Franz Theodor Kugler
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| - | ===Winckelmann and art criticism=== | ||
| - | Scholars such as [[Johann Joachim Winckelmann]] (1717–1768), criticised Vasari's "cult" of artistic personality, and they argued that the real emphasis in the study of art should be the views of the learned beholder and not the unique viewpoint of the charismatic artist. Winckelmann's writings thus were the beginnings of art criticism. Winckelmann critiqued the artistic excesses of [[Baroque]] and [[Rococo]] forms, and was instrumental in reforming taste in favor of the more sober [[Neoclassicism]]. [[Jacob Burckhardt]] (1818–1897), one of the founders of art history, noted that Winckelmann was 'the first to distinguish between the periods of ancient art and to link the history of style with world history'. From Winckelmann until the mid-20th century, the field of art history was dominated by German-speaking academics. Winckelmann's work thus marked the entry of art history into the high-philosophical discourse of German culture. | + | '''Franz Theodor Kugler''' (19 January 1808, [[Stettin]] - 18 March 1858, [[Berlin]]) was a cultural administrator for the [[Prussia|Prussian state]] and art historian. He studied at the [[University of Berlin]] and in 1837 he published his [[Handbuch der Geschichte der Malerei]] of his [[Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte]]. |
| - | Winckelmann was read avidly by [[Johann Wolfgang Goethe]] and [[Friedrich Schiller]], both of whom began to write on the history of art, and his account of the [[Laocoon]] occasioned a response by [[Gotthold Ephraim Lessing|Lessing]]. The emergence of art as a major subject of philosophical speculation was solidified by the appearance of [[Immanuel Kant]]'s ''[[Critique of Judgment]]'' in 1790, and was furthered by [[Georg Friedrich Wilhelm Hegel|Hegel]]'s ''Lectures on Aesthetics''. Hegel's philosophy served as the direct inspiration for [[Karl Schnaase]]'s work. Schnaase's ''''Niederländische Briefe'''' established the theoretical foundations for art history as an autonomous discipline, and his ''[[Geschichte der bildenden Künste]]'', one of the first historical surveys of the history of art from antiquity to the Renaissance, facilitated the teaching of art history in German-speaking universities. Schnaase's survey was published contemporaneously with a similar work by [[Franz Theodor Kugler]]. | + | == Literary works == |
| + | * ''Skizzenbuch'', Berlin 1830 | ||
| + | * ''Museum, Blätter für bildende Kunst'' (Zeitschrift) | ||
| + | * ''Handbuch der Geschichte der Malerei'', 2 Vols., 1837 | ||
| + | * ''Geschichte Friedrichs des Großen'', Leipzig 1840 | ||
| + | * ''Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte'', 2 Vols., [[Stuttgart]], 1841 & 1842 | ||
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Franz Theodor Kugler (19 January 1808, Stettin - 18 March 1858, Berlin) was a cultural administrator for the Prussian state and art historian. He studied at the University of Berlin and in 1837 he published his Handbuch der Geschichte der Malerei of his Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte.
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Literary works
- Skizzenbuch, Berlin 1830
- Museum, Blätter für bildende Kunst (Zeitschrift)
- Handbuch der Geschichte der Malerei, 2 Vols., 1837
- Geschichte Friedrichs des Großen, Leipzig 1840
- Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte, 2 Vols., Stuttgart, 1841 & 1842
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