Principia philosophiae cartesianae
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Principia philosophiae cartesianae or Renati Descartes Principia Philosophiae, More Geometrico Demonstrata is a philosophical work of Baruch Spinoza published in Amsterdam in 1663 including its appendix, Cogitata Metaphisica Template:Sic. This work is intended to consist interpretation of Principles of Philosophy by René Descartes, but de facto consists of Spinoza's own cosmology, ontology and theology. Principia philosophiae has three Parts and each Part consists of Definitions, Axioms or Lemmas and Propositions with Demonstrations. This structure of this work is similar to his later Ethics.
Principia Philosophiae
At first, at Prolegomenon of Part I, Spinoza esteem philosophical investigation of Descartes that;
- 1. To abolish all prejudices
- 2. To find fundament, by which all superstructure are.
- 3. To remove cause of errors.
- 4. To understand all clearly and distinctly.
And considers that the doubt of Descartes is unlike Scepticism that only doubt all, but to liberate our mind from all prejudices. And he identifies cogito ergo sum of Descartes' ego sum cogitans (I am a thinking being) as the substance.
Metaphysical Thoughts
To the Principia Philosophiae Spinoza added an appendix called Cogitata Metaphysica or Metaphysical Thoughts. It treats of real being, rational being, essence, existence, idea, potential, necessity, contingency, duration, time and other ontological matters. Part 2 examines the character and essence of God, while the last chapter addresses the human mind. The work mixes exposition of Cartesian claims with Spinoza's own original thinking.
