Jacques de Vitry
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Jacques de Vitry (c. 1160/70 – May 1, 1240) was a theologian chronicler and cardinal from 1229 – 40.
He was born in central France (perhaps Rheims) and studied at the University of Paris, becoming a regular canon in 1210 at the church of Saint-Nicolas d'Oignies in the Diocese of Liège, a post he maintained until 1216. From 1211 to 1213 he preached the Albigensian Crusade, touring France and Germany with William, archdeacon of Paris and recruiting many Crusaders. In 1214 he was elected Bishop of Acre. He received episcopal consecration and arrived to his see in 1216. He was subsequentely heavily involved in the Fifth Crusade, participating in the siege of Damietta from 1218 to 1220. In 1219 he began to write the Historia Hierosolymitana, a history of the Holy Land from the advent of Islam until the crusades of his own day, but only two parts were completed. He returned to Europe in 1225. Between April 16 and July 29, 1229 Pope Gregory IX elevated him to the College of Cardinals and transferred him to the suburbicarian see of Frascati. With exception of short legation before Emperor Frederick II in 1232 he spent his last years working in the papal curia. He subscribed the papal bulls between July 29, 1229 and June 23, 1239. He died at Rome as Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals. His remains have been transferred to Oignies and buried there in 1241.
From the document issued by Gregory IX on May 14, 1240 appears that Jacques de Vitry shortly before his death was elected Patriarch of Jerusalem, but this election was not ratified by the Pope.
Aside from the Historia, his works include hundreds of sermons, and letters to Pope Honorius III. He also wrote about the immoral life of the students at the University of Paris and the holy life of the Beguines of Liege and, in particular, the Life of Marie d'Oignies.
Editions
- Historiography
- Orientalis et occidentalis Historia. ed. F. Moschi, ex officina typographica Balthazaris Belleri, Douai, 1596, (archive.org, online facsimile).
- Historia Hierosolimitana. ed. Jacques Bongars, in: Gesta Dei Per Francos, Sive Orientalium Expeditionum, Et Regni Francorum Hierosolimitani Historia. 1611, (online facsimile).
- John Frederick Hinnebusch (ed.): The Historia occidentalis of Jacques de Vitry. A Critical Edition (= Spicilegium Friburgense. Texte zur Geschichte des kirchlichen Lebens. vol. 17, Template:ISSN). The University Press, Fribourg 1972.
- Jacques de Vitry. Historia Orientalis, ed. Jean Donnadieu, 2008.
Translations:
- Abridged and incomplete translation to English: The {Abbreviated} History of Jerusalem, A.D. 1180 by Jacques de Vitry (= Palestine Pilgrims' Text Society vol. 11, no. 2, Template:ZDB), translated by Aubrey Stewart, year 1896.
- French translation: Histoire des croisades, par Jacques de Vitry, translated by François Guizot year 1825
- Sermons
- Sermones de tempore. Kreuzherrenkonvent, Düsseldorf 1486, (Template:ULBDD)
- Sermones de Tempore. In aedibus viduae & haeredum Ioannis Steelsij, Antwerpen 1575.
- Iacobus de Vitriaco. Sermones vulgares vel ad status I, éd. J. Longère (Corpus Christianorum. Continuatio Mediaevalis 255), Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2013 (Template:ISBN)
- Sermones vulgares. In: Analecta Novissima Spicilegii solesmensis. Disseruit Joannes Baptista Pitra. Band 2. Typis Tusculanis, Paris 1888, (excerpts).
- The Exempla or Illustrative Stories from the Sermones Vulgares of Jacques de Vitry (= Publications of the Folk-Lore Society. 26, Template:ZDB). Edited with introduction, analysis, and notes by Thomas Frederick Crane. Nutt, London 1890, (archive.org).
- Joseph Greven (ed.): Die Exempla aus den Sermones feriales et communes des Jakob von Vitry (= Sammlungen mittellateinischer Texte. 9, Template:ZDB). Winter, Heidelberg 1914, (archive.org).
- Goswin Frenken, Die Exempla des Jacob von Vitry. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Erzählungsliteratur des Mittelalters (= Quellen und Untersuchungen zur lateinischen Philologie des Mittelalters. vol. 5.1, Template:ZDB). Beck, München 1914.
- Letters
- Reinhold Röhricht (ed.): Briefe. In: Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte. vol. 14, 1894, 97–118; vol. 15, 1895, vol. 568–587; vol. 16, 1896, 72–114.
- Lettres de Jacques de Vitry ed. R. B. C. Huygens. Leiden, 1960.
- Other
- Vita b. Mariae Oignies. In: Acta Sanctorum. Junii. vol. 4. Petrus Jacobs, Antwerp 1707, 636–666.
