the Immorality of the Confessional."

With reference to this edition we ought to say that some of the most disgusting enquiries and instructions by the Priest were omitted. A copy of the Pamphlet was sent to each member of both Houses of Parliament, and the copies remaining were presented to the Society.

The Pamphlet sold by Mr. Strange, Paternoster Row, was printed from stereo plates, which he expressed a readiness to sell ; and as the Com- mittee of the "Protestant Evangelical Mission and Electoral Union" had found the pamphlet to be a most formidable weapon of defence against the priestly assailants of the purity and liberty of this Protestant Kingdom, they purchased the plates with the pamphlets Mr. Strange had in stock. For some time the Committee printed from these plates. They changed the

92 THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED.

cover, however, giving the opinions of several eminent men as to the evils of the Confessional.

The Committee would at once have made several changes in the pam- phlet, such as they afterwards did make in the New Edition, but their funds were so limited that for years the Treasurer never received ten pounds that was not appropriated to defray some very necessary expense already incurred.

The first internal change made was the expurgation of a song, " The Fryar and the Nun/' p. 37, showing "The Progress of the Confessional."

This was replaced by two descriptions of a " Confessing Priest," one of which was by Mr. Hogan.

We come now to a point which invests The Confessional Unmasked with an interest which its literary merits would not entitle it to. I mean the legal proceedings to which it has given rise, and which now form a precedent in English law. The first prosecution took place at Wolverhampton in 1867. when, after some lectures by William Murphy, the " Watch Committee" obtained a warrant under Lord Campbell's Act to search the premises of H. Scott, where the objectionable pamphlet was being sold. A seizure of " a quantity of books " was made at Scott's house on the 18th March, upon which the magistrates delivered the following decision :

" We consider that the book produced before us is an obscene book within the meaning of the Act, and calculated to contaminate the public morals, and of such a character that the publication of it becomes a misdemeanour. The sale and distribution have been sufficiently proved before us, and we hereby order the books to be destroyed."

The case was taken to the Quarter Sessions, and the verdict of the Magis trates was quashed by the Recorder, he giving authority for his judgment. The Popish party appealed from the verdict of the Recorder to the Queen's Bench. That court said it did not lelieve the evidence put forth by the book, and and added new matter to the case submitted to it for judgment j and upon the ground of the matter added, and for other reasons, reversed the decision of the Recorder ! ! {The Queen v. Hicklin, April, 1868).

This judgment is very ably dealt with in a Pamphlet, " Printed for private circulation," and generally considered to be by Mr. Powell, the Recorder of Wolverhampton.

The Committee, desirous of keeping within the Law, even when so grossly perverted, remodelled the entire work, and entitled it The Morality of Romish Devotion ; or, The Confessional Unmasked, omitting much of the lewd in- quisitiveness of the Priests contained in the former work, but enough to show the nature and tendency of the Confessional, and to justify Protestants in seeking its utter destruction* This new work was brought under judgment in the followay way :—

Mr. George Mac key having been invited to Lymington, Hants, hired the Town Hall, for a course of five lectures, and after having delivered three of these lectures, during the week ending August 27, 1870, he was prevented by the Mayor and police from giving the last two lectures of the course advertised. He was then summoned before the Mayor, James C orb in. Mr. Mackey was confined as a Felon in Winchester Jail for fifteen months ! For a full report of his trial, or Condemnation rather, see pamphlet entitled The Lord's Prisoner, published by The Protestant Evangelical Mission, price 6d.

The Committee feeling assured that Mr. Mackey was prosecuted out of malice, and that he was unjustly condemned by an unsworn jury, to which he objected, printed a Report oí the first trial at Winchester. This included the pamphlet with the sale of which he was charged, and which was taken as read in Court. This Report was seized by the Police, under a warrant signed by Sir Thomas Henry, in the Offices of the Protestant Evangelical Mission and Electoral Union, on January 26th, 1871. Mr. Steele, the Secretary of the Society, who was indicted for publishing the work, gives his reasons in full for doing so in the Monthly Record of the Society for March and November, 1871. The case of Mr. Steele was heard in the Court of Common Pleas, Westminster, before Chief Justice Bovill, April 29, and 30, 1872. A full report of the trial is given in the Monthly Record for June, 1872.

In this Case, Steele v. Brannan, Justices Keating, Brett, and Groves were on the bench with the Chief Justice, Mr. Samuel Kydd was for the appellant, and the Attorney General for the respondent. Judgment was given without reserve against Mr. Steele. In delivering judgment Chief Justice Bovill said : " I entirely agree in the decision of the Queen's Bench in the case of the ^ueen v. Hicklin, and I think the present case falls quite within that deci- sion." Justice Keating was of opinion that : <£ these extracts, if correctly reported, do contain obscenity to an extent from which the mind of every right-minded man will absolutely revolt."

The Confessional Unmasked, it will have been observed, is chiefly composed of extracts from the works of Dens, to which were afterwards added specimens of the teaching of LiGUORi. As the works of neither of these writers are other- where noticed in the present volume, I propose to extract a few passages from the pamphlet before me, adding the translation and observations there given.

ON JUST CAUSES FOR PERMITTING MOTIONS OF SENSUALITY.

Hujusmodi justae cansae sunt auditio Just causes of this sort are, the confession urn, lectio casuum consci- hearing of confessions, the reading of entiae pro Confessarlo, servitium ne- cases of conscience drawn up for a

THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED. 95

cessarium vel utile praestitum infirmo. Confessor, necessary or useful attend- ance on an invalid.

Justa causa faceré potest ut opus The effect of a just cause is such, aliquod, ex quo motus oriuntur, non that anything from which motions tantum licite inchoetur sed etiam arise may be not only lawfully begun, licite continuetur : et ita Conf essari us but also lawfully continued : and so ex auditione confessionis eos percipi- the Confessor receiving those motions ens, non ideo ab auditione abstinere from the hearing of confessions, debet, sed justam habet perseverando ought not on that account to abstain rationem, modo tarnen ipsi motus illi from hearing them, but has a just semper displiceant, nee inde oriatur cause for persevering, providing, how · proximum periculum consensus.— ever, that they always displease him, Dens, torn. 1, pp. 299, 300. and there arise not therefrom the

proximate danger of consent.—Dens, v. 1, pp. 299, 300.

Thus it appears to be a matter of course, that hearing confessions is a just cause for entertaining sensual motions. Dens explains u sensual motions " to be, ft sharp tingling sensations of sensual delight shooting through the body, and exciting to corporeal pleasures."

Now, if a lady appears modest, the Confessor is instructed that " that modesty of hers must be overcome, or else he is authorized to deny her abso- lution." " Pudorem ilium superandum esse, et nolenti denegandam esse absolutionern."-—De La Hogue de pœn., p. 68.

Attendance upon invalids is also a just cause for sensual motions.- After reading this, who would marry a woman who frequents the confessional ? Think of allowing a wife or daughter to go alone to confession to such corrupt sensualists, or of permitting such loathsome Priests to enter their sick cham- ber, especially when they are recovering !

ON REFUSING OR DENYING MARRIAGE DUTY.

In omni peccato carnali circumstan- In every carnal sin let the circum-

tia conjugii sit exprimenda* in con- stance of marriage be expressed in

fessione. confession.

An aliquando interrogandi suntco% Are the married to be at any time

0,6 THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED.

jugati in confessione circa negationem asked in confession about denying the

debiti ? marriage duty ?

R. Affirmative : presertim mulieres, Answer, Yes : particularly the

quae ex ignorantia vel prae pudore pec- WOMEN, who, through ignorance or

catum istud quandoque reticent : ve- modesty, are sometimes silent on that

rum non abrupto, sed prudenter est sin j but the question is not to be put

interrogatio instituenda : v. g. an cum abruptly, but to be framed prudently :

marito rixatae sint, quae hujusmodi for instance, whether they have quar-

rixarum causa ; num propter talem relied with their husbands—what was

occasionem maritis debitum negarint : the cause of these quarrels—whether

quod si deliquisse fateantur, caste in- they did upon such occasion deny

terrogari debent, an nihil secutum their husbands the marriage duty ;

fuerit continenti« coniugali contrari- but if they acknowledge they have

urn, v. g. pollutio, &c.—Dens, v. 7, transgressed, they ought to be asked

p. 149. chastely whether anything followed

contrary to conjugal continence, namely, pollution,* &c.—Dens, v. 7, p. 149.

Hinc uxor se accusans in confes- Hence let the wife, accusing herself

sione quod negaverit debitum interro- in confession of having denied the

getur, an maritus ex pieno rigore juris marriage duty, be asked whether the

• The following is a tolerably minute description, considering that the

author was sworn to celibacy from early youth :—

Notâtur, quod pollutio in mulieribus It is remarked that women may be quandoque possit perfìci, ita ut semen sometimes guilty of imperfect pollu- earum non effluat extra membrana tion, even without a flow of their genitalej indicium istius allegat Bil- semen to the outside of the genital luart, si scillicet sentiat seminis reso- member (the passage) of which Bil- lutionem cum magno voluptatis sensu, luart alleges a proof :—If, for instance, qua completa passio satiatur.—Dens, the woman feels a loosening of the torn. 4, p, 380. semen, with a great sense of pleasure,

which being completed, her passion is Satiated.—-Dens, v. 4, p. 380.

THE CONFESSÏONAL UNMASKED. 97

sui id petiverit : idque colligetur ex eo, husband demanded it with the full quod petiverit instanter, quod graviter rigour of his right ; and that shall be fuerit offensus, quod aversionis vel inferred from his having demanded it alia mala sint secuta, de quibus etiam instantly, from his having been grie- se accusare debet, quia fuit eorum vously offended, or from aversion or causa : contra si confiteatur rixas vel any other evils having followed, of aversiones adversus maritum interro- which she ought also to accuse her- gari potest -, an debitum negaverit ?— self, because she was the cause of Dens, torn. 7, p. 150. them. On the other hand, if she

confess that there exist quarrels and aversions between her and her hus- band, she may be asked whether she has denied the marriage duty.—Dens, v. 7, p. 150.

In this manner the Confessor not only ferrets out the most secret acts of the married, but also ascertains, whenever he chooses, what is the peculiar mettle of the husband and disposition of the wife. Indeed, under direction of these Priests, in case the husband is inclined to heresy, the wife is obliged to refuse

is solicited to go to the Priest. We have two cases in point before our mind while we write.—See Western Daily Mercury, Aug. 31, 1866.

ON THE CARNAL SINS WHICH MAN AND WIFE COMMIT WITH ONE ANOTHER.

Certum est, conjuges inter se pee- It is certain that man and wife

care posse, etiam graviter contra vir- may sin grievously against the virtue

tutem castitatis, sive continenti«, of chastity, or continence, with re-

ratione quarundam circumstantiarum : gard to certain circumstances relating

in particular! autem definire, quae sunt to the use of their bodies 5 but tb

mortales, quae solum veniales, perob- define particularly what are mortal,

scürum est, nee eadem omnium sen- what only venial, is a matter of very

tentiaj ut vel ideo solicite persuaden- great difficulty; nor are all writers of

dum sit conjugatis, ut recordentur se one opinion on the subject ¿ so that,

esse filios Sanctorum, quos decet in even on that account the married o

98 THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED.

sanctitate conjugali filios procreare, ought to recollect that they are the Quidam auctores circumstantias circa children of the saints, and should actum conjugalem praecipue observan- therefore beget children in conjugal das, exprimunt his versibus :— sanctity. The circumstances which

" Sit modus, et finis, sine damno, are chiefly to be observed in the con- solve, cohaere. jugal act, some authors express in the Sit locus et tempus, tactus, nee following words :—■

spernito votum." [These investigations conducted by

Ergo debet servari modus, si ve situs, priests with married men and women qui dupli citer invertito, imo. ut non are much too filthy for translation, servetur debitum vas, sed copula ha- It is sufficient to say that we are told, beatur in vase praepostero, vel quo- in another part of the same volume, cumque alio non naturali : qúod sem- that the wicked wretch who invades per mortale est spectans ad sodomiam his father's bed, and commits incest minorem, seu imperfectam, idque with his step-mother, is not so guilty tenendum contra quosdam laxistas, in the eyes of the Church as the man sive copula ibi consummetur, si ve who circulates the Bible. The latter tantum incohetur consummanda in ct is excommunicated with an excom- vase naturali. munication reserved to the Supreme

Pontiff j whilst the offence of the former does not constitute even a reserved case. —te Incestus privigni cum noverca non reservatur. (Vol. 6 p. 287.) Nothing is so " atrocious " as Protestantism—neither incest nor sodomy. What say our Judges and Magistrates to this ?]

Modus sive situs invertitur, ut ser- Manner or posture is inverted, vetur debitum vas ad copulam a natura though the connection takes place in ordì natu ra, ν. g. si fìat accedendo a the vessel appointed by nature for praepostero, a latere, stando, sedendo, that purpose ; for instance, if it be vel si vir sit succubus. Modus is done from behind, or when the parties mortalis est, si inde suboriatur pericu- are on their sides, or standing, or lum pollutionis respectu alterius, sive sitting, or when the husband lies quando pericu lum est, ne semen per- underneath. This method of doing

THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED. 99

datur, prout saepe accidit, dum actus it is a mortal sin, if there should there- exercetur stando, sedendo, aut viro from arise to either party a. danger of succumbente -, si absit et sufficienter pollution, or of losing the seed, a praecaveatur istud periculum, ex com- thing which often happens* when muni sententiâ id non est mortale : the act is performed standing, or sit- est autem veniale ex gravioribus, cum ting, or the husband lying under- sit inversi o ordinis naturae ; estque neathj but if that danger be suffi- generatim modus ille sine causa tali- ciently guarded against, it is not, in ter coeundi graviter a Confessariis the common opinion of Divines, a reprehendendus : si tarnen ob justam mortal sin ; yet it is one of the rationem situm naturalem conjuges weightier sort of venial sins, since it immutent, secludaturque dictum peri- is an inversion of the order of nature ; culum, nullum est peccatum, ut die- and in general, that method of thus turn est in numero 48. coming to coition must, when with-

out sufficient cause, be severely cen- sured by the Confessors. If, however, man and wife, for some just reason, change the natural posture, and if the aforesaid danger (of losing the seed) be avoided, there will be no sin, as has been said in number 48.

Minuitur periculum perdendi se- The danger of losing the seed is men, si verum sit,quod dicunt Sanchez, lessened, if that be true, which is said Billuart, et Preinguez, scilicet quod in by Sanchez and others, to wit, that matrice sit naturalis vis attractiva the womb has a natural power of seminis, ut in stomacho respectu cibi, attraction with respect to the seed, as

the stomach has with respect tò meat.

Debet finis esse legitimus; de quo The "end" ought to be legi- et quomodo ratione finis peccari pos- tímate ; concerning which, and sit, dictum est Num. 51 et sequent!« in what manner the parties may bus. commit sin with regard to the end,

• Often happens ! How do these purient "Divines " know ?

100 THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED.

we have treated in No. ¿i, and those following it.

Per particulam "sine damno " im- The words "without loss" import portatur cavendum esse damnum turn that care must be taken that no in- prolis conceptee et concipiendae, turn jury be done to an offspring already ipsorum congredientium, de quibus conceived, or about to be conceived, egimus Num. 47. or to the parties themselves meeting

in the act of coition, concerning which we have treated in No. 47.

Verbum " solve " importât obliga- The word " pay " imports the ne- tionem solvendi sive reddendi debitum cessity of paying the debt when iegi- legitime petitum, de qua obligatione timately asked, concerning which we diximus Num. 46 et sequentibus. have treated in No. 46, and those fol-

lowing it.

Per verbum "cohaere" intelligitur By the word "cohere'.' is under- cohaerentia usque ad perfectam copu- stood the necessity of coherence (or lam, seu seminationem perfectam, ita sticking close) till the act of copula- ut per se mortale sit, inchoatam, copu- tion is perfected, or until the parties lam abrumpere.—Dens, torn. 7, pp. spend completely ; so that it is of it- 166-7. se^ a mortal sin abruptly to break off

when copulation has been once be- gun.—Dens, vol. 7, p. 166-7.

Our bachelor Saint now expatiates upon various delicate matters.

VI. Si fìat modo indebito, verbi If it (copulation) takes place in an

gratia—1. Si non servetur vas naturale : improper manner -, as, for example*—

quod multi docent esse veram sodo- ist, if the natural vessel be not kept,

miam, alii esse grave peccatum contra which many teach to be real sodomy 5

naturam. Vide 6 praeceptum.—2. others that it is a real sin against na-

Si sine justa causa situs sit innatura- ture. See 6th com. 2ndly, if with-

lis, praaposterus, etc. quod aliqui dicunt out just cause the position be un-

esse mortale, alii, secluso perieulo effu- natural, from behind, &c.? which some

sionis seminis, veniale tantum, etsi maintain to be mortal sin j others»

grave, et graviter increpandum, Dian. danger of spilling seed being avoided,

pte. 3, t. 4, res. 204. 3. Si alter con- that it is only a venial sin, although

THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED. ΙΟΙ

jugum ex morositate, vel alia ratione grievous and severely to be repre-

seminationem cohibeat quod quídam hended. Dian, &c. 3. If one of the

generatim dicunt esse mortale, quia married parties, either from sulkiness

finis actus conjugalis, scilicet genera- or other reason, refrain from spend-

tio, impeditur ; quidam tarnen, ut ing, which some generally maintain to

Propositi et Sanchez dicunt in femina be mortal sin, because the end of the

nullum esse. Vid. Bonac. p. 6, n. 15 conjugal act, viz., generation, is im-

et p. j.—Ligt t. 6, n. 915. peded ¡ some, however, with Sanchez,

say it is no sin in the female.—Lig. vol. 6, n. 915.

Quseritur I. An peccet mortaliter It is asked, ist, does a man sin

vir inchoando copulam in vase prae- mortally by commencing the act of

postero, ut postea in vase debito, earn copulation in the hinder vessel, that

consummet. Negant Navarr. 1. 5. he may afterwards finish it in the

Consil, de Pœnit. cons. 7, ac Angel, proper vessel ? This is denied by

Zerola, Graff. Zenard et Gambac. Navarr., &c, provided there be no

apud Dian, p. 2, tract 17, r. tf, modo danger of pollution 5 because other-

absit periculum pollutionis j quia alias, wise, as they say, all touches, even

ut ahmt, omnes tactus etiam venerei venereal, are not grievously illicit

non sunt graviter illiciti inter conju- among married persons. But it is

gatos. Sed comm. et verius affirmant commonly and more truly affirmed

Sanchez, 1. 1, d. 17, num. 5, Pont by Sanchez, &c. The reason is, be-

lib. 10, c. 11. n. 3, Pal. ρ 4 § a. n. 6. cause the very act of copulation after

Bonac. p. 11, n. 12. Spor. n. 497. this manner (even without spending)

Ratio, quia ipse hujosmodi coitus (etsi is real sodomy, although not consum-

absque seminatione) est vera sodomia, mated, just as copulation itself in the

quamvis non consummata, sicut ipsa natural vessel of a strange woman is

copula in vase naturali mulieris alienae real fornication, though there may be

est vera fornicado, licet non adsit no spending.—Lig, vol 6", η. 916. semi nati o. An autem sit mortale viro

perfrìcare virilia circa vas prœpos- [This loathsome nastiness we leave

terumuxoris? Negant Sanchez num. in Latin for the special edification of

5, et Boss. n. 175, cum Fill, et Perez, those learned and virtuous personages,

quia tangere os vasis prseposteri non who do not believe that such filthy

est ordinatimi ad copulam sodomiti- talk can take place, and who, in ig-

102 THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED.

cam. Sed veri us pari ter affirmant norance, we trust, persecute us for

Pontins loco citato, Pal. n. 6. Atque endeavouring to warn Society against

Tambur, η. 32. (qui testatur ex ali- the baneful influence of such lewd

quibus codicibus sententiam Thomae conversation between lustful priests,

Sanch. esse deletam ; imo Moyas and the wives and daughters of honest

asserii ipsum Sanchez se retractasse men. Lord Chief Justice Cockburn

in editione Antuerpiensi anno 1614.) declared in the open court he did not

Ratio est, qui saltern talis tactus non believe in su-ch things. A strange

potest moraliter fieri sine affectu sodo- foregone conclusion for an English

mitico. Lig. torn. 6, η. 916. judge. " J don't believe the accused

did the deed," rather suits the courts of Spain or Portugal.]

Queerit. II. An et quomodo pec- [This also we leave in the Latin of

cent conjuges coeundo situ innaturali. ** Holy Church." It is a repetition of

Situs naturalis est, ut mulier sit suc- the same nasty talk between the priest

cuba, et vir incubus ; hie enim modus and the first Lady in the land, whose

aptior est effusioni seminis virilis, et husband or parents will allow a young

reception! in vas femineum ad prolem wifeless confessor such access to her.

procreandam. Situs autem innaturalis In England, these things are talked of

est, si coitus aliter fìat, nempe sedendo, in ladies' chambers, and if the hus-

stando, de latere, vel prepostere more band know the priest is there, by his

pecudum, vel si vir sit succubus, et shoes being left against the door, it is

mulier incuba. Coitum hunc, prater presumed bad manners for him to in-

situm naturalem, alii apud Sanchez, trude. Once let Roman Catholics

1. 9, d. 16, num. 2 generice damnant submit to this indignity, and they are

de mortali ¿ alii vero dicunt esse mor- completely at the mercy of their priest

tale últimos duos modos, dicentes ab ever afterwards.] his ipsam naturam abhorrere. Sed cornmuniter dicunt alii omnes istos modos non excederé culpam veni- alexn. Ratio, quia ex unâ parte, licet adsit aliqua inordina tío, ipsa tarnen

non est tanta, ut per tingat ad mortale, Note.—in the early editions of

cum solum versetur circa accidentalia The Confessional Unmasked, notably in

copulae ¡ ex alia parte, mutatio situs that first mentioned at p. 19 ante, the

THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED. IO3

generationem non impedit, cam semen foregoing passages are fully translated,

viri non recipiatur in matricem muli- I have thought it more interesting to

eris per infusionem, seu descensum, reproduce instead the editorial re-

sed per attractionem, dum matrix ex marks which occur in the later issues. se naturaliter virile semen attrahit. Ita. S. Anton, 3 ρ, tit 2, c. 2. § 3. in fine, cum Alb. M. Nav. c. 16, n. 42. Pont. 1. io, ci i, num. 1. Petrocor, t. 4, p, 445, v. Tertius casus, Salam. c. 15. n. 73. Boss. c. 7, n. 68. Hol. n. 458. Sporer, η. 493· Rone. p. 184, q. 4, &c—Lig. t. 6, η. 917.

TOUCHES, LOOKS, AND FILTHY WORDS.

We now give a few extracts on the above subjects, which the ingenuity of very fiends could not surpass. Yet it is for this nasty teaching that Maynooth

College receives a Parliamentary Grant of ¿"30,000 a year. We hope the days of that iniquitous grant are numbered.

Quaeres an, et quando líceant tac- You will ask, whether, and at

tus, aspectus, et verba turpia inter what times, touches, looks, and lewd

con juges. words are permitted among married

persons.

R. Tales actus per se iis iicent : Ans. Such acts are in themselves

quia cui licitus est finis, etiam Iicent lawful to them, because, to whom the

media j et cui licet consummatio, end is lawful, the means are also law-

etiam licet inchoatio. Unde licite fui ; and to whom the consummation

talibus naturam excitant ad copulara, is lawful, so also is the beginning :

Quod si vero separating et sine ordine consequently, they lawfully excite

ad copulam, v. g. voluptatis causa nature to copulation by such acts.

tantum fiant ; sont venialia peccata, But, if these acts are performed sepa-

€0 quod ratione status, quia illos actus rately and without order to copilla-

cohonestat, habeant jus ad illos : nisi tion, as, for example, for the purpose

tarnen, ut sspe conti ngit, sint eoe- of pleasure alone, they are venial sins,

104 THE CONFESSIONAL ÜNMASKED.

juncti cum periculo pollationis j aut because, in respect of the state which conjuges habeant votum castitatis, renders those acts honourable, they tune enim sunt mortalia, ut dictum have a right to them -y unless, however, supra 1, 3. t. 4. c. 2. d, 4. Dian. p. 3. as often happens, they are joined with t. 4. r. 204, et 216.—Lig* t. 6, η. 932. danger of pollution, or the married

parties have a vow of chastity, for in that case they are mortal sins, as has been said above.—Lig. vol. 6, n. 932.

Unde Resolves. Whence it will be resolved.

lt—Conjux venialiter tantum pec- I.—A husband commits only venial

cat—1. Tangendo seipsum ex volup- sin—ist. By touching himself from

tate, et tactum non ita expresse refer* pleasure, and by not referring the

endo ad copulam, ut contra Vasquez touch so expressly to copulation, as

et alios probabiliter docet Sanch. 1. 9. Sanchez more probably teaches, inop-

d. 44. 2. Oblectando se veneree sine position to Vasquez and others.

periculo pollutionis de actu conjugali 2ndly, In pleasing himself venereaily

cogitato, dum abest compars, vel without danger of pollution, in think-

actus exerceri non potest. Fill. Lay· ing of the conjugal act, whilst the

mann. Tann. Haider cum Dian. p. 3. partner is absent, or the act itself can-

t. 4. res. 224. contra Nav. Azor. etc. not be exercised.

II.—1. Peccat graviter vidua, quae II.—ist. A widow sins grievously

se veneree oblectat de copula olim when she derives venereal pleasure

habita ; quia est illi illicita per statura, from amorous reminiscences, because

2. Bigamus, qui in actu conjugali, such is unlawful to her, in conse-

cum secundo exercito, représentât quence of her state. 2ndly. Also a

sib i priorem, et de ea earn aliter delec- person married a second time, who,

tatur, quia est permixtio cum aliena, during the conjugal act, had with the

Laym. 1. 1. t. 9. n. 3. second wife, represents to himself the

first, and derives carnal pleasure there- by, because it ís permixture with another woman.

Quserit ÏI. quid, si conjuges ex his It is asked—JL, If married persons*

THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED. IO5

turpibus actibus prsevideant pollutio- from these filthy acts, foresee pollution

nem secuturam in se vel in altero, about to follow, either in themselves

Plures adsunt sententi«. Prima sen- or their companion ? There exist

tentia, quam tenent Sanch. lib. 9. d. many opinions. The first opinion,

45. ex n. 34. fill, tract. 3. c. 9. n. which is maintained by Sanchez, ex-

356. Viva q. 7. art. 4. η 4. Escob. empts that from all sin, even in the

1. 26. n. 207. Elb. n. 393. cum He- person demanding, if pollution be not

rinex, et Spor. n. 500. id excusât ab intended, and there be no danger of

omni culpa etiam in petente, si pollu- consenting to it, and provided the

tio non intendatur, nee adsit periculum touches be not so lewd that they ought

consensus in earn, et modo tactus non to be considered as begun pollution

sit adeo turpis, ut judicetur inchoata (such as would be to move the fin-

pollutio (prout esset digitum morose ger morosely within the female vessel);

admovere intra vas femineum) -, ac and besides there might be some grave

praeterea adsit aliqua gravis causa cause of applying such touches, viz.,

talem tactum adhibendi, nempe ad se for the purpose of preparing one's self

praeparandum ad copulam, vel ad for copulation, or for promoting mu-

fovendum mutuum amorem. Ratio, tual love. The reason is, because in

quia tune justa illa causa tales actus that case the just cause renders such

cohonestat, qui alioquin non sunt acts honourable, which are not other-

illiciti inter conjuges ; et si pollutio wise unlawful among married persons,

obvenit, hoc erit per accidens. Dici- and if pollution ensues, this will be

tur si adsit gravis causa j nam, si non by accident. It is said, if there be

adsit, praedicti actus non excusantur grape cause for it ; if there be not, the

a mortali. Secunda sententia, quam fore-mentioned acts are not excused

tenent Pal. p. 4. § 2. n. 2. Boss. cap. from mortal sin. The second opinion,

7. n. 213. et Salm. cap. 15. num. 86. maintained by Pal. &c, distinguishes

cum Soto, Caject. Dec. Hurt. Aversa, and affirms, that unchaste toyings are

et communi ut assero at, distinguit et a mortal sin, if pollution is foreseen

dicit esse mortalia tactus impúdicos, to proceed from them, because since

si prasvideatur pollutio ex eis proven- these proximately lead to pollution,

tura ; quia, cum hi proxime influant and are not of themselves instituted

ad pollutionem, et non sint per se to promote conjugal affection, they

instituti ad fovendnm affectum con- are considered voluntary in effect j

jugalem, censentur voluntara in causa : otherwise if they are chaste, such as

Ρ

Ιθ6 THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED.

secus, si sint pudici, ut oscula et am- kisses and embraces, because such

plexus, quia actus isti per se inter acts are of themselves lawful among

conjuges sunt liciti, cum per se apti married parties, since they are natur-

sint ad fovendum conjugalem amorem. ally calculated to cherish conjugal

Tertia sententia, quam tenet Diana, love. The third opinion, maintained

p. 6, tr. 7. r. 6ζ. cum Praepos. et by Dian. &c, affirms that touches,

Vili, dicit tactus tam impúdicos quam both the unchaste and the chaste, are

púdicos esse mortalia, si praevideatur mortal sin, if danger of pollution be

periculum pollutionis. Ratio, quia foreseen. The reason is, because

ideo tactus licent inter conjuges, in touches are therefore lawful among

quantum quaeruntur intra limites ma- married people, in so far as they are

trimonii, in quantum nihil sequitur sought within the limits of matri-

repuguans fini et institutioni seminis : mony, or in so far as nothing follows

cum au tern praevidetur seminis dis- repugnant to the end and the institu-

persio, licet non intendatur, quales- tion of seed ; but when the dispersion

cumque tactus sunt illiciti. of seed is foreseen, although not in- tended, touches of whatsoever nature are unlawful.

An autem sit semper mortale, si But is it always a mortal sin, if the

vir immittat pudenda in os uχ ori s ? husband introduces his — into the

mouth of his wife ì

Negant Sanch. lib. 9. 17. n. 5. et It is denied by Sanchez and others,

Boss. cap. 7. n. 175. et 193. cum provided there be no danger of pollu-

Fill. ac Perez, modo absit periculum tion. But it is more truly affirmed by

pollutionis. Sed verius affirmant Spor. de Matrim. and others, both be-

Spor. de Matrim. n. 498. Tamb. lib. cause in this case, owing to the

7· c. 3. § 5. n. $3. et Diana p. 6. tract heat of the mouth, there is proxi-

7. r. 7. cum Fagund. turn quia in hoc mate danger of pollution, and be-

actu ob calorem oris adest proximum cause this appears of itself a new

periculum pollutionis, turn quia haec species of luxury, repugnant to na-

per se videtur nova species luxuriae ture (called by some* irrumati&n)f

contra naturam (dicta ab aliquibus for as often as another vessel than the

irrumaiio) : semper enim ac quaeritur natural vessel ordained for copulation,

a viro aliud vas, piaster vas naturale is sought by the man, it seems a new

ad copulara institutum, videtur nova species of luxury. However, Spor.

THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED. IO7

species luxuriae. Excipit tamen and others make an exception, if that Sporer i.e. cum. Fill, et Marchant, be done casually j and in truth, San- si id obiter fiat j et hoc revera sentire chez seems to be of this opinion, videtur etiana Sanch. dum excusât whilst he excuses that act from mortal actum ilium a mortali., si cesset omne sin, should all danger of pollution periculum pollutionis. Excipit etiam cease. Pal., also, makes an excep- Pal. p. 4. § 2. num. 6. si vir hoc tion, "if the husband does this to faeeret, ut se excìtet ad copulam na- excite himself for natural copulation." turalem. Sed ex praedictis neutrum But, from what has been said before, admittendum puto. Eodem autem I think neither ought to be admitted, modo Sanchez loc. eit. n. 32 in fin. In the same manner, Sanchez con- damnât virum de mortali, qui in actu demns a man of mortal sin, who, in copulae immiteret digitum in vas prae- the act of copulation, introduces his posterum uxoris, quia (ut ait) in hoc finger into the hinder vessel of the actu adest affectus ad sodomiam. wife, because (he says) in this act Ego autem censeo posse quidem re- there is a disposition to sodomy, periri talem effectum in actu j sed per But I am of opinion that such effect per se loquendo hunc effectum non may be found in the act 5 but, speak- agnosco in tali actu insitum. Ceter- ing of itself, I do not acknow- um, graviter semper increpandos dico ledge this effect natural in the act. conjuges hujusmodi fœdum actum ex- But I say that husbands practising a ercentes.—Lig. torn. 6. n. 93$. foul act of this nature, ought always

to be severely rebuked.—Lig. vol. 6,

• · 935-

Quaer. IV. An sit mortalis delecta- It is asked, Does morose gratifica- do morosa in conjuge de copula habita tion in a married party, respecting vel habenda, quae tamen non possit copulation had or to be had which yet haben de praesenti, Adsunt tres sen- cannot be had for the present, amount tentiae. Prima sententia affirmât ; et to mortai sin ?—There are three hanc tenent Pont. lib. 10, c. i6, n. 21, opinions. The first opinion affirms Wigandt. tr. 4.» n. 59, Sylv. ac Vega, it; and this is maintained by Pont. Rodriq. et Die. apud Salm. c. ij, n. &c, who call it probable mortal sin. 88. qui probabilem vocant. Ratio, The reason is, because such gratifica- quia talis delectatio est quasi inchoata tion is, as it were, begun pollution, pollutio, quae, cum eo tempore non for since it cannot be had at that

Ιθ8 THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED.

possit haberi modo debito, omnino fit time in a lawful manner, it is alto-

illicita. Secunda vero sententia com- gether illicit. But the second opinion,

munior negat ; eamque tenent Pont, more common, denies this j and this

p. 4, q. 8, n. 12. Spor. n. 505. Croix opinion is maintained by Pont, &c.

n. 337» cum Suar, et Sanchez, 1. 9, d. This opinion says that such gratifica-

44. n. 3, cum S. Anton. Palud Cajet, tion is not a mortal sin, if there be no

Viguer. et communi, ut asserit, utque danger of pollution, but it is only a

fatetur etiam. Pontius, item Conick., venial sin. It is venial, because it

&c, qui etiam probabilem putant. wants the due end, since it cannot be

Haec sententia dicit talem delectatio- ordained for present copulation. But

nem non esse mortalem, si absit peri- it is not mortal sin, since gratification

culum pollutionis, sed tantum venia- derives its good or bad qualities from

lem. Est venialis, quia ipsa caret the object; and since copulation is

debito fine, cum non possit ordinari lawful for married persons, its gratifi-

ad copulam praesentem. Non est cation cannot be grievously unlawful

autem mortalis, quia delectatio sumit to them. And this is expressly fa-

suam bonitatem vel malitiam ab ob- voured by what St. Thomas says,—

jecto j et cum copula sit licita con- ** As carnal intercourse is not a mortal

jugatis, non potest esse eis graviter sin to a married person, the consent

illicita ilüus delectatio. Et huic ex- to gratification cannot be a greater sin

presse fa vet id quod ait D. Thom. de than the consent to the act.'* And

Malo, q. 15, art. 2, ad. 17,ubi: Sicut this is admitted by Spor. although the

carnalis commixtio non est peccatum venereal gratification arising from the

mortale Conjugàto, non potest esse moving of the passions be bad.

gravius peccatum consensus in delec- Lastly, the third opinion, maintained

tationem, quam consenus in actum. by Salm. distinguishes and says, that

Idque admittit Spor. etiamsi babeatur if the gratification be without moving

delectatio venerea orta ex commotiohe of the passions, it will not be mortal

spiritnum. Tertia demum sententia, —otherwise, if accompanied by the

quam tenent Salm. d. c. 15, n. 90, moving and titillation of the parts.

di stingilit et dicit, quod, si delectatio I will proffer my own opinion : If the

sit absque commotione spirituum non gratification be had not only with the

ent mortalis 5 secus, si cum comino- moving of the passions, but also with

tione et titillatione partium. Ego titillation, or venereal pleasure, I am

meum judicium proferam. Si delec- of opinion that that cannot be excused

THE CONFESSIONAL UNMASKED. IOÇ

tatio habeatur non solum cum com- from mortal sin, because such gratifi-

motione spirituum, sed etiam cum cation is proximately allied to danger

titillatione sen voluptate venerea, of pollution. I think that the contrary

sentio cum Cone. p. 408, n. 10, should be said, if it be not attended

(contra Sporer ut supra) earn non with that voluptuous titillation, because

posse excusan a mortali, quia talis then danger of pollution is not proxi-

delectatio est proxime conjuncta cum mately annexed to the gratification,

periculo pollutionis. Secus vero puto although it may be attended with the

dicendum, si absit illa voluptuosa moving of the passions j and so, in

titillatio, quia tune non est delecta- truth, think Sanchez, &c, since there

tioni proxime adnexum perieulùm poi- he does not excuse the gratification

lutionis, etiamsi adsit commotio spiri- with venereal pleasure, but only, as

tuum 5 et sic reverá sentit Sanchez, 1. he says, with the excitement and

c. n. 4, cum Vasque, cum ibi non moving of the parts without danger

excuset delectationem cum voluptate of pollution. But since such moving

venerea, sed tantum, ut ait, cum com- is nearly allied to that voluptuous

motione et alteratione partium absque titillation, therefore married couples

pollutionis periculo. At quia talis are to be especially exhorted to abstain

commotio propinqua est Uli titillationi from morose gratification of this na-

voluptuosae, ideo maxime hortandi ture. It is also to be observed that this

sunt conjuges, ut abstineant ab hujus- is altogether illicit in a husband, who

modi delectatione morosa. Item ad- is bound by a vow of chastity, as is

vertendum earn esse omnio illicitam commonly said by Sanchez and others,

in con juge, qui esset obstrictus voto —Lig, ν. 6, η. 937· castitatis, ut dicunt communiter San- chez, d. d. 44, n. 26, et Boss. e. 7, n. 201, cum Vasq. Fill, el aliis.—Lig, t. 6, η. 937-

Petrus Dens was born at Boom near Antwerp, September 1 a, 1690, and died 1.5 February, 1775, at Mechlin, in the cathedral and college of which city he held office. His life appears to have been chaste, laborious, and uneventful.*

• fetologi* Canftut Complttttö, vol. 7, p. 1582.

HO NOTICE OP PETRUS DENS.

Although generally left unnoticed by both biographers and bibliographers, his works, concerning which there has been much controversy, are authoritative, and have been used as the ground work for the text books of Maynooth College. The most complete edition is : CfceOlOffta JWoraító et Μθ$* XtliitiCà Reverendi et Eruditissimi Domini Petri Dens, &c. Editto Nova, et jihsolutissima, &c. Dublini : Ex Typ. Richardi Coyne, &c. mdcccxxxii. i2mo. (counts 6), 8 vols. There is also an edition of Mechlin, 1828, 7 vols.

Alphonsus Maria di Liguori was born at Naples, Sep- tember 26, 1696, and died at Nocera-de'-Pagani, August 1, 1787. Educated for the bar, he practised that calling for some time at Naples, but quitted it for the church, and was ordained August 31, 1722. He founded a society of missionaries, and became a bishop. In 1816 he was canon- ized. His life was one of great purity.* His numerous works will be found noticed by the leading biographers.-f- In his iïlannri fces» COttfeSiöeursi, Mgr Gaume has embodied Liguori's Pratique des Confesseurs^ and added a brief but eulogistic sketch of his career. On the other hand, M. Fred. Busch, basing his observations upon the Compendium tkeo- ¡ogiœ morali s, &c. ex Β. Liguori o excerpsit J. P. Moullet,

• 33tograpf)te llïnflitrftÏÏ*, (Michaud), vol. 24, p» 533.

t &a ¿fPrance Etttiratre, vol. 5, p. 3085 JHamitlttu ftiftrairt, vol. 3, col. 1078.

NOTICE OF A. M. DI LIGUORI. Ill

&c. Frihurgi &c. 1834, has, in his BfrOUbttttö ìl'tltt 35(6* ItopÖflt, pointed out many of the immoral and obscene points in Liguori's teaching. M. Busch submits to the judgment of his readers : " si des livres importés de l'étranger et renfermant une confusion perpétuelle de toutes les notions du bien et du mal, du juste et de l'injuste, enseignant des principles subversifs, infâmes, peuvent s'appeler des Traita de morale ; si des livres, encore plus coupables que ceux que nos anciens parlements faisaient brûler par la main du bourreau, doivent continuer à corrompre l'élite de notre jeunesse, et si les hommes qui cherchent à les propager ou à les soutenir, méritent le nom de chrétiens."

I cannot conclude this notice with more appropriate words than the following of M. Libri :* " A quoi bon tous ces cas, toutes ces distinctions subtiles, sinon à former des demi-hon- nêtes gens ? Sont-ils donc si rares aujourd'hui ? Pourquoi examiner si curieusement les excès de la dépravation ? Croit- on que les jeunes gens auxquels on enseigne ces choses seront tous à l'abri de la tentation, et ne sait-on pas que pour certaines matières la meilleure manière d'éviter,, c'est d'ignorer ? "

• Eettre* ¿ur h Clwgi, p. 102.

HáAagtm&ep tú Çoperp* Containing I. A Discovery of the most Secret Practices of the Secular, and Regular Romish Priests in their Auricular Confession.

II. A true Copy of the Pope's yearly Bull of Indul- gencies and Pardon of Sins, to all those that serve in the War against the Enemies of the Romish Religion. The Explanation of the Bull, with some Remarks upon it.

III. An Account of their Masses, privilegi Altars, Transubstantiation, and Purgatory, and of the Means, the Priests make use of, to delude the People.

IV. Of Inquisitors, and their Practices in several Instances.

V. Of their Prayers, Adoration of Images, and Relicks. Written by D. Antonio Gavin, bom and educated in Spain, some Years secular Priest in the Church of Rome, and since 1715, Minister of the Church of England, Dublin: Printed by George Grierson, at the Two Bibles, in Bssex-StreeL 1724.

8vo. (counts 4) ; pp. xxiii of title, dedication and preface, vii names of subscribers, and §66. This is the original edition, not generally mentioned by the bibliographers.