Immigration to Europe
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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Immigration to Europe has a long history, but increased substantially in the later 20th century.
Western European countries, especially, saw a high growth in immigration after World War II and many European nations today (particularly those of the EU-15) have sizeable immigrant populations, both of European and non-European origin. In contemporary globalization, migrations to Europe have accelerated in speed and scale. Over the last decades, there has been an increase in negative attitudes towards immigration, and many studies have emphasized marked differences in the strength of anti-immigrant attitudes among European countries.
Beginning in 2004, the European Union has granted EU citizens a freedom of movement and residence within the EU, and the term "immigrant" has since mostly been used to refer to extracommunitarian (i.e. non-EU) citizens. Between 2010 and 2013, around 1.4 million non-EU nationals, excluding asylum seekers and refugees, immigrated into the EU each year using regular means, with a slight decrease since 2010.
In 2015 the number of asylum seekers arriving from outside Europe increased substantially during the European migrant crisis (see timeline).
See also
- Demographics of Europe
- Emigration from Europe
- Environmental racism in Europe
- Migration from Latin America to Europe
- European migrant crisis
- List of countries by immigrant population
- List of countries by foreign-born population
- List of sovereign states and dependent territories by fertility rate
