Philip II of Spain
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Featured:  Illustration: Portrait fantaisiste du marquis de Sade (1866) by H. Biberstein |
Philip II (Spanish: Felipe II de Habsburgo; Portuguese: Filipe I) (May 21, 1527 – September 13 1598) was a European king. He was born at Valladolid and was the only legitimate son of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.
Family
Philip was married four times and had children with three of his wives. Even so, most of his children died young.
Philip's first wife was his double first cousin, Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal; she was daughter of John III of Portugal and Catherine of Habsburg. The marriage produced one son, at whose birth Maria died.
- Carlos, Prince of Asturias, (8 July 1545 – 24 July 1568), died unmarried and without issue.
Philip's second wife was his first cousin once removed, Queen Mary I of England. The marriage to Mary was political. By this marriage, Philip became jure uxoris King of England, but the marriage produced no children and Mary died in 1558.
Philip's third wife was Elisabeth of Valois, the eldest daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici. Their marriage produced five children. Elisabeth died hours after a miscarriage. Their children were:
- Miscarried twin daughters (1564).
- Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain (12 August 1566 – 1 December 1633), married Albert VII, Archduke of Austria, but had no issue.
- Catherine Michelle of Spain (10 October 1567 - 6 November 1597), married Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy, and had issue.
- miscarried or stillbirth son (1568).
Philip's fourth and final wife was Anna of Austria, who was also his niece-and cousin to her stepdaughter Catherine Michelle of Spain. This marriage produced four sons and a daughter. This marriage would be the first of three uncle-niece marriages that would be in the pedigree of the great grandson of Philip II, Charles II of Spain. Charles's genetically caused diseases would end the Habsburg line in Spain. Their children were:
- Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias: 4 December 1571 – 18 October 1578, died young
- Carlos Lorenzo: 12 August 1573 – 30 June 1575, died young
- Diego, Prince of Asturias: 15 August 1575 – 21 November 1582, died young
- Philip: 3 April 1578 – 31 March 1621 (future king, Philip III of Spain)
- Maria: 14 February 1580 – 5 August 1583, died young
See also
- Cultural depictions of Philip II of Spain
- Descendants of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon
- Eighty Years' War
- List of Portuguese monarchs
- List of Spanish monarchs
- The empire on which the sun never sets
- The Philippines
