Krzysztof Penderecki
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| - | '''Krzysztof Eugeniusz Penderecki''' ({{IPA-pl|ˈkʂɨʂtɔf pɛndɛˈrɛt͡skʲi|lang}}; 23 November 1933 – 29 March 2020) was a Polish composer and [[conducting|conductor]]. Among his best known works are ''[[Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima]]'', [[Symphony No. 3 (Penderecki)|Symphony No. 3]], his ''[[St. Luke Passion (Penderecki)|St. Luke Passion]]'', ''[[Polish Requiem]]'', ''[[Anaklasis]]'' and ''[[Utrenja]]''. Penderecki composed four operas, eight symphonies and other orchestral pieces, a variety of instrumental concertos, choral settings of mainly religious texts, as well as chamber and instrumental works. | + | '''Krzysztof Eugeniusz Penderecki''' (23 November 1933 – 29 March 2020) was a [[Polish composer]] and [[conducting|conductor]] who worked in the [[20th-century classical music]] tradition. Among his best known works are ''[[Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima]]'', [[Symphony No. 3 (Penderecki)|Symphony No. 3]], his ''[[St. Luke Passion (Penderecki)|St. Luke Passion]]'', ''[[Polish Requiem]]'', ''[[Anaklasis]]'' and ''[[Utrenja]]''. Penderecki composed four operas, eight symphonies and other orchestral pieces, a variety of instrumental concertos, choral settings of mainly religious texts, as well as chamber and instrumental works. |
| - | Born in [[Dębica]] to a lawyer, Penderecki studied music at [[Jagiellonian University]] and the [[Academy of Music in Kraków]]. After graduating from the Academy of Music, Penderecki became a teacher at the academy and he began his career as a composer in 1959 during the [[Warsaw Autumn]] festival. His ''Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima'' for [[string orchestra]] and the choral work ''St. Luke Passion'', have received popular acclaim. His first opera, ''[[The Devils of Loudun (opera)|The Devils of Loudun]]'', was not immediately successful. Beginning in the mid-1970s, Penderecki's composing style changed, with his first violin concerto focusing on the [[semitone]] and the [[tritone]]. His choral work ''Polish Requiem'' was written in the 1980s, with Penderecki expanding it in 1993 and 2005. | + | ==Use in film== |
| + | Some of Penderecki's music has been adapted for film soundtracks. ''[[The Exorcist (film)|The Exorcist]]'' (1973) features his String Quartet and ''Kanon For Orchestra and Tape''; fragments of the Cello Concerto and ''[[The Devils of Loudun (opera)|The Devils of Loudun]]''. Writing about ''The Exorcist'', the film critic for ''The New Republic'' wrote "even the music is faultless, most of it by Krzysztof Penderecki, who at last is where he belongs." ''[[The Shining (film)|The Shining]]'' (1980) features six pieces of Penderecki's music: ''[[Utrenja]] II: Ewangelia'', ''Utrenja II: Kanon Paschy'', [[The Dream of Jacob|''The Awakening of Jacob'']], ''[[De Natura Sonoris No. 1]]'', ''[[De Natura Sonoris No. 2]]'' and ''[[Polymorphia]]''. | ||
| - | Penderecki won many prestigious awards, including the [[Prix Italia]] in 1967 and 1968, four [[Grammy Award]]s in 1987, 1998 (twice), and 2017, [[Wolf Prize in Arts]] in 1987 and the [[University of Louisville]] [[Grawemeyer Award (Music Composition)|Grawemeyer Award for Music Composition]] in 1992. In 2012, [[Sean Michaels (writer)|Sean Michaels]] of ''The Guardian'' called him "arguably Poland's greatest living composer." | + | [[David Lynch]] has used Penderecki's music in the soundtracks of the movies ''[[Wild at Heart (film)|Wild at Heart]]'' (1990), ''[[Inland Empire (film)|Inland Empire]]'' (2006), and the TV series ''[[Twin Peaks (2017 TV series)|Twin Peaks]]'' (2017). In the film ''[[Fearless (1993 film)|Fearless]]'' (1993) by [[Peter Weir]], the piece ''[[Polymorphia]]'' was once again used for an intense plane crash scene seen from the point of view of the passenger played by [[Jeff Bridges]]. Penderecki's piece, ''[[Threnody for the Victims of Hiroshima]]'', was also used during one of the final sequences in the film ''[[Children of Men]]'' (2006). Penderecki composed music for [[Andrzej Wajda]]'s 2007 Academy Award nominated film ''[[Katyń (film)|Katyń]]'', while [[Martin Scorsese]]'s ''[[Shutter Island (film)|Shutter Island]]'' (2010) featured his [[Symphony No. 3 (Penderecki)|Symphony No. 3]] and ''Fluorescences''. |
| + | Some of Penderecki's [[oeuvre]] inspired [[Jonny Greenwood]] of [[Radiohead]] to release an album, which thereafter appeared in his score for ''[[There Will Be Blood]]'', a 2007 [[Paul Thomas Anderson]] film. | ||
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Krzysztof Eugeniusz Penderecki (23 November 1933 – 29 March 2020) was a Polish composer and conductor who worked in the 20th-century classical music tradition. Among his best known works are Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima, Symphony No. 3, his St. Luke Passion, Polish Requiem, Anaklasis and Utrenja. Penderecki composed four operas, eight symphonies and other orchestral pieces, a variety of instrumental concertos, choral settings of mainly religious texts, as well as chamber and instrumental works.
Use in film
Some of Penderecki's music has been adapted for film soundtracks. The Exorcist (1973) features his String Quartet and Kanon For Orchestra and Tape; fragments of the Cello Concerto and The Devils of Loudun. Writing about The Exorcist, the film critic for The New Republic wrote "even the music is faultless, most of it by Krzysztof Penderecki, who at last is where he belongs." The Shining (1980) features six pieces of Penderecki's music: Utrenja II: Ewangelia, Utrenja II: Kanon Paschy, The Awakening of Jacob, De Natura Sonoris No. 1, De Natura Sonoris No. 2 and Polymorphia.
David Lynch has used Penderecki's music in the soundtracks of the movies Wild at Heart (1990), Inland Empire (2006), and the TV series Twin Peaks (2017). In the film Fearless (1993) by Peter Weir, the piece Polymorphia was once again used for an intense plane crash scene seen from the point of view of the passenger played by Jeff Bridges. Penderecki's piece, Threnody for the Victims of Hiroshima, was also used during one of the final sequences in the film Children of Men (2006). Penderecki composed music for Andrzej Wajda's 2007 Academy Award nominated film Katyń, while Martin Scorsese's Shutter Island (2010) featured his Symphony No. 3 and Fluorescences.
Some of Penderecki's oeuvre inspired Jonny Greenwood of Radiohead to release an album, which thereafter appeared in his score for There Will Be Blood, a 2007 Paul Thomas Anderson film.
