List of Middle East peace proposals
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| + | This is a reversed chronological '''list of peace proposals in the [[Middle East]]''', often abbreviated under the '''Mideast peace''' concept. | ||
| - | The '''two-state solution''' refers to a solution of the [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict]] which calls for "two states for two groups of people." The two-state solution envisages an independent [[State of Palestine]] alongside the [[Israel|State of Israel]], west of the [[Jordan River]]. The boundary between the two states is still subject to dispute and negotiation, with Palestinian and Arab leadership insisting on the "1967 borders", which is not accepted by Israel. The territory of the former Mandate Palestine which shall not form part of the Palestinian State, shall be part of Israeli territory. | + | ==Arab Winter peace and reconciliation proposals== |
| - | There have been many [[Israeli-Palestinian peace process|diplomatic efforts]] to realize a two state solution, starting from the 1991 [[Madrid Conference]]. There followed the 1993 [[Oslo Accords]] and the failed [[2000 Camp David Summit]] followed by the [[Taba Summit|Taba negotiations]] in early 2001. In 2002, the [[Arab League]] proposed the [[Arab Peace Initiative]]. The latest initiative, which also failed, was the [[2013–14 Israeli–Palestinian peace talks|2013–14 peace talks]]. | + | ===Egyptian Crisis reconciliation=== |
| + | *[[Egyptian constitutional referendum, 2012]] | ||
| + | *[[Egyptian constitutional referendum, 2014]] | ||
| - | == See also == | + | ===[[Syrian Civil War peace process]]=== |
| - | * [[State of Judea]] | + | * [[Arab League peace plans for Syria|Arab League peace plan]] |
| - | * [[List of Middle East peace proposals]] | + | ** [[Arab League monitors in Syria|Arab League observers mission]] December 2011–January 2012 |
| - | * [[United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine]] | + | * [[Russia's role in the Syrian Civil War|Russian resolution proposal]] on Syrian uprising |
| + | * [[Kofi Annan Syrian peace plan]] February–August 2012 | ||
| + | ** [[United Nations Supervision Mission in Syria]] | ||
| + | * [[Lakhdar Brahimi Syrian peace plan]] – since August 17, 2012 | ||
| + | * [[U.S.–Russia peace proposals on Syria]] – May 2013 proposal to organise a peace conference | ||
| + | ** [[Geneva II Conference on Syria]] – January 2014 | ||
| + | * [[2015 Zabadani cease-fire agreement]] – between Syrian Opposition and Assad Government | ||
| + | * [[Vienna peace talks for Syria]] | ||
| + | * [[Four committees initiative]] | ||
| + | * [[Geneva peace talks on Syria (2016)|Geneva III]] | ||
| + | * [[Geneva peace talks on Syria (2017)|Geneva IV]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Yemeni Crisis reconciliation=== | ||
| + | * [[Yemeni crisis reconciliation attempts]] | ||
| + | * [[Yemeni presidential election, 2012]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Fatah–Hamas reconciliation talks== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[Fatah–Hamas Mecca Agreement]] (2007) | ||
| + | * [[Fatah–Hamas conflict#April 2011 Cairo agreement|2011 Cairo accords (2011)]] | ||
| + | * [[Fatah–Hamas Doha Agreement]] (2012) | ||
| + | * [[2012 Fatah–Hamas Cairo Agreement|May 2012 Cairo agreement]] | ||
| + | * [[2014 Fatah–Hamas Gaza Agreement]] | ||
| + | * [[2017 Fatah–Hamas Agreement]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Iran nuclear talks== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[P5+1]], 2006 diplomatic efforts | ||
| + | * [[Iran nuclear deal framework]] | ||
| + | * [[Joint Plan of Action]] (2013) | ||
| + | * [[Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action]] (2015) | ||
| + | * [[February 2019 Warsaw Conference]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Iraq War peace proposals== | ||
| + | * [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 1441]] | ||
| + | * [[Failed Iraqi peace initiatives]] | ||
| + | * [[Iraqi Leaders Initiative]] 2006 | ||
| + | * [[Blair's tests for Iraq disarmament]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Gulf War peace initiatives== | ||
| + | * [[Geneva Peace Conference (1991)]] | ||
| + | * [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 687]] – April 1991 | ||
| + | * [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 1154]] – 1998 | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Turkish–Kurdish conflict negotiations== | ||
| + | * Turkey–PKK peace talks (1999–2004, unsuccessful) | ||
| + | * [[Solution process]] (2012–15, failed) | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Internal Lebanese reconciliation== | ||
| + | * [[17 May Agreement]] – during the [[Lebanese civil war]] | ||
| + | * [[Tripartite Accord (Lebanon)]] – 1985 agreement to end the [[Lebanese civil war]] | ||
| + | * [[Taif Agreement]] – Lebanese civil war peace accords | ||
| + | * [[Doha Agreement]] – 2008 Lebanese reconciliation agreement, following 2007–2008 crisis | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==[[Cyprus peace process|Cyprus conflict pacification attempts]]== | ||
| + | * [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 186|Establishment]] of [[United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus|UN peace force in Cyprus]] (1964) | ||
| + | * [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 355|UNSC resolution 355]] (1974) | ||
| + | * [[Annan Plan for Cyprus|Annan reunification plan for Cyprus]] | ||
| + | ** [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 1250]] (1999) | ||
| + | ** [[Cypriot Annan Plan referendums, 2004]] | ||
| + | * [[2008–12 Cyprus talks]] | ||
| + | * [[2014 Cyprus talks]] | ||
| + | * [[2015–17 Cyprus talks]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Iraqi–Kurdish conflict peace negotiations== | ||
| + | * [[Kurdish Civil War#Aftermath|Kurdish Civil War peace accords]] (finalized in 1997) | ||
| + | * [[1975 Algiers Agreement]] | ||
| + | * [[Kurdish–Iraqi peace talks]] (1970–1974, unsuccessful) | ||
| + | * [[Law of Administration for the State of Iraq for the Transitional Period|Recognition of Kurdish Government by Iraq]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Arab–Israeli peace diplomacy and treaties== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Arab League–Israel accords=== | ||
| + | * [[Folke Bernadotte#His peace efforts in the Arab-Israeli conflict of 1947/8|Peace proposals of Count Folke Bernadotte]] (1948) | ||
| + | * [[1949 Armistice Agreements]] | ||
| + | * [[UN Security Council Resolution 242]] (November 22, 1967) | ||
| + | * [[Jarring Mission]] (1967–1971) | ||
| + | * [[Allon Plan]] (July 26, 1967) | ||
| + | * [[Rogers Plan]] (1969) | ||
| + | * [[Camp David Accords (1978)]] | ||
| + | * [[Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty]] (1979) | ||
| + | * [[Fahd Plan]] (1981) | ||
| + | * [[Reagan Plan]] (September 1, 1982) | ||
| + | * [[Fez Initiative]] (September 9, 1982) | ||
| + | * [[May 17 Agreement]], a failed attempt of peace between Lebanon and Israel (1983) | ||
| + | * [[Israel–Jordan peace treaty]] (1994) | ||
| + | * [[Arab Peace Initiative]] (March 28, 2002) | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Israeli–Palestinian peace process=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[Madrid Conference of 1991]] | ||
| + | * [[Oslo Accords|Oslo Accords (1993)]] | ||
| + | * [[Wye River Memorandum]] (October 23, 1998) | ||
| + | * [[Camp David 2000 Summit]] (2000) | ||
| + | * [[The Clinton Parameters]] (December 23, 2000) | ||
| + | * [[Taba summit]] (January, 2001) | ||
| + | * [[Elon Peace Plan]] (also known as "The Israel Initiative") (2002) | ||
| + | * [[The People's Voice]] (July 27, 2002) | ||
| + | * [[Road Map for Peace]] (April 30, 2003) | ||
| + | * [[Isratine]] AKA One-State Solution (May 8, 2003) | ||
| + | * [[Geneva Accord (2003)|Geneva Accord]] (October 20, 2003) | ||
| + | * [[Sharm el-Sheikh Summit of 2005]] (February 8, 2005) | ||
| + | * [[2006 Franco-Italian-Spanish Middle East Peace Plan]] | ||
| + | * [[Two-state solution]] | ||
| + | * [[Three-state solution]] | ||
| + | * [[Israeli Peace Initiative]] (April 6, 2011) | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Turkish War of Independence peace treaties== | ||
| + | * [[Treaty of Alexandropol]] 1920 | ||
| + | * [[Cilicia Peace Treaty]] 1921 | ||
| + | * [[Treaty of Moscow (1921)]] | ||
| + | * [[Treaty of Kars]] 1921 | ||
| + | * [[Treaty of Ankara (1921)]] | ||
| + | * [[Conference of London]] 1921–22 | ||
| + | * [[Treaty of Lausanne (1923)]] | ||
| + | * [[Armistice of Mudanya]] 1922 | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==WW I and post-war accords== | ||
| + | * [[Sykes–Picot Agreement]] 1916 | ||
| + | * [[McMahon–Hussein Correspondence]] 1916 | ||
| + | * [[Treaty of Sèvres]] 1920 | ||
| + | * [[Paris Peace Conference, 1919]] | ||
| + | * [[Faisal–Weizmann Agreement]] (1919) | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Saudi-related peace treaties== | ||
| + | * [[Uqair Protocol of 1922]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==See also== | ||
| + | * [[Strategic reset]] | ||
| + | * [[United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379|UN General Assembly Resolution 3379]] | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Current revision
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Featured: |
This is a reversed chronological list of peace proposals in the Middle East, often abbreviated under the Mideast peace concept.
[edit]
Arab Winter peace and reconciliation proposals
[edit]
Egyptian Crisis reconciliation
[edit]
Syrian Civil War peace process
- Arab League peace plan
- Arab League observers mission December 2011–January 2012
- Russian resolution proposal on Syrian uprising
- Kofi Annan Syrian peace plan February–August 2012
- Lakhdar Brahimi Syrian peace plan – since August 17, 2012
- U.S.–Russia peace proposals on Syria – May 2013 proposal to organise a peace conference
- Geneva II Conference on Syria – January 2014
- 2015 Zabadani cease-fire agreement – between Syrian Opposition and Assad Government
- Vienna peace talks for Syria
- Four committees initiative
- Geneva III
- Geneva IV
[edit]
Yemeni Crisis reconciliation
[edit]
Fatah–Hamas reconciliation talks
- Fatah–Hamas Mecca Agreement (2007)
- 2011 Cairo accords (2011)
- Fatah–Hamas Doha Agreement (2012)
- May 2012 Cairo agreement
- 2014 Fatah–Hamas Gaza Agreement
- 2017 Fatah–Hamas Agreement
[edit]
Iran nuclear talks
- P5+1, 2006 diplomatic efforts
- Iran nuclear deal framework
- Joint Plan of Action (2013)
- Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (2015)
- February 2019 Warsaw Conference
[edit]
Iraq War peace proposals
- United Nations Security Council Resolution 1441
- Failed Iraqi peace initiatives
- Iraqi Leaders Initiative 2006
- Blair's tests for Iraq disarmament
[edit]
Gulf War peace initiatives
- Geneva Peace Conference (1991)
- United Nations Security Council Resolution 687 – April 1991
- United Nations Security Council Resolution 1154 – 1998
[edit]
Turkish–Kurdish conflict negotiations
- Turkey–PKK peace talks (1999–2004, unsuccessful)
- Solution process (2012–15, failed)
[edit]
Internal Lebanese reconciliation
- 17 May Agreement – during the Lebanese civil war
- Tripartite Accord (Lebanon) – 1985 agreement to end the Lebanese civil war
- Taif Agreement – Lebanese civil war peace accords
- Doha Agreement – 2008 Lebanese reconciliation agreement, following 2007–2008 crisis
[edit]
Cyprus conflict pacification attempts
- Establishment of UN peace force in Cyprus (1964)
- UNSC resolution 355 (1974)
- Annan reunification plan for Cyprus
- 2008–12 Cyprus talks
- 2014 Cyprus talks
- 2015–17 Cyprus talks
[edit]
Iraqi–Kurdish conflict peace negotiations
- Kurdish Civil War peace accords (finalized in 1997)
- 1975 Algiers Agreement
- Kurdish–Iraqi peace talks (1970–1974, unsuccessful)
- Recognition of Kurdish Government by Iraq
[edit]
Arab–Israeli peace diplomacy and treaties
[edit]
Arab League–Israel accords
- Peace proposals of Count Folke Bernadotte (1948)
- 1949 Armistice Agreements
- UN Security Council Resolution 242 (November 22, 1967)
- Jarring Mission (1967–1971)
- Allon Plan (July 26, 1967)
- Rogers Plan (1969)
- Camp David Accords (1978)
- Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty (1979)
- Fahd Plan (1981)
- Reagan Plan (September 1, 1982)
- Fez Initiative (September 9, 1982)
- May 17 Agreement, a failed attempt of peace between Lebanon and Israel (1983)
- Israel–Jordan peace treaty (1994)
- Arab Peace Initiative (March 28, 2002)
[edit]
Israeli–Palestinian peace process
- Madrid Conference of 1991
- Oslo Accords (1993)
- Wye River Memorandum (October 23, 1998)
- Camp David 2000 Summit (2000)
- The Clinton Parameters (December 23, 2000)
- Taba summit (January, 2001)
- Elon Peace Plan (also known as "The Israel Initiative") (2002)
- The People's Voice (July 27, 2002)
- Road Map for Peace (April 30, 2003)
- Isratine AKA One-State Solution (May 8, 2003)
- Geneva Accord (October 20, 2003)
- Sharm el-Sheikh Summit of 2005 (February 8, 2005)
- 2006 Franco-Italian-Spanish Middle East Peace Plan
- Two-state solution
- Three-state solution
- Israeli Peace Initiative (April 6, 2011)
[edit]
Turkish War of Independence peace treaties
- Treaty of Alexandropol 1920
- Cilicia Peace Treaty 1921
- Treaty of Moscow (1921)
- Treaty of Kars 1921
- Treaty of Ankara (1921)
- Conference of London 1921–22
- Treaty of Lausanne (1923)
- Armistice of Mudanya 1922
[edit]
WW I and post-war accords
- Sykes–Picot Agreement 1916
- McMahon–Hussein Correspondence 1916
- Treaty of Sèvres 1920
- Paris Peace Conference, 1919
- Faisal–Weizmann Agreement (1919)
[edit]
Saudi-related peace treaties
[edit]
See also
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "List of Middle East peace proposals" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
