Massa carnis  

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The often repeated "massa carnis" (Latin for massa carnis, heap or lump of flesh) by Martin Luther, from his Tischreden refers to changelings (Wechselkinder).

"Vor acht Jahren war zu Dessau eines, dass ich, Doctor Martinus Luther gesehen hab, welches zwölf Jahr alt war, seine Augen und alle Sinne hatte, dass man meinte, es wär ein recht Kind. Dasselbige thät nichts, denn dass es nur frass, und zwar soviel als irgends vier Bauern oder Drescher. Es frass, schiss und seichte, und wenn mans angriff, so schrie es. Wenns übel im Hause zuging, dass Schaden geschah, so lachete es, gings aber wohl zu, so weinete es. Diese zwo Tugend hatte es an sich. Da sagte ich zu dem Fursten von Anhalt: Wenn ich da Furst oder Herr wäre, so wollte ich mit diesem Kind ins Wasser, in die Molde, so bei Dessau fleust und wollte das homicidium wagen!
Aber der Kurfürst zu Sachsen, so mit zu Dessau war, und der Fürst zu Anhalt wollten mir nicht folgen. Da sprach ich:
So sollten sie in der Kirchen der Christen ein Vaterunser beten lassen, dass der Liebe Gott den Teufel wegnähme. Das thate man täglich zu Dessau; da starb dasselbige Wechselkind im anderen Jahre darnach. Also muss es da auch sein. Als Luther darauf gefragt wurde, warum er solches gerathen hätte, antwortete er, dass er‘s gänzlich dafür hielte, dass ein solche Wechselkinder nur ein Stück Fleisch, eine massa carnis, seien, da keine Seele innen ist, denn solches könne der Teufel wohl machen, wie er sonst die Menschen, die Vernuft, ja Leib und Seele haben, verderbt, wenn er sie leiblich besitzt, dass sie nicht hören, sehen, noch etwas fühlen, er machet sie stumm, taub, blind. Da ist denn der Teufel in solche Wechselbälgen als ihre Seel"

Translation from Northern mythology : comprising the principal popular traditions and superstitions of Scandinavia, North Germany, and The Netherlands, volume 2:

" In the year 1541 Dr. Luther mentioned this subject at table, adding, that he had told the Prince of Anhalt that such changelings should be drowned. On being asked why he had so advised ? he answered, that it was his firm helief that such changelings were only a lump of flesh, a massa carnis, as there was no soul in them, for such the devil could easily make, as well as he can destroy men, who have body, reason and soul, when he possesses them bodily, so that they neither hear nor see nor feel anything ; he makes them dumb, deaf and blind ; the devil is therefore in such changelings as their soul."
" Eight years ago there was a changeling in Dessau, which I, Dr. Martin Luther, have both seen and touched ; it was twelve years old and had all its senses, so that people thought it was a proper child ; hut that mattered little ; for it only ate, and that as much as any four ploughmen or thrashers, and when any one touched it it screamed ; when things in the house went wrong, so that any damage took place, it laughed and was merry ; but if things went well, it cried. Thereupon I said to the Prince of Anhalt : If I were prince or ruler here, I would have this child thrown into the water, into the Moldau that flows by Dessau, and would run the risk of being a homicide. But the Elector of Saxony, who was then at Dessau, and the Prince of Anhalt would not follow my advice. I then said : They ought to cause a Pater noster to be said in the church, that God would take the devil away from them. That was done daily at Dessau, and the said changeling died two years after." See Dobeneck, i. p. 168.




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