Mário Cesariny de Vasconcelos
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Mário Cesariny de Vasconcelos also known as Mário Cesariny (August 9, 1923, Lisbon, Portugal - November 26, 2006, Lisbon, Portugal) is among the most important Portuguese surrealist poets, having published several major works during a career spanning 50 years. Cesariny was also a painter, but his work became more centered on poetry in the 1950s.
Biography
Mário Cesariny was the youngest child and only son of Viriato de Vasconcelos and wife María de las Mercedes Cesariny, a Spanish of French but originally Italian ancestry, and younger brother of Henriette, wife of Caetano Vasques Calafate, born and died at Póvoa de Varzim, with female issue, Maria Luísa, born in Lisbon, January 5, 1920, third wife in Lisbon on July 8, 1943 of Valentim José Rodolfo Hofacker de Moser of the Counts and Viscounts de Moser (Estoril, Cascais, October 16, 1909 – Coração de Jesus, Lisbon, December 19, 1975), without issue, and María del Carmen, wife on March 28, 1936 of Admiral Francisco Ferrer Caeiro (Sé e São Pedro, Évora, October 22, 1910 –), with male issue.
Mário Cesariny studied in the prestigious Escola de Artes Decorativas António Arroio and also studied music with the composer Fernando Lopes Graça. Later he joined the Académie de la Grande Chaumière in Paris, where he met André Breton in 1947. He soon became influenced by the French surrealist movement and was one of the biggest supporters of the movement in Portugal, where he founded the Lisbon Surrealist Movement with other Portuguese artists including Alexandre O'Neill and José-Augusto França.
After being acquainted with the surrealist movement, Cesariny moved away from the neorealist movement, important at the time in the country for being composed mainly by members of the resistance against the fascist leaning regime of Oliveira Salazar. He adopted an attitude of constant experimenting in his work. This principle is the main characteristic of his work and has been present throughout his career.
From 1960 until April 25, 1974, Cesariny was mercilessly harassed by the Portuguese Polícia Judiciária for being a suspect of vagrancy, a euphemistic term used by the police in those days for homosexuality, which the poet lived courageously in spite of persecution. This fact shows up several times in his writings in a veiled way ("Lisboa-os-Sustos") and was one of the causes of his intermittent stayings in Great Britain and France during the 1960s and 1970s. Later he talked publicly about this.
Works
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