Secularization
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| - | '''Secular music''' is non-[[sacred music]] that developed in the [[Medieval period]] and was used in the renaissance . Renaissance musicians wrote a lot of secular music. Swaying authority from the [[Christian Church|church]] that focused more on [[Common Law]] influenced all aspects of Medieval life, including music. Secular music in the Middle Ages included love songs, [[political satire]], dances, and dramatic works. [[Drum]]s, [[harps]], [[recorder]]s, and [[bagpipes]] were the [[Musical instrument|instruments]] used in secular music because they were easy for the traveling musicians to tote around. Instruments were taught through oral tradition and provided great dancing music and accompanied the stanzas well. Words are a large part of secular music so that common people can sing songs together for entertainment. Music styles were changed by [[secularization]]. The [[motet]] for example, moved out of the church and into the courts of nobility which then caused the motet to be forbidden in the church. The largest collection of secular music comes from poems about celebration and [[chivalry]] of the [[troubadour]]s from the south of France. These poems contain clever rhyme-schemes, varied use of refrain-lines or words, and different [[Metre (music)|metric]] patterns. [[Composers]] such as [[Josquin Des Prez]] did compositions for sacred and secular music. He composed 86 highly successful secular works in addition to the 119 sacred pieces. Secular music also was aided by the formation of literature during the reign of [[Charlemagne]] that included a collection of secular and semi-secular songs. | + | '''Secularization''' or '''secularisation''' generally refers to the transformation by which a [[society]] migrates from close identification with religious institutions to a more separated relationship. It is also the name given to a general belief about [[history]], namely that the development of society progresses toward [[modernization]] and lessening dependence on [[religion]] as religion loses its position of authority. |
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| + | Secularization has many levels of meaning, both as a [[theory]] and a historical process. Social theorists such as [[Karl Marx]], [[Sigmund Freud]], [[Max Weber]], and [[Émile Durkheim]], postulated that the modernization of society would include a decline in levels of [[religiosity]]. Study of this process seeks to determine the manner in which, or extent to which religious creeds, practices and institutions are losing their social significance (if at all). | ||
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| + | The term also has additional meanings, primarily historical. Applied to [[Church body|church]] property, secularization involves the abandonment of goods by the church where it is sold to purchasers after the [[government]] seizes the property, which most commonly happens after reasonable negotiations and arrangements are made. In [[Catholic]] [[theology]], the term can also denote the permission or authorization given for an individual (typically clergy, who become [[secular clergy]]) to live outside his or her religious [[colony]] ([[monastery]]), either for a fixed or permanent period. | ||
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Revision as of 08:26, 23 October 2009
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Secularization or secularisation generally refers to the transformation by which a society migrates from close identification with religious institutions to a more separated relationship. It is also the name given to a general belief about history, namely that the development of society progresses toward modernization and lessening dependence on religion as religion loses its position of authority.
Secularization has many levels of meaning, both as a theory and a historical process. Social theorists such as Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud, Max Weber, and Émile Durkheim, postulated that the modernization of society would include a decline in levels of religiosity. Study of this process seeks to determine the manner in which, or extent to which religious creeds, practices and institutions are losing their social significance (if at all).
The term also has additional meanings, primarily historical. Applied to church property, secularization involves the abandonment of goods by the church where it is sold to purchasers after the government seizes the property, which most commonly happens after reasonable negotiations and arrangements are made. In Catholic theology, the term can also denote the permission or authorization given for an individual (typically clergy, who become secular clergy) to live outside his or her religious colony (monastery), either for a fixed or permanent period.
