French landscape garden
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| - | + | The '''French landscape garden''' ({{lang-fr|jardin paysager, jardin a l'anglaise, jardin pittoresque, jardin anglo-chinois}}) is a style of garden inspired by idealized Italian landscapes and the romantic paintings of [[Hubert Robert]], [[Claude Lorrain]] and [[Nicolas Poussin]], European ideas about [[Chinese garden]]s, and the philosophy of [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]]. The style originated in England, as the '[[English landscape garden]],' in the early 18th century and spread to France, where, in the late 18th and early 19th century, it gradually replaced the formal, symmetrical garden [[Garden à la française|à la française]]. | |
| - | The [[garden]] at Ermenonville was one of the earliest and finest examples of the [[French landscape garden]]. The garden at Ermenonville was planned by Marquis [[René Louis de Girardin]], the friend and final patron of Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Girardin's master plan drew its inspiration from Rousseau's novels and philosophy of the nobility of Nature. Rousseau's tomb is prominently situated on the [[artificial island]] in Ermenonville's lake. It is remarked that [[Hubert Robert]] was the architect. Created with care and craft, the garden came to resemble a natural environment, almost a wilderness, appearing untouched by any human intervention. Girardin admired the work of [[William Shenstone]] at [[The Leasowes]] and made a {{lang|fr|''[[ferme ornee]]''}} ({{lang|en|Ornate<!--not sure the best tr here --> Farm}}) at Ermenonville. An imitation of Rousseau's island is at [[Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm]], Germany. | + | |
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| - | During the early nineteenth century it was much visited and admired.{{cn|date=February 2011}} The garden at Ermenonville was described by Girardin's son in 1811 in an elegant tour-book with [[aquatint]] plates that reveal Girardin's love of diverse vistas that capture painterly landscape effects. Enhancing the elegiac mood of these views were the altars and monuments, the 'Rustic Temple', and other details meant to evoke Rousseau's ''[[Julie, ou la nouvelle Héloïse]]''. | + | |
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| - | Nearby is Rousseau's 'cabin' in the secluded désert of Ermenonville. | + | |
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| - | Napoleon Bonaparte visited Ermenonville, where he remarked to Girardin that it might have been better for the French peace that neither he nor Rousseau had ever been born. Girardin retold this story again and again after the fact. | + | |
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The French landscape garden (Template:Lang-fr) is a style of garden inspired by idealized Italian landscapes and the romantic paintings of Hubert Robert, Claude Lorrain and Nicolas Poussin, European ideas about Chinese gardens, and the philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The style originated in England, as the 'English landscape garden,' in the early 18th century and spread to France, where, in the late 18th and early 19th century, it gradually replaced the formal, symmetrical garden à la française.
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "French landscape garden" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on original research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
