Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
|
Related e |
|
Wikipedia
Featured:  |
The Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital is a hospital in Paris. Salpêtrière was originally a gunpowder factory ("Saltpeter" being a constituent of gunpowder), but was converted to a dumping ground for the poor of Paris. Eventually it served as a prison for prostitutes, and a holding place for the mentally disabled, criminally insane, epileptics, and the poor; it was also notable for its famous population of rats.
During the French Revolutionary period, it was stormed by the mob and the prostitutes released, but others (probably madwomen) were less fortunate and were murdered.
One of its most famous professors, Jean-Martin Charcot, is often credited as the founder of modern neurology. His teaching activities on the Salpêtrière's wards helped to elucidate the natural history and pathophysiology of many human illnesses including neurosyphilis, epilepsy, and stroke.
La Salpêtrière is now a general teaching hospital with departments focusing on most major medical specialities.
Diana, Princess of Wales died in the Salpêtrière.
Famous doctors
Through its history, the Pitié-Salpétrière hosted famous doctors, among others:
- Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893), founder of modern neurology;
- Sigmund Freud (1856–1939), Charcot's student in Paris;
- Joseph Babinski (1857–1932), another Charcot's student;
- Philippe Pinel (1745–1826);
- Jean-Étienne Esquirol (1772–1840);
- Étienne-Jean Georget (1795–1828);
- Ernest-Charles Lasègue (1816–1883);
- Gérard Encausse (1865–1916)
- Jules Bernard Luys (1828–1897)
- Alfred Vulpian (1826–1893);
- Paul Richer (1849–1933), anatomist, collaborator of Charcot;
- Georges Gilles de la Tourette (1857–1904), neurologist;
- Pierre Janet (1859–1947), famous psychologist of the 19th century;
- Maria Montessori (1870–1952), famous pioneer in education;
- Jacques Lacan (1901–1981), famous psychoanalyst;
- Christian Cabrol (1925-), cardiac surgeon, performed Europe's first heart transplantation on April 27, 1968.
- Iradj Gandjbakhch (1931-), cardiac surgeon, performed Europe's first heart transplantation on April 27, 1968 along with Dr. Cabrol.
See also
- Une Leçon clinique à la Salpêtrière, (A Clinical Lesson at the Salpêtrière, 1887), a painting by André Brouillet.
- The Salpêtrière School of Hypnosis
- Louise Augustine
