Forced settlements in the Soviet Union
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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Forced settlements in the Soviet Union took several forms. Though the most notorious was the Gulag labor camp system of penal labor, resettling of entire categories of population was another method of political repression implemented by the Soviet Union. At the same time, involuntary settlement played a role in the colonization of remote areas of the Soviet Union. This role was specifically mentioned in the first Soviet decrees about involuntary labor camps.
Population transfer in the Soviet Union that led to the creation of these settlements was performed in a series of operations organized according to social and national criteria of the deported.
Compared to the Gulag camps, the involuntary settlements had the appearance of "normal" settlements: people lived in families, and there was more freedom of movement; however, that was only permitted within a specified area. All settlers were overseen by the NKVD (под надзором НКВД): once a month a person had to visit a local law enforcement office at a selsoviet in rural areas or at a militsiya department in urban settlements.
See also
- Deportation of Romanians in the Soviet Union
- Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–50)
- Gulag: Colonization
- Penal transportation
- ZATO
- 101st kilometre
- Population transfer in the Soviet Union
- The Black Book of Communism
- Human rights in the Soviet Union
