October 11  

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== Art and culture == == Art and culture ==
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-*[[1531]] - [[Huldrych Zwingli]] is killed in battle with the Roman Catholic cantons of Switzerland. 
-*[[1582]] - Because of the implementation of the [[Gregorian calendar]], this day does not exist in this year in [[Italy]], [[Poland]], [[Portugal]] and [[Spain]]. 
-*[[1614]] - [[Adriaen Block]] and 12 [[Amsterdam]] merchants petition the [[Estates-General of the Netherlands|States General]] for exclusive trading rights in the [[New Netherland]] colony. 
-*[[1776]] - [[American Revolution]]: [[Battle of Valcour Island]] - On [[Lake Champlain]] 15 [[United States|American]] gunboats are defeated but give Patriot forces enough time to prepare defenses of [[New York City]]. 
-*[[1809]] - Along the [[Natchez Trace]] in [[Tennessee]], explorer [[Meriwether Lewis]] dies under mysterious circumstances at an inn called Grinder's Stand.  
-*[[1811]] - Inventor [[John Stevens (inventor)|John Stevens]]' boat, the ''Juliana'', begins operation as the first [[steam]]-powered [[ferry]] (service between [[New York, New York]], and [[Hoboken, New Jersey]]). 
-*[[1852]] - The [[University of Sydney]], [[Australia]]'s oldest [[university]], is inaugurated in [[Sydney]]. 
-*[[1862]] - [[American Civil War]]: In the aftermath of the [[Battle of Antietam]], [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] General [[J.E.B. Stuart]] and his men loot [[Chambersburg, Pennsylvania]], during a raid into the north. 
-*[[1864]] - [[Campina Grande ]], [[Brazil]] was established as a [[city]]. 
-*[[1865]] - [[Paul Bogle]] led hundreds of black men and women in a march in [[Jamaica]], starting the [[Morant Bay rebellion]]. 
-*[[1890]] - In [[Washington, DC]], the [[Daughters of the American Revolution]] is founded.  
-*[[1899]] - [[Second Boer War]] begins: In [[South Africa]], a war between the [[United Kingdom]] and the [[Boers]] of the [[Transvaal]] and [[Orange Free State]] erupts. 
-*[[1906]] - [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]] public school board sparks [[United States]] diplomatic crisis with [[Japan]] by ordering Japanese students to be taught in racially segregated schools. 
-*[[1910]] - Ex-president [[Theodore Roosevelt]] becomes the first U.S. president to fly in an airplane. He flew for four minutes with [[Arch Hoxsey]] in a plane built by the [[Wright Brothers]] at Kinloch Field ([[Lambert-St. Louis International Airport]]), [[St. Louis, Missouri]]. 
-*[[1929]] - [[JC Penney]] opens store #1252 in [[Milford, Delaware]], making it a nationwide company with stores in all 48 [[U.S. state]]s. 
-*[[1930]] - [[Collingwood Football Club]] in [[Melbourne]], [[Australia]], won the premiership (football competition) for the fourth consecutive year. 
-*[[1939]] - [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] receives letter from [[Einstein]] about atom bomb. 
-*[[1942]] - [[World War II]]: [[Battle of Cape Esperance]] - On the northwest coast of [[Guadalcanal]], [[United States Navy]] ships intercept and defeat a [[Japan]]ese fleet on their way to reinforce troops on the island. 
-*[[1944]] - [[Tuvinian People's Republic]] or formerly [[Tannu Tuva]] was annexed by the U.S.S.R 
-*[[1950]] - The U.S. [[Federal Communications Commission]] issues the first license to broadcast [[television]] in color, to [[CBS]] ([[RCA]] will successfully dispute and block the license from taking effect, however).  
-*[[1954]] - [[First Indochina War]]: The [[Viet Minh]] take control of [[North Vietnam]].  
-*[[1958]] - [[Pioneer program]]: [[NASA]] launches the lunar probe [[Pioneer 1]] (the probe falls back to [[Earth]] and burns up).  
-*[[1962]] - [[Second Vatican Council]]: [[Pope John XXIII]] convenes the first [[ecumenical council]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] in 92 years.  
-*[[1967]] - [[Afghanistan|Afghan]] [[Heads of Government of Afghanistan|Prime Minister]] [[Mohammad Hashim Maiwandwal]] resigns for health reasons 
-*[[1968]] - [[Project Apollo|Apollo program]]: [[NASA]] launches ''[[Apollo 7]],'' the first successful manned Apollo mission, with [[astronaut]]s [[Wally Schirra]], [[Donn F. Eisele]] and [[Walter Cunningham]] aboard.  
-*[[1975]] - The [[NBC]] sketch comedy/variety show ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' debuts with [[George Carlin]] as the host and [[Janis Ian]] and [[Billy Preston]] as musical guests.  
-*[[1982]] - The [[Mary Rose]], a Tudor gunship which sunk on July 18 1545, is raised from the sea bed in the Solent Channel, near Portsmouth. 
-*[[1984]] - Aboard the [[Space Shuttle Challenger|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'']], astronaut [[Kathryn D. Sullivan]] becomes the first [[United States|American]] woman to perform a [[space walk]].  
-*[[1986]] - [[Cold War]]: [[U.S.]] President [[Ronald Reagan]] and [[USSR|Soviet]] leader [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] [[Reykjavik Summit|meet]] in [[Reykjavík]], [[Iceland]], in an effort to continue discussions about scaling back their intermediate [[missile]] arsenals in [[Europe]]. 
-*[[1987]] - [[1987 in gay rights|March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights]] attracts an estimated [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health&res=9B0DE7DA1E3CF931A25753C1A961948260 200,000] people to protest the ''[[Bowers v. Hardwick]]'' decision and the U.S. government's handling of the [[AIDS]] epidemic; first public display of the [[NAMES Project AIDS Memorial Quilt]]. 
-*[[1998]] - A [[Congo Airlines]] [[Boeing 727]] is shot down by rebels in Kindu, [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], killing 40 
-*[[2000]] - The 100th [[Space Shuttle]] mission ([[STS-92]]) is flown. 
-*[[2001]] - The [[Polaroid Corporation]] files for federal [[bankruptcy]] protection. 
-*[[2002]] - A [[Myyrmanni bombing|bomb]] attack in a shopping mall in [[Vantaa]], [[Finland]] kills seven. 
-*[[2007]] - The Major League Divisional Championships Playoffs 
==Births== ==Births==

Revision as of 16:53, 9 October 2007

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Art and culture

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Notes

  1. Jean Cocteau
  2. Jacques Sternberg
  3. Art Blakey
  4. I, a Woman
  5. Émile Cohl
  6. Émile Goudeau
  7. Édith Piaf
   * Jean Cocteau
   * R. H. W. Dillard





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