Paris Peace Conference, 1919
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| - | The [[Kurdistan]] region was scheduled to have a referendum to decide its fate, which, according to Section III Articles 62–64, was to include the [[Mosul Province, Ottoman Empire|Mosul Province]]. | + | The '''Paris Peace Conference''', also known as the '''Versailles Peace Conference''', was the meeting in 1919 of the victorious [[Allies of World War I|Allied Powers]] following the end of [[World War I]] to set the peace terms for the defeated [[Central Powers]]. |
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| - | There was no general agreement among Kurds on what its borders should be, because of the disparity between the areas of Kurdish settlement and the political and administrative boundaries of the region. The outlines of Kurdistan as an entity were proposed in 1919 by [[Şerif Pasha]], who represented the [[Society for the Ascension of Kurdistan]] (''Kürdistan Teali Cemiyeti'') at the [[Paris Peace Conference, 1919|Paris Peace Conference]]. He defined the region's boundaries as follows: | + | |
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| - | <blockquote>The frontiers of Turkish Kurdistan, from an ethnographical point of view, begin in the north at [[Ziven]], on the Caucasian frontier, and continue westwards to [[Erzurum]], [[Erzincan]], [[Kemah, Turkey|Kemah]], [[Arapgir]], [[Besni]] and Divick ([[Divriği|Divrik]]?); in the south they follow the line from [[Harran]], [[Sinjar Mountains]], Tel Asfar, [[Erbil]], [[Sulaymaniyah|Süleymaniye]], Akk-el-man, [[Sinne]]; in the east, Ravandiz, [[Başkale]], [[Vezirkale]], that is to say the frontier of [[Persia]] as far as [[Mount Ararat]]. | + | |
| - | </blockquote> | + | |
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| - | This caused controversy among other Kurdish nationalists, as it excluded the [[Van Province|Van region]] (possibly as a sop to [[Armenian people|Armenian]] claims to that region). [[Emin Ali Bedir Khan]] proposed an alternative map which included Van and an outlet to the sea via Turkey's present [[Hatay Province]]. | + | |
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| - | Neither of these proposals was endorsed by the treaty of Sèvres, which outlined a truncated Kurdistan, located on what is now Turkish territory (leaving out the Kurds of [[Iran]], British-controlled [[Mandatory Iraq|Iraq]] and French-controlled [[French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon|Syria]]). However, even that plan was never implemented as the Treaty of Sèvres was replaced by the [[Treaty of Lausanne (1923)|Treaty of Lausanne]]. The current Iraq–Turkey border was agreed in July 1926. | + | |
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| - | Also article 63 grants explicitly full safeguard and protection to the [[Assyrian people|Assyro-Chaldean]] minority. This reference was later dropped in the Treaty of Lausanne. | + | |
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| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| - | *[[Treaty of Sèvres]] | + | * [[The Inquiry]] |
| - | * [[Kurdistan]] | + | * [[Causes of World War II]] |
| - | + | * [[International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)]] | |
| + | * [[Minority Treaties]] | ||
| + | * [[Czech Corridor]] | ||
| + | * [[League of Nations mandate]] | ||
| + | * [[Commission of Responsibilities]] | ||
| + | * [[Congress of Vienna]] | ||
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The Paris Peace Conference, also known as the Versailles Peace Conference, was the meeting in 1919 of the victorious Allied Powers following the end of World War I to set the peace terms for the defeated Central Powers.
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See also
- The Inquiry
- Causes of World War II
- International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)
- Minority Treaties
- Czech Corridor
- League of Nations mandate
- Commission of Responsibilities
- Congress of Vienna
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