Landform
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| - | '''Spirit of place''' refers to the unique, distinctive and cherished aspects of a place; often those celebrated by artists and writers, but also those cherished in [[folk tales]], [[festival]]s and celebrations. It is thus as much in the invisible weave of culture ([[folklore|stories]], art, memories, beliefs, histories, etc) as it is the tangible physical aspects of a place ([[monument]]s, boundaries, [[river]]s, [[woodland|woods]], architectural style, [[rural crafts]] styles, pathways, [[vista|views]], and so on) or its [[interpersonal]] aspects (the presence of [[relatives]], [[friends]] and kindred spirits, and the like). | + | A '''landform''' or '''physical feature''' in the [[earth sciences]] and [[geology]] sub-fields, comprises a [[geomorphology|geomorphological]] unit, and is largely defined by its surface form and location in the landscape, as part of the [[terrain]], and as such, is typically an element of [[topography]]. Landform elements also include [[seascape]] and oceanic [[waterbody]] interface features such as [[bay]]s, [[peninsula]]s, [[sea]]s and so forth, including sub-aqueous terrain features such as submersed [[mid-Atlantic ridge|mountain ranges]], volcanoes, and the great ocean basins. |
| - | Often the term is applied to a rural or a relatively unspoiled or regenerated place — whereas the very similar term [[sense of place]] would tend to be more [[domestic]], [[urbanist|urban]], or [[suburban]] in tone. For instance, one could logically apply 'sense of place' to an urban high street; noting the [[architecture]], the width of the [[road]]s and [[Sidewalk|pavement]]s, the [[plants|plantings]], the style of the [[Retailing#Shops and stores|shop]]-fronts, the [[street furniture]], and so on, but one could not really talk about the 'spirit of place' of such an essentially urban and commercial environment. It must be noted, however, that an urban area that looks faceless or neglected to an adult may have deep meaning in [[children's street culture]]. | ||
| - | The [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] term for spirit of place was [[Genius loci]], by which it is sometimes still referred. This has often been historically envisaged as a guardian [[animal]] or a small supernatural being ([[puck (mythology)|puck]], [[fairy]], [[elf]], and the like) or a [[ghost]]. These beliefs have, for the most part, been discarded in the modern world; however a new layer of less-embodied superstition on the subject has arisen around [[ley lines]], [[feng shui]] and similar concepts. | + | ==See also== |
| - | + | *[[List of landforms]] | |
| - | The western cultural movements of [[Romanticism]] and [[Neo-romanticism]] are often deeply concerned with creating cultural forms that 're-enchant the land', in order to establish or re-establish a spirit of place. | + | *[[Terrain]] |
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| - | Modern [[earth art]] (sometimes called environment art) artists such as [[Andy Goldsworthy]] have explored the contribution of natural/ephemeral sculpture to spirit of place. | + | |
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| - | Many indigenous and tribal cultures around the world are deeply concerned with spirits of place in their [[landscape]]. Spirits of place are explicitly recognized by some of the worlds main religions: [[Shinto]] has its [[Kami]] which may incorporate spirits of place; Christianity has spirits of place in the Angelic Choirs of [[Christian angelic hierarchy#Dominions|Dominians]] and [[Christian angelic hierarchy#Principalities|Principalities]], [[Hinduism]], [[Vajrayana]] and [[Bonpo]] traditions. | + | |
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| - | ==See also== | + | |
| - | * [[Bioregionalism]] | + | |
| - | * [[Children's street culture]] | + | |
| - | * [[Common Ground (charity)]] | + | |
| - | * [[Cultural landscape]] | + | |
| - | * [[Cultural region]] | + | |
| - | * [[Cultural tourism]] | + | |
| - | * [[Deep map]] | + | |
| - | * [[Grassroots]] | + | |
| - | * [[Landform]] | + | |
| - | * [[Nature writing]] | + | |
| - | * [[Psychogeography]] | + | |
| - | * [[Topophilia]] | + | |
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A landform or physical feature in the earth sciences and geology sub-fields, comprises a geomorphological unit, and is largely defined by its surface form and location in the landscape, as part of the terrain, and as such, is typically an element of topography. Landform elements also include seascape and oceanic waterbody interface features such as bays, peninsulas, seas and so forth, including sub-aqueous terrain features such as submersed mountain ranges, volcanoes, and the great ocean basins.
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