Friedrich Schiller
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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"Gozzi maintained that there can be but thirty-six dramatic situations; Schiller took great pains to find more, but was unable to find even as many as Gozzi."--Goethe cited in The Thirty-Six Dramatic Situations (1895) by Georges Polti Friedrich Schiller referred to Immanuel Kant in his essay “On Grace and Dignity” as the "Draco" of his day. |
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Friedrich Schiller (November 10, 1759 in Marbach, Germany – May 9, 1805), was a German Romantic poet, philosopher, historian, and dramatist, best-known for his play The Robbers and his poem "Die Weltweisen".
Collaboration with Goethe
During the last several years of his life (1788–1805), Schiller struck a productive, if complicated, friendship with already famous and influential Johann Wolfgang Goethe, with whom he discussed much on issues concerning aesthetics, encouraging Goethe to finish works he left merely as sketches; this thereby gave way to a period now referred to as Weimar Classicism. They also worked together on Die Xenien (The Xenies), a collection of short but harshly satiric poems in which both Schiller and Goethe verbally attacked those persons they perceived to be enemies of their aesthetic agenda.
Works
- Plays
- Die Räuber (The Robbers), 1781
- Fiesco (Die Verschwörung des Fiesco zu Genua), 1783
- Kabale und Liebe (Intrigue and Love),
- Don Karlos, Infant von Spanien (Don Carlos), 1787
- Wallenstein, 1800
- Maria Stuart (Mary Stuart), 1800
- Die Jungfrau von Orleans (The Maid of Orleans), 1801
- Die Braut von Messina (The Bride of Messina), 1803
- Wilhelm Tell (William Tell), 1804
- Demetrius (unfinished at his death)
- Histories
- Geschichte des Abfalls der vereinigten Niederlande von der spanischen Regierung or The Revolt of the Netherlands
- Geschichte des dreißigjährigen Kriegs or A History of the Thirty Years' War
- Über Völkerwanderung, Kreuzzüge und Mittelalter or On the Barbarian Invasions, Crusaders and Middle Ages
- Translations
- Euripides, Iphigenia in Aulis
- William Shakespeare, Macbeth
- Jean Racine, Phèdre
- Carlo Gozzi, Turandot, 1801
- Prose
- Der Geisterseher or The Ghost-Seer (unfinished novel) (started in 1786 and published periodically. Published as book in 1789)
- Über die ästhetische Erziehung des Menschen in einer Reihe von Briefen (On the Aesthetic Education of Man in a series of Letters), 1794
- Der Verbrecher aus verlorener Ehre (Dishonoured Irreclaimable), 1786
- Poems
- An die Freude (Ode to Joy) (1785) became the basis for the fourth movement of Beethoven's ninth symphony
- Der Taucher (The Diver)
- Die Kraniche des Ibykus (The Cranes of Ibykus)
- Der Ring des Polykrates (Polycrates' Ring)
- Die Bürgschaft (The Hostage; set to music by Schubert)
- Das Lied von der Glocke (Song of the Bell)
- Das verschleierte Bild zu Sais (The Veiled Statue At Sais)
- Der Handschuh (The Glove)
- Nänie (set to music by Brahms)
See also
- On Tragic Art [Ueber die tragische Kunst, 1792]
- German Romanticism
- Sturm und Drang
- The Ghost-Seer (Der Geisterseher, 1884)
