Catacomb of Priscilla
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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The Catacomb of Priscilla on the Via Salaria in Rome, Italy, is situated in what was a quarry in Roman times, currently located beneath the basilica San Martino ai Monti. The world's oldest-known image of Mary depicts her nursing the Infant Jesus, dating from the 2nd century.
This quarry was used for Christian burials from the late second century through the fourth century. Some of the walls and ceilings display fine decorations illustrating Biblical scenes. The Catacombs of Priscilla are believed to be named after Priscilla, a member of the gens Acilia and who was probably the wife of the Consul Acilius who became a Christian and was killed on the orders of Domitian. They contain a number of wall paintings of saints and early Christian symbols. Particularly notable is the "Greek Chapel" (Capella Greca), a square chamber with an arch which contains second century frescoes of Old and New Testament scenes, including the Fractio Panis. Above the apse is a Last Judgment. Near this are figures of the Madonna and Child and the Prophet Isaiah, also dating from the second century.
The catacomb of Priscilla, mentioned in all the ancient liturgical and topographic sources, has its modern entrance on the Via Salaria through the cloister of the monastery of the Benedictines of Priscilla. The Catacombs of Priscilla is divided into three principal areas: an arenarium, a cryptoportico from a large Roman villa, and an underground burial area of the noble Roman family Acilius Glabrio.
