FP Top 100 Global Thinkers
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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The FP Top 100 Global Thinkers list is conducted by Foreign Policy magazine on the basis of responding readers' ballot (and requires registration to view their recent lists). First two lists was conducted in November 2005 and June 2008 by Prospect Magazine (UK) and Foreign Policy (US) jointly. The objective was to determine the 100 most important public intellectuals who are still alive and active in public life.
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The 2005 list
The following appeared on the original 2005 list.
- Noam Chomsky
- Umberto Eco
- Richard Dawkins
- Václav Havel
- Christopher Hitchens
- Paul Krugman
- Jürgen Habermas
- Amartya Sen
- Jared Diamond
- Salman Rushdie
- Naomi Klein
- Shirin Ebadi
- Hernando de Soto
- Bjørn Lomborg
- Abdolkarim Soroush
- Thomas Friedman
- Pope Benedict XVI
- Eric Hobsbawm
- Paul Wolfowitz
- Camille Paglia
- Francis Fukuyama
- Jean Baudrillard
- Slavoj Žižek
- Daniel Dennett
- Freeman Dyson
- Steven Pinker
- Jeffrey Sachs
- Samuel Huntington
- Mario Vargas Llosa
- Ali al-Sistani
- Edward O. Wilson
- Richard Posner
- Peter Singer
- Bernard Lewis
- Fareed Zakaria
- Gary Becker
- Michael Ignatieff
- Chinua Achebe
- Anthony Giddens
- Lawrence Lessig
- Richard Rorty
- Jagdish Bhagwati
- Fernando Henrique Cardoso
- JM Coetzee
- Niall Ferguson
- Ayaan Hirsi Ali
- Steven Weinberg
- Julia Kristeva
- Germaine Greer
- Antonio Negri
- Rem Koolhaas
- Timothy Garton Ash
- Martha Nussbaum
- Orhan Pamuk
- Clifford Geertz
- Yusuf al-Qaradawi
- Henry Louis Gates Jr.
- Tariq Ramadan
- Amos Oz
- Larry Summers
- Hans Küng
- Robert Kagan
- Paul Kennedy
- Daniel Kahneman
- Sari Nusseibeh
- Wole Soyinka
- Kemal Derviş
- Michael Walzer
- Gao Xingjian
- Howard Gardner
- James Lovelock
- Robert Hughes
- Ali Mazrui
- Craig Venter
- Martin Rees
- James Q. Wilson
- Robert Putnam
- Peter Sloterdijk
- Sergei Karaganov
- Sunita Narain
- Alain Finkielkraut
- Fan Gang
- Florence Wambugu
- Gilles Kepel
- Enrique Krauze
- Ha Jin
- Neil Gershenfeld
- Paul Ekman
- Jaron Lanier
- Gordon Conway
- Pavol Demes
- Elaine Scarry
- Robert Cooper
- Harold Varmus
- Pramoedya Ananta Toer
- Zheng Bijian
- Kenichi Ohmae
- Wang Jisi
- Kishore Mahbubani
- Shintaro Ishihara
Demographics
According to location of birth, roughly 40% came from the United States and Canada, 25% from Europe, and 22% from the Middle and Far East. The other locations received less than 5%—Latin America with 4 and Africa and Australia with 3. Only 8% are women.
Criticisms
As happens with many free Internet polls, this one may have been affected by organized voting campaigns and biases introduced by the nationality and language of the organizer. Almost all of the African votes were cast in Nigeria.
The 2008 list
The following appeared on the 2008 list.
- Fethullah Gülen
- Muhammad Yunus
- Yusuf al-Qaradawi
- Orhan Pamuk
- Aitzaz Ahsan
- Amr Khaled
- Abdolkarim Soroush
- Tariq Ramadan
- Mahmood Mamdani
- Shirin Ebadi
- Noam Chomsky
- Al Gore
- Bernard Lewis
- Umberto Eco
- Ayaan Hirsi Ali
- Amartya Sen
- Fareed Zakaria
- Garry Kasparov
- Richard Dawkins
- Mario Vargas Llosa
- Lee Smolin
- Jürgen Habermas
- Salman Rushdie
- Sari Nusseibeh
- Slavoj Žižek
- Václav Havel
- Christopher Hitchens
- Samuel Huntington
- Peter Singer
- Paul Krugman
- Jared Diamond
- Pope Benedict XVI
- Fan Gang
- Michael Ignatieff
- Fernando Henrique Cardoso
- Lilia Shevtsova
- Charles Taylor
- Martin Wolf
- E.O. Wilson
- Thomas Friedman
- Bjørn Lomborg
- Daniel Dennett
- Francis Fukuyama
- Ramachandra Guha
- Tony Judt
- Steven Levitt
- Nouriel Roubini
- Jeffrey Sachs
- Wang Hui
- V.S. Ramachandran
- Drew Gilpin Faust
- Lawrence Lessig
- J.M. Coetzee
- Fernando Savater
- Wole Soyinka
- Yan Xuetong
- Steven Pinker
- Alma Guillermoprieto
- Sunita Narain
- Anies Baswedan
- Michael Walzer
- Niall Ferguson
- George Ayittey
- Ashis Nandy
- David Petraeus
- Olivier Roy
- Lawrence Summers
- Martha Nussbaum
- Robert Kagan
- James Lovelock
- J. Craig Venter
- Amos Oz
- Samantha Power
- Lee Kuan Yew
- Hu Shuli
- Kwame Anthony Appiah
- Malcolm Gladwell
- Alexander de Waal
- Gianni Riotta
- Daniel Barenboim
- Therese Delpech
- William Easterly
- Minxin Pei
- Richard Posner
- Ivan Krastev
- Enrique Krauze
- Anne Applebaum
- Rem Koolhaas
- Jacques Attali
- Paul Collier
- Esther Duflo
- Michael Spence
- Robert Putnam
- Harold Varmus
- Howard Gardner
- Daniel Kahneman
- Yegor Gaidar
- Neil Gershenfeld
- Alain Finkielkraut
- Ian Buruma
Criticism
Prospect itself placed an editorial explaining its surprise that the top 10 in the 2008 list were from Muslim background, and noted the sudden surge in votes in their favor after Zaman internationally published an article notifying the Gulen community of the ongoing poll.