February 2
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== Art and culture == | == Art and culture == | ||
- | * [[962]] - ''[[Translatio imperii]]'': [[Pope John XII]] crowns [[Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor]], the first [[Holy Roman Emperor]] in nearly 40 years. | ||
- | *[[1032]] - [[Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor]] becomes King of [[Burgundy]]. | ||
- | *[[1509]] - [[Battle of Diu (1509)|Battle of Diu]] takes place near [[Diu]], [[India]], between [[Portugal]] and [[Turkey]]. | ||
- | *[[1536]] - [[Spain|Spaniard]] [[Pedro de Mendoza]] founds [[Buenos Aires]], [[Argentina]]. | ||
- | *[[1542]] - [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] under [[Christovão da Gama]] capture a [[Moslem]]-occupied hillfort in northern [[Ethiopia]] in the [[Battle of Baçente]]. | ||
- | *[[1653]] - [[New Amsterdam]] (later renamed [[New York City]]) is incorporated. | ||
*[[1709]] - [[Alexander Selkirk]] is rescued from shipwreck on a desert island, inspiring the book ''[[Robinson Crusoe]]'' by [[Daniel Defoe]]. | *[[1709]] - [[Alexander Selkirk]] is rescued from shipwreck on a desert island, inspiring the book ''[[Robinson Crusoe]]'' by [[Daniel Defoe]]. | ||
- | *[[1787]] - [[Arthur St. Clair]] is elected the 9th President of the United States in Congress Assembled in the midst of [[Shays' Rebellion]]. | ||
- | *[[1790]] - The [[U.S. Supreme Court]] convenes for the first time after an unsuccessful attempt on [[February 1]]. | ||
- | *[[1812]] - [[Russia]] establishes a fur trading colony at [[Fort Ross]], along the [[California]] coast. | ||
- | *[[1848]] - [[Mexican-American War]]: The [[Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo]] is signed ending the war. | ||
- | * 1848 - [[California Gold Rush]]: The first ship with [[Han Chinese|Chinese]] emigrants seeking fortune in [[California]]'s gold country arrive in [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]]. | ||
- | *[[1876]] - The [[National League|National League of Professional Baseball Clubs]] of [[Major League Baseball]] is formed. | ||
- | *[[1878]] - [[Greece]] declares war on [[Turkey]]. | ||
- | *[[1880]] - The first electric [[streetlight]] is installed in [[Wabash, Indiana]]. | ||
- | *[[1882]] - The [[Knights of Columbus]] are formed in [[New Haven, Connecticut]]. | ||
- | *[[1887]] - In [[Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania]] the first [[Groundhog Day]] is observed. | ||
- | *[[1899]] - The [[Australia]]n Premiers' Conference held in [[Melbourne]] decides to locate [[Australia]]'s capital ([[Canberra]]) between [[Sydney]] and [[Melbourne]]. | ||
- | *[[1901]] - The Funeral of [[Queen Victoria]]. | ||
- | *[[1920]] - [[Treaty of Tartu (Russian–Estonian)|Tartu Peace Treaty]] signed between [[Estonia]] and [[Russia]]. | ||
- | * 1920 - [[France]] occupies [[Memel]]. | ||
*[[1922]] - ''[[Ulysses (novel)|Ulysses]]'' by [[James Joyce]] published in Paris | *[[1922]] - ''[[Ulysses (novel)|Ulysses]]'' by [[James Joyce]] published in Paris | ||
*[[1925]] - [[1925 serum run to Nome|Serum run to Nome]]: [[Dog sled]]s reach [[Nome, Alaska]] with [[diphtheria]] serum, inspiring the [[Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race|Iditarod]] race. | *[[1925]] - [[1925 serum run to Nome|Serum run to Nome]]: [[Dog sled]]s reach [[Nome, Alaska]] with [[diphtheria]] serum, inspiring the [[Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race|Iditarod]] race. | ||
- | *[[1933]] - [[Adolf Hitler]] dissolves the [[Germany|German]] [[Parliament]]. | ||
- | *[[1935]] - The [[polygraph machine]] is tested for the first time. [[Leonard Keeler]] conducts the experiment in [[Portage, Wisconsin]]. | ||
- | *[[1940]] - [[Frank Sinatra]] debuts with the [[Tommy Dorsey]] orchestra. | ||
- | *[[1943]] - [[World War II]]: The last [[Germany|German]] forces surrender to the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]]s after the [[Battle of Stalingrad]]. | ||
- | *[[1945]] - World War II: [[President of the United States|President]] [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] and [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|British Prime Minister]] [[Winston Churchill]] leave to meet with [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] leader [[Joseph Stalin]] at the [[Yalta Conference]]. | ||
- | *[[1952]] - A [[tropical storm]] forms north of [[Cuba]] and moves northeast making landfall in [[Florida]]. It is the earliest reported formation of a tropical storm on record in the [[Atlantic basin]]. | ||
- | *[[1957]] - President [[Iskander Mirza]] of [[Pakistan]] lays the foundation-stone of the [[Guddu Barrage]] across river [[river Indus|Indus]] near [[Sukkur]]. | ||
- | *[[1966]] - [[Pakistan]] suggests a six-point agenda with [[Kashmir]] dispute as number one item for the proposed Indo-Pak ministerial talks after [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965|1965 war]]. | ||
- | *[[1967]] - The [[American Basketball Association (1967-1976)|American Basketball Association]] is formed. | ||
- | *[[1971]] - After a coup in [[Uganda]], [[Idi Amin]] replaces [[President]] [[Milton Obote]] as leader. | ||
- | *[[1972]] - The [[United Kingdom|British]] [[embassy]] in [[Dublin]] is destroyed in protest over [[Bloody Sunday (1972)|Bloody Sunday]]. | ||
- | *[[1974]] - The [[F-16 Fighting Falcon]] flies for the first time. | ||
- | *[[1976]] - [[Groundhog Day gale of 1976]] hits the north-eastern [[United States]] and south-eastern [[Canada]]. | ||
- | *[[1980]] - [[Abscam]]: Reports surface that [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] personnel were targeting members of the [[Congress of the United States|U.S. Congress]] in a [[sting operation]]. | ||
- | * 1980 - Founding congress of the [[Revolutionary Communist Party of Turkey]]. | ||
- | *[[1982]] - [[Hama Massacre]]: The government of [[Syria]] attacks the town of [[Hama]] and kills thousands of people. | ||
- | *[[1989]] - [[Soviet war in Afghanistan]]: The last [[Soviet Union]] armored column leaves [[Kabul]], ending nine years of military occupation. | ||
- | * 1989 - Satellite television service [[Sky Television plc]] launched in the Europe. | ||
- | *[[1990]] - [[Apartheid]]: In [[South Africa]] [[President of South Africa|President]] [[F.W. de Klerk]] allows the [[African National Congress]] to legally function again and promises to set [[Nelson Mandela]] free. | ||
- | *[[1998]] - A [[Cebu Pacific Air]] [[McDonnell Douglas DC-9|DC-9]]-32 crashes into a mountain near [[Cagayan de Oro]], [[Philippines]], killing 104. | ||
- | *[[2002]] - Wedding of Crown Prince [[Willem-Alexander]] of the Netherlands to the Argentinean born [[Máxima Zorreguieta]] in Amsterdam. | ||
- | * 2002 - Foundation of [[Eurodoc|Eurodoc, the European Council for Doctoral Candidates and Junior Researchers]], in [[Girona]] (Spain). | ||
- | *[[2006]] - An aging [[Egypt]]ian passenger ferry carrying more than 1,400 people sinks in the [[Red Sea]] off the Saudi coast. | ||
==Births== | ==Births== |
Revision as of 21:16, 21 January 2008
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Art and culture
- 1709 - Alexander Selkirk is rescued from shipwreck on a desert island, inspiring the book Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe.
- 1922 - Ulysses by James Joyce published in Paris
- 1925 - Serum run to Nome: Dog sleds reach Nome, Alaska with diphtheria serum, inspiring the Iditarod race.
Births
- 1208 - James I of Aragon (d. 1276)
- 1455 - King John of Denmark (d. 1513)
- 1494 - Bona Sforza, queen of Sigismund I of Poland (d. 1557)
- 1502 - Damião de Góis, Portuguese philosopher (d. 1574)
- 1506 - René de Birague, French cardinal and chancellor (d. 1583)
- 1522 - Lodovico Ferrari, Italian mathematician (d. 1565)
- 1600 - Gabriel Naudé, French librarian and scholar (d. 1653)
- 1613 - Noël Chabanel, French Jesuit missionary (d. 1649)
- 1621 - Johannes Schefferus, Alsatian-born humanist (d. 1679)
- 1649 - Pope Benedict XIII (d. 1730)
- 1650 - Nell Gwynne, English actress and royal mistress (d. 1687)
- 1669 - Louis Marchand, French organist and harpsichordist (d. 1732)
- 1695 - William Borlase, English naturalist (d. 1772)
- 1695 - François de Chevert, French general (d. 1769)
- 1700 - Johann Christoph Gottsched, German writer (d. 1766)
- 1711 - Wenzel Anton von Kaunitz, Austrian diplomat (d. 1794)
- 1714 - Gottfried August Homilius, German composer (d. 1785)
- 1717 - Ernst Gideon Freiherr von Laudon, Austrian field marshal (d. 1790)
- 1754 - Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, French politician (d. 1838)
- 1786 - Jacques Philippe Marie Binet, French mathematician (d. 1856)
- 1802 - Jean Baptiste Boussingault, French chemist (d. 1887)
- 1803 - Albert Sidney Johnston, American Confederate general (d. 1862)
- 1829 - Alfred Brehm, German zoologist (d. 1884)
- 1841 - François-Alphonse Forel, Swiss hydrologist (d. 1912)
- 1842 - Yulian Vasilievich Sokhotski, Russian mathematician (d. 1927)
- 1849 - Pavol Országh Hviezdoslav, Slovak poet (d. 1921)
- 1851 - José Guadalupe Posada, Mexican artist (d. 1913)
- 1861 - Solomon R. Guggenheim, American art collector and philanthropist (d. 1949)
- 1873 - Konstantin von Neurath, German foreign minister 1932-1938 (d. 1956)
- 1875 - Fritz Kreisler, Austrian violinist (d. 1962)
- 1878 - Alfréd Hajós, Hungarian swimmer (d. 1955)
- 1881 - Orval Overall, major league baseball pitcher (d. 1947)
- 1882 - James Joyce, Irish author (d. 1941)
- 1887 - Ernst Hanfstängl, German pianist and politician (d. 1975)
- 1888 - Frederick Lane, Australian swimmer (d. 1969)
- 1889 - Jean de Lattre de Tassigny, French general, posthumous Marshal of France (d. 1952)
- 1890 - Charles Correll, American actor (d. 1972)
- 1893 - Cornelius Lanczos, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1974)
- 1893 - Raoul Riganti, Argentine racing driver (d. 1970)
- 1895 - George Halas, American football player, coach, and league founder (d. 1983)
- 1896 - Kazimierz Kuratowski, Polish mathematician and logician (d. 1980)
- 1897 - Howard Johnson, American hotelier (d. 1972)
- 1897 - Aimé Avignon, France's former oldest living man (d. 2007)
- 1900 - Willie Kamm, MLB third baseman (d. 1988)
- 1901 - Jascha Heifetz, Lithuanian violinist (d. 1987)
- 1902 - Newbold Morris, American politician (d. 1966)
- 1905 - Ayn Rand, Russian-born author and philosopher (d. 1982)
- 1908 - Wes Ferrell, All-Star MLB pitcher (d. 1976)
- 1909 - Frank Albertson, American actor (d. 1964)
- 1912 - Burton Lane, American composer and lyricist (d. 1997)
- 1913 - Poul Reichhardt, Danish actor (d. 1985)
- 1914 - Eric Kierans, Canadian politician and economist (d. 2004)
- 1915 - Abba Eban, Israeli diplomat (d. 2002)
- 1915 - Stan Leonard, Canadian professional golfer (d. 2005)
- 1916 - Xuân Diệu, Vietnamese poet (d. 1985)
- 1918 - Hella S. Haasse, Dutch writer
- 1923 - James Dickey, American poet and author (d. 1997)
- 1923 - Bonita Granville, American actress (d. 1988)
- 1923 - Red Schoendienst, baseball player and manager, and eventually Hall of Famer
- 1923 - Liz Smith, American gossip columnist
- 1924 - Elfi von Dassanowsky, Austrian-American producer and musician
- 1925 - Elaine Stritch, American actress
- 1926 - Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, French politician
- 1927 - Stan Getz, American musician (d. 1991)
- 1928 - Aloyisus Leon Higginbotham, Jr., civil rights activist and author (d. 1998)
- 1931 - Dries van Agt, Dutch politician
- 1931 - Les Dawson, British comedian (d. 1993)
- 1931 - Judith Viorst, American author
- 1932 - Robert Mandan, American actor
- 1933 - Than Shwe, ruler of Myanmar
- 1933 - Tony Jay, English actor (d. 2006)
- 1937 - Don Buford, All-Star MLB outfielder
- 1937 - Remak Ramsay, American actor
- 1937 - Tom Smothers, American musician and comedian
- 1939 - Akbar Adibi, Iranian scientist, father of electronics in Iran (d. 2000)
- 1940 - David Jason, English actor
- 1942 - Graham Nash, American (British-born) rock musician
- 1944 - Karen Foss, American broadcaster
- 1944 - Geoffrey Hughes, British actor
- 1945 - David Friedman, American economist
- 1946 - Alpha Oumar Konaré, ex-president of Mali
- 1947 - Farrah Fawcett, American actress
- 1948 - Al McKay, American guitarist and songwriter (Earth, Wind & Fire)
- 1949 - Brent Spiner, American actor
- 1949 - Ross Valory, American musician (Journey)
- 1949 - Francisco Maturana, Colombian football manager
- 1952 - Genichiro Tenryu, Japanese professional wrestler
- 1954 - Christie Brinkley, American model
- 1954 - Hansi Hinterseer, Austrian singer, actor, former skier
- 1954 - John Tudor, MLB pitcher
- 1958 - Michel Marc Bouchard, Quebec playwright
- 1960 - Jari Porttila, Finnish sports journalist
- 1961 - Lauren Lane, American actress
- 1961 - Steve Penney, National Hockey League goaltender
- 1962 - Andy Fordham, English darts player
- 1962 - Paul Kilgus, baseball player
- 1963 - Eva Cassidy, American singer (d. 1996)
- 1965 - Carl Airey, English footballer
- 1965 - Naoki Sano, Japanese professional wrestler
- 1966 - Andrei Chesnokov, Russian former tennis player
- 1966 - Robert DeLeo, American musician (Stone Temple Pilots)
- 1967 - Arturs Irbe, Latvian hockey player
- 1967 - Laurent Nkunda, Congolese general
- 1968 - Sean Elliott, American basketball player
- 1968 - Scott Erickson, MLB pitcher
- 1969 - Valeri Karpin, Russian footballer
- 1969 - Tim Sherwood, English footballer
- 1970 - Nikolaos Michopoulos, Greek footballer
- 1970 - C. Ernst Harth, Canadian actor
- 1970 - Jennifer Westfeldt, American actress
- 1970 - Roar Strand, Norwegian footballer
- 1972 - Dana International, Israeli singer
- 1972 - Melvin Mora, Venezuelan baseball player
- 1972 - Tego Calderón , nominated reggaeton singer/rapper.
- 1973 - Aleksander Tammert, Estonian discus thrower
- 1975 - Ieroklis Stoltidis, Greek footballer
- 1975 - Vaggelis Koutsoures, Greek footballer
- 1975 - Todd Bertuzzi, Canadian hockey player
- 1975 - Niclas Wallin, Swedish hockey player
- 1976 - James Hickman, British swimmer
- 1976 - Lori Beth Denberg, American actress
- 1977 - Shakira, Colombian singer
- 1977 - Libor Sionko, Czech football player
- 1977 - Heather Martin, American gospel singer
- 1978 - Eden Espinosa, American singer and stage actress
- 1978 - Barry Ferguson, Scotish football player
- 1979 - Fani Halkia, Greek hurdler
- 1979 - Irini Terzoglou, Greek shot putter
- 1980 - Teddy Hart, Canadian professional wrestler
- 1980 - Oleguer Presas, Spanish football player
- 1981 - Jason Kapono, American basketball player
- 1982 - Han Ga In, South Korean model/actress
- 1982 - Sergio Castaño, Spanish footballer
- 1982 - Kelly Mazzante, American basketball player
- 1983 - Carolina Klüft, Swedish athlete
- 1983 - Will South, Thirteen Senses frontman
- 1983 - Jordin Tootoo, Canadian hockey player
- 1987 - Gerard Piqué, Spanish football player
- 1987 - Martin Spanjers, American actor
- 1992 - Danielle White, American singer
Deaths
- 672 - Saint Chad
- 1124 - Bořivoj II of Bohemia
- 1218 - Konstantin of Rostov, Prince of Novgorod (b. 1186)
- 1250 - Eric XI of Sweden (b. 1216)
- 1461 - Owen Tudor, Welsh founder of the Tudor dynasty of England
- 1529 - Baldassare Castiglione, Italian writer (b. 1478)
- 1580 - Bessho Nagaharu, Japanese retainer (b. 1558)
- 1594 - Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Italian composer (b. 1525)
- 1648 - George Abbot, English writer
- 1660 - Govert Flinck, Dutch painter (b. 1615)
- 1660 - Gaston, Duke of Orléans, French politician (b. 1608)
- 1661 - Lucas Holstenius, German humanist (b. 1596)
- 1688 - Abraham Duquesne, French naval officer (b. 1610)
- 1704 - Guillaume François Antoine, Marquis de l'Hôpital, French mathematician (b. 1661)
- 1712 - Martin Lister, English naturalist and physician
- 1714 - John Sharp, English Archbishop of York (b. 1643)
- 1768 - Robert Smith, English mathematician (b. 1689)
- 1769 - Pope Clement XIII (b. 1693)
- 1802 - Welbore Ellis, 1st Baron Mendip, British statesman (b. 1713)
- 1804 - George Walton, Signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1749-50)
- 1895 - Archduke Albert, Austrian general (b. 1817)
- 1904 - William C. Whitney, American financier (b. 1841)
- 1907 - Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist (b. 1834)
- 1918 - John L. Sullivan, American heavyweight boxer (b. 1858)
- 1922 - William Desmond Taylor, Irish film director (b. 1872)
- 1925 - Jaap Eden, Dutch skater and cyclist (b. 1873)
- 1926 - Vladimir Sukhomlinov, Russian general (b. 1848)
- 1932 - Agha Petros, Assyrian nationalist leader
- 1942 - Daniil Kharms, Russian playwright (b. 1905)
- 1945 - Carl Friedrich Goerdeler, German politician (b. 1884)
- 1948 - Bevil Rudd, South African athlete (b. 1894)
- 1948 - Thomas W. Lamont, American banker; father or Corliss Lamont; great-grandfather of Ned Lamont (b. 1870)
- 1950 - Constantin Carathéodory, Greek mathematician (b. 1873)
- 1956 - Charles Grapewin, American actor (b. 1869)
- 1956 - Pyotr Konchalovsky, Russian painter (b. 1876)
- 1957 - Grigory Landsberg, Russian physicist (b. 1890)
- 1969 - Boris Karloff, English actor (b. 1887)
- 1970 - Lawrence Gray, American actor (b.1898)
- 1970 - Bertrand Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, English mathematician, writer and philosopher, Nobel laureate (b. 1872)
- 1973 - Hendrik Elias, Belgian politician (b. 1902)
- 1979 - Sid Vicious, English musician (Sex Pistols) (b. 1957)
- 1980 - William Howard Stein, Nobel laureate (b. 1911)
- 1982 - Paul Desruisseaux, French Canadian lawyer, businessman and politician (b 1905)
- 1987 - Castilho, Brazilian footballer (b. 1927)
- 1987 - Alistair MacLean, Scottish novelist (b. 1922)
- 1988 - Marcel Bozzuffi, French film actor (b. 1929)
- 1989 - Ondrej Nepela, Slovak figure skater (b. 1951)
- 1990 - Joe Erskine, Welsh boxer (b. 1934)
- 1992 - Bert Parks, American television host (b. 1914)
- 1995 - Fred Perry, British former tennis player (b. 1909)
- 1995 - Donald Pleasence, English actor (b. 1919)
- 1996 - Gene Kelly, American dancer, actor, and director (b. 1912)
- 1997 - Erich Eliskases, Austrian chess player (b. 1913)
- 1997 - Sanford Meisner, American actor (b. 1904)
- 1999 - David McComb, Australian musician (The Triffids) (b. 1962)
- 2002 - Paul Baloff, American singer (Exodus) (b. 1960)
- 2002 - Claude Brown, American writer (b. 1937)
- 2003 - Lou Harrison, American composer (b. 1917)
- 2004 - Bernard McEveety, American film director (b. 1924)
- 2005 - Max Schmeling, German boxer (b. 1905)
- 2007 - Vijay Arora, Indian film and television actor (b. 1944)
- 2007 - Billy Henderson, American singer (The Spinners) (b. 1939)
- 2007 - Joe Hunter, American pianist and bandleader of The Funk Brothers (b. 1927)
- 2007 - Filippo Raciti, Italian police officer (b. 1967)
- 2007 - Masao Takemoto, Japanese gymnast (b. 1919)
- 2007 - Eric von Schmidt, American folk/blues singer-songwriter (b. 1931)
notes
Restif de la Bretonne
Cabaret Voltaire (Zürich)
Ulysses (novel)
Sid Vicious
Papin sisters
Havelock Ellis
Boris Karloff
Les XX
Gabriel Naudé
Maurice Tourneur
Jens Jørgen Thorsen
Harold Rosenberg
François Reichenbach
Antti Aarne
Martin Schongauer
Baldassare Castiglione
James Dickey
Anthony Cox
Solomon R. Guggenheim
To Have Done With the Judgment of god
James Joyce
José Guadalupe Posada
James Blood Ulmer
Bertrand Russell
Natalie Clifford Barney
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