Standard (music)
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| - | :''This article refers to a music term. For other uses see [[Standard (disambiguation)]].'' | ||
| - | In music, a '''standard''' is a tune or song of established popularity. | + | In [[music]], a '''standard''' is a musical composition of established popularity, considered part of the "standard repertoire" of one or several [[music genre|genre]]s. |
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| + | Even though the standard repertoire of a given genre consists of a dynamic and partly subjective set of songs, these can be identified by having been performed or recorded by a variety of musical acts, often with different arrangements. In addition, standards are extensively [[Musical quotation|quoted]] by other works and commonly serve as the basis for [[musical improvisation]]. | ||
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| + | Standards may "[[Crossover (music)|cross over]]" from one genre's repertoire to another's; for example, many [[jazz standards]] have entered the [[pop music|pop]] repertoire, and many [[blues standards]] have entered the [[rock music|rock]] repertoire. | ||
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| + | Standards exist in the [[classical music|classical]], [[popular music|popular]] and [[folk music|folk]] music traditions of all cultures. In the context of Western classical music, the standard repertoire constitutes most of what is considered the "teaching canon", i.e. the compositions that students learn in their academic training. | ||
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| + | The standard repertoire varies according to the different eras, movements and scenes within a genre, meaning that the extent to which a given composition is considered a standard or "repertoire piece" may vary greatly. | ||
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| + | However, some repertoires (e.g. concert piano) have become particularly static, giving rise to a divide between "standard-repertoire performers" and contemporary music advocates. | ||
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| + | ==Formal aspects== | ||
| + | Standards mostly possess "canonical" structures which pervade the repertoire. Thus, classical piano recitals tend to contain Classical-period sonatas, as well as forms from the Baroque, Romantic and contemporary eras. Popular standards in the Western tradition often have one of four basic song structures: [[strophic form]] (AAA), [[twelve-bar blues]] progression (AAB), [[thirty-two-bar form]] (AABA) or a [[verse–chorus form]] (ABAB). | ||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| + | * [[Adult standards]] (radio format) | ||
| * [[Blues standard]] | * [[Blues standard]] | ||
| * [[Jazz standard]] | * [[Jazz standard]] | ||
| * [[Pop standard]] | * [[Pop standard]] | ||
| * [[Great American Songbook]] | * [[Great American Songbook]] | ||
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| - | ==Further reading== | ||
| - | * ''Greatest Rock Standards'', published by [[Hal Leonard]] ISBN 0793588391 | ||
| - | * ''Jazz Standards'', published by Hal Leonard ISBN 0793588723 | ||
| - | * ''Blues Standards'', published by Hal Leonard ISBN 063409260X | ||
| - | * ''Latin Standards'', published by Hal Leonard ISBN 063406939X | ||
| - | * ''Folk Standards, 3 Guitars'', arranged by Karl Bruckner. Published by Universal Edition ISBN 3702459537 | ||
| - | * ''Country Standards'', published by Hal Leonard ISBN 0634069063 | ||
| - | * ''Pop Standards'', published by Hal Leonard ISBN 1423421914 | ||
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In music, a standard is a musical composition of established popularity, considered part of the "standard repertoire" of one or several genres.
Even though the standard repertoire of a given genre consists of a dynamic and partly subjective set of songs, these can be identified by having been performed or recorded by a variety of musical acts, often with different arrangements. In addition, standards are extensively quoted by other works and commonly serve as the basis for musical improvisation.
Standards may "cross over" from one genre's repertoire to another's; for example, many jazz standards have entered the pop repertoire, and many blues standards have entered the rock repertoire.
Standards exist in the classical, popular and folk music traditions of all cultures. In the context of Western classical music, the standard repertoire constitutes most of what is considered the "teaching canon", i.e. the compositions that students learn in their academic training.
The standard repertoire varies according to the different eras, movements and scenes within a genre, meaning that the extent to which a given composition is considered a standard or "repertoire piece" may vary greatly.
However, some repertoires (e.g. concert piano) have become particularly static, giving rise to a divide between "standard-repertoire performers" and contemporary music advocates.
Formal aspects
Standards mostly possess "canonical" structures which pervade the repertoire. Thus, classical piano recitals tend to contain Classical-period sonatas, as well as forms from the Baroque, Romantic and contemporary eras. Popular standards in the Western tradition often have one of four basic song structures: strophic form (AAA), twelve-bar blues progression (AAB), thirty-two-bar form (AABA) or a verse–chorus form (ABAB).
See also
