Maria lactans  

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A Scheme for abolishing all Words is one of the wittiest and smartest comments on semantics. (Illustration: extreme close-up from the movie "The Big Swallow" (1901), produced and directed by James Williamson (1855-1933)
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A Scheme for abolishing all Words is one of the wittiest and smartest comments on semantics. (Illustration: extreme close-up from the movie "The Big Swallow" (1901), produced and directed by James Williamson (1855-1933)

Maria lactans (also: Galaktotrophousa, Mlekokapitelniza, breastfeeding Madonna) denotes the graphic depiction of the breastfeeding Maria. The Virgin is depicted breastfeeding the Holy Infant. One of the earliest depictions (if not the earliest depiction) of Mary, is Our Lady nursing, as painted in the Priscilla Catacombs ca. A.D. 250;

From the blog "The hanged man" comes this comment:

Before they were suppressed by the decorous reforms of Trent, these images supported an astonishing range of piety. The medieval craving for physical contact with the divine took satisfaction in reports of lactation miracles.
While St. Bernard of Clairvaux knelt in prayer, a statue of Maria Lactans came to life and bestowed three drops of milk on his lips. St. Gertrude the Great nursed the Baby Jesus and Blessed Angela of Foligno nursed at Christ's side. Lidwina of Schiedam saw Mary and her attendant virgins fill the sky with floods of their milk. In legend, suckling the Virgin or living saints brought healing and blessings.
Religious allegories celebrated lactation. Mary was the maiden in the garden who gave suck to the unicorn-Christ, the innocent victim hunted by men. Ecclesia, Sophia, Caritas, and sundry Virtues were shown as nursing mothers.[1]

German text

Das Bildmotiv tauchte bereits in der alten ägyptischen Kultur auf, wo die Göttin Isis den Horusknaben stillt, was symbolhaft für die Fruchtbarkeit stand.

Im byzantinischen Reich und auch in Westeuropa des 14. und 15. Jahrhunderts wurde dem Bildtypus der Maria lactans eine andere Bedeutung beigemessen: Das Christuskind ist Gott, der über die Brust der Mutter mit der Menschheit in Verbindung tritt.

Eine der frühesten christlichen Statuen einer stillenden Madonna dürfte die aus dem ersten Jahrtausend stammende Nossa Senhora da Nazeré (Unsere Liebe Frau von Nazareth) in Nazaré, Portugal sein.

Bei den barocken Brunnenkapellen einiger Wallfahrtsorte wird das Wasser durch die Brüste der Marienfigur geleitet, so in der Wallfahrtskirche Mariahilf ob Passau, in der Quelle von Rengersbrunn oder in Maria Ehrenberg.

Bei Laktationsschwierigkeiten oder Mastitis war es in einigen Regionen Brauch, vor einer Maria-Lactans-Darstellung zu beten und wächserne Nachbildungen der eigenen Brüste als Weihegabe zu opfern.

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Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Maria lactans" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on original research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.

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