1920s Paris
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| + | American writers such as [[Ernest Hemingway]], [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]], [[T. S. Eliot]], [[Ezra Pound]], and [[Gertrude Stein]] settled in Paris. [[African-American]] expatriation to Paris also boomed after World War I, beginning with [[black American veteran]]s who preferred the subtler [[racism]] of Paris to the oppressive racism and segregation in the United States, which often involved [[lynching]]s in the [[American South]]. In the 1920s [[African-American writer]]s, artists, and musicians arrived in Paris and popularized [[jazz]] in Parisian [[nightclub]]s, a time when [[Montmartre]] was know as "the Harlem of Paris." Some notable African-American expatriates from the 1920s onward included [[Josephine Baker]], [[Langston Hughes]], [[Richard Wright]], [[James Baldwin]], [[Miles Davis]], and [[Charlie Parker]]. | ||
| ==Negrophilia== | ==Negrophilia== | ||
| 1920s Paris saw a craze for all things African, now known as Negrophilia. Collecting African art, listening to jazz and to dancing the [[Charleston (dance)|Charleston]], the [[Lindy Hop]] or the [[Black Bottom (dance)|Black Bottom]], was a sign of being modern and fashionable. Sources of inspiration were inanimate African art objects (''[[l'art nègre]]'') that found their way into Paris as a result of colonial trade with Africa as well as live performances by African-Americans many of whom were ex-soldiers remaining in European cities after the First World War who turned to entertainment for a source of income. Perhaps the most popular revue and entertainer during this time was'' [[La Revue nègre]]'' (1925) starring [[Josephine Baker]]. | 1920s Paris saw a craze for all things African, now known as Negrophilia. Collecting African art, listening to jazz and to dancing the [[Charleston (dance)|Charleston]], the [[Lindy Hop]] or the [[Black Bottom (dance)|Black Bottom]], was a sign of being modern and fashionable. Sources of inspiration were inanimate African art objects (''[[l'art nègre]]'') that found their way into Paris as a result of colonial trade with Africa as well as live performances by African-Americans many of whom were ex-soldiers remaining in European cities after the First World War who turned to entertainment for a source of income. Perhaps the most popular revue and entertainer during this time was'' [[La Revue nègre]]'' (1925) starring [[Josephine Baker]]. | ||
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After World War I, Paris emerged into an energetic but restless interwar period, enlivened by the arrival of glamorous émigrés such as Joséphine Baker. It was a troubled political period, however, especially when the Great Depression hit Paris.
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Nomenclature
The period is also known as Les Années Folles, corresponding with the Roaring Twenties in the Anglosphere.
Montparnasse and Montmartre
Like its counterpart Montmartre in the mid-19th century, Montparnasse became famous at the beginning of the 20th century, when it was the heart of intellectual and artistic life in Paris.
Lost Generation
American writers such as Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, T. S. Eliot, Ezra Pound, and Gertrude Stein settled in Paris. African-American expatriation to Paris also boomed after World War I, beginning with black American veterans who preferred the subtler racism of Paris to the oppressive racism and segregation in the United States, which often involved lynchings in the American South. In the 1920s African-American writers, artists, and musicians arrived in Paris and popularized jazz in Parisian nightclubs, a time when Montmartre was know as "the Harlem of Paris." Some notable African-American expatriates from the 1920s onward included Josephine Baker, Langston Hughes, Richard Wright, James Baldwin, Miles Davis, and Charlie Parker.
Negrophilia
1920s Paris saw a craze for all things African, now known as Negrophilia. Collecting African art, listening to jazz and to dancing the Charleston, the Lindy Hop or the Black Bottom, was a sign of being modern and fashionable. Sources of inspiration were inanimate African art objects (l'art nègre) that found their way into Paris as a result of colonial trade with Africa as well as live performances by African-Americans many of whom were ex-soldiers remaining in European cities after the First World War who turned to entertainment for a source of income. Perhaps the most popular revue and entertainer during this time was La Revue nègre (1925) starring Josephine Baker.
In fiction
- A Moveable Feast by Ernest Hemingway
- Midnight in Paris by Woody Allen
Nightclubs, bars and brothels
See also
- French Wikipedia article on Années folles
- La garçonne
- Negrophilia
- Aftermath of World War I
- French jazz
- 1920s
- Artistic Montparnasse
- Lost Generation
- Art Deco
- Surrealism
- Jazz Age
