Leadership
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
"Legislators and leaders of men, such as Lycurgus, Solon, Mahomet, Napoleon, and so on, were all without exception criminals, from the very fact that, making a new law they transgressed the ancient one, handed down from their ancestors and held sacred by the people, and they did not stop short at bloodshed either, if that bloodshed often of innocent persons fighting bravely in defence of ancient law were of use to their cause." -- Rodion Raskolnikov in Crime and Punishment "The leader has most often started as one of the led. He has himself been hypnotised by the idea, whose apostle he has since become. It has taken possession of him to such a degree that everything outside it vanishes, and that every contrary opinion appears to him an error or a superstition. An example in point is Robespierre, hypnotised by the philosophical ideas of Rousseau, and employing the methods of the Inquisition to propagate them." --The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind (1895) by Gustave Le Bon |
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Leadership is both a research area, and a practical skill encompassing the ability of an individual, group or organization to "lead", influence or guide other individuals, teams, or entire organizations. Often viewed as a contested term, specialist literature debates various viewpoints, contrasting Eastern and Western approaches to leadership, and also (within the West) North American versus European approaches.
U.S. academic environments define leadership as "a process of social influence in which a person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common and ethical task". Others have challenged the more traditional managerial view of leadership which believes that it is something possessed or owned by one individual due to their role or authority, and instead advocate the complex nature of leadership which is found at all levels of the institution, both within formal roles.
Studies of leadership have produced theories involving traits, situational interaction, function, behavior, power, vision and values, charisma, and intelligence, among others.
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See also
Other types and theories
- Agentic leadership
- Charismatic authority
- Trait leadership
- Coaching
- Collaborative leadership
- Constitutional economics
- Cross-cultural leadership
- Cultural hegemony
- Ethical leadership
- Führerprinzip
- Goal orientation
- Idiosyncrasy credit
- Innovation leadership
- Leader–member exchange theory
- Leadership development
- Outstanding leadership theory
- Political economy
- Rule according to higher law
- Servant leadership
- Substitutes for Leadership Theory
- Three Levels of Leadership model
- Youth leadership
- Shared leadership
Contexts
- Alpha (biology)
- Big man (anthropology)
- Chieftain
- Entrepreneur
- Head of state
- Hero
- Minister
- Priest
- Scout leader
- Supreme Leader
Related articles
- Crowd psychology
- Nicomachean Ethics
- Professional development
- Three theological virtues
- Leadership accountability
- Leadership school
- Leadership studies
- Meeting Roles
- Modes of leadership
- Power (social and political)
- Team
- Multiteam system