List of former European colonies
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
"Japan, Korea, Thailand, and Liberia are usually considered the only countries never to be colonized by Europe, though Liberia was effectively a U.S. colony."--International Studies: Global Forces, Interactions, and Tensions (2018) by Scott Straus, Barry Driscoll |
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This is a list of former European colonies.
Contents |
North America
France
- Canada (most of eastern and central Canada)
- United States (entire basin of the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, Great Lakes)
- Haiti
Britain
- American territories east of the Mississippi (in modern USA)
- Thirteen colonies
- roughly the area of Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
- Alabama, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Mississippi, Ohio, Tennessee, Wisconsin
- Louisiana and Minnesota east of the Mississippi River
- Thirteen colonies
- Belize
- Canada
- Mosquito Coast
- Oregon Country
Netherlands
- New Netherlands (Nieuw-Amsterdam / New York)
- Acadia
Portugal
Russia
- Alaska
- Canadian and U.S. Pacific coasts down to Fort Ross, California
Spain
- Costa Rica
- El Salvador
- East Florida and West Florida
- Guatemala
- Honduras
- Mexico
- Nicaragua
- Nootka (Vancouver Island, Canada)
- Oregon Country
- Southwestern United States - Arizona, California, Colorado, Louisiana, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Utah
Sweden
- New Sweden (Nya Sverige)
Caribbean
Brandenburg
Britain
Courland
Denmark
France
- Anguilla
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Dominica
- Dominican Republic
- Grenada
- Montserrat
- Nevis
- Saint Christophe (St Kitts)
- Saint Croix
- Saint-Dominique (Haiti)
- Sainte-Lucia (St Lucia)
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Sint Eustatius
- Tobago
Knights of Malta
- Saint-Barthélemy
- Saint Christopher (St Kitts)
- Saint Croix
- Tortuga (off coast of Haiti)
Netherlands
Portugal
Spain
- Bahamas
- Cuba
- Island of Hispanola (Dominican Republic and Haiti)
- Jamaica
- Puerto Rico
- Trinidad
Sweden
South America
Britain
France
- Brazil (Rio de Janeiro briefly, and São Luís briefly)
(see France Antarctique and France Équinoxiale)
Netherlands
- Berbice (Guyana)
- Demerara
- Dutch Guiana (Suriname)
- Essequibo
- New Holland (Brazil - Half the capitanas)
Spain
- Argentina
- Bolivia
- Chile
- Colombia
- Ecuador
- Islas Malvinas (Falkland Islands)
- Paraguay
- Panama (formerly a part of Colombia)
- Peru
- Uruguay
- Venezuela
Portugal
Africa
Belgium
Brandenburg
- Arguin (in Mauritania)
- Brandenburger Gold Coast (coastal settlements in Ghana)
Britain
- Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Sudan)
- Basutoland (Lesotho)
- Bechuanaland (Botswana)
- British East Africa (Kenya)
- British Somaliland (northern Somalia)
- British Togoland (eastern Ghana)
- Cameroons (split between Nigeria and Cameroon)
- Egypt
- Gambia
- Gold Coast (Ghana)
- Nigeria
- Northern Rhodesia (Zambia)
- Nyasaland (Malawi)
- Sierra Leone
- South Africa
- South-West Africa (Namibia)
- Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)
- Swaziland
- Tanganyika (mainland Tanzania)
- Uganda
- Zanzibar (insular Tanzania)
Courland
- St. Andrews Island (in Gambia)
Denmark
- Danish Gold Coast (coastal settlements in Ghana)
France
- Albreda (in Gambia)
- Algeria
- Cameroon (91% of Cameroon)
- Chad
- Dahomey (Benin)
- French Congo (Republic of Congo)
- French Guinea (Guinea)
- French Upper Volta (Republic of Upper Volta, Burkina Faso)
- French Somaliland (Djibouti)
- French Sudan (Mali)
- French Togoland (Togo)
- Gabon
- Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire)
- Mauritania
- Morocco (89% of Morocco)
- Niger
- Oubangui-Chari (Central African Republic)
- Senegal
- Tunisia
- Zanzibar (Tanzania)
Germany
- German East Africa (Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania)
- German South West Africa (Namibia)
- Kamerun (split between Cameroon and Nigeria)
- Togoland (split between Togo and Ghana)
- Wituland
Italy
Netherlands
- Angola (Luanda, Sonyo and Cabinda)
- Arguin Island (in Mauritania)
- Dutch Gold Coast (settlements along coast of Ghana, including El Mina)
- Goree (in Senegal)
- Moçambique (Delagoa Bay)
- Sao Tomé
- South Africa. The Dutch Cape Colony (Kaapstad / Cape Town)
Portugal
- Ajuda (Whydah, in Benin)
- Angola
- Annobon
- Cabinda
- Ceuta
- Goree (in Senegal)
- Malindi
- Mombasa
- Morocco enclaves
- Mozambique
- Portuguese Gold Coast (settlements along coast of Ghana)
- Portuguese Guinea (Guinea-Bissau)
- Quíloa
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- Tangier
- Zanzibar
- Ziguinchor
Spain
- Bona
- Bougie
- Jerba
- Fernando Po and Annobon (insular Equatorial Guinea)
- Oran
- Port Guinea
- Rio Muni (mainland Equatorial Guinea)
- Spanish Morocco
- Spanish Sahara
Sweden
- Swedish Gold Coast (coastal settlements in Ghana)
Indian Ocean
France
Netherlands
Portugal
Middle East
France
- Hatay (Sanjak of Alexandretta, now called Hatay province)
- Lebanon
- Syria
- Yemen (Cheik-Saïd peninsula)
Netherlands
- Jemen, Al Mukha (Mocca)
- Mesopotamia (Iraq, Al Basrah)
Britain
Portugal
Indian Subcontinent
Austria
Britain
Denmark
France
- India
- Pondicherry, Karikal, Yanaon, Mahé, and Chandernagore
Netherlands
- Bengalen (Bangladesh)
- Burma (Myanmar) (Mrohaung (Arakan), Siriangh, Syriam, Ava, Martaban)
- Ceylon
- India (Suratte, Malabar, Coromandel)
Portugal
- Bombay
- Calicut
- Cambay
- Cannanore
- Ceylon (Cilão)
- Chaul
- Chittagong
- Cochin
- Dadra and Nagar Haveli
- Daman and Diu
- Goa
- Hughli
- Masulipatnam
- Mangalore
- Surat
- Syriam
Asia-Pacific
Britain
- Australia
- Brunei
- New Zealand
- Malaysia
- Singapore
- Western Samoa
- Philippines
- Phoenix Islands (part of Kiribati)
- Solomon Islands
- Hong Kong
Belgium
France
- Indochina
- New Hebrides (Vanuatu, condominium with Britain)
Germany
- Bismarck Archipelago
- Caroline Islands (Karolinen)
- German Samoa
- Jiaozhou Bay (Kiautschou)
- Kaiser-Wilhelmsland
- Marshall Islands
- Nauru
- North Solomon Islands
- Northern Marianas Islands (Marianen)
- Palau
Netherlands
Portugal
Spain
- Philippines
- Spanish East Indies
- Marianas Islands (Ladrones)
- Guam
- Northern Marianas Islands
- Marshall Islands
- Micronesia
Europe
Austria
Britain
- Corsica (the Anglo-Corsican Kingdom was a protectorate or in personal union with Britain)
- Cyprus
- Heligoland
- Ionian islands
- Ireland (first as the Lordship of Ireland, later not a colony but an integral part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland)
- Malta
- Minorca
Denmark
Greece
Italy Template:See also
Norway Template:See also
Russia
Spain
Sweden
See also
- Austrian colonial policy
- Belgian colonial empire
- British colonial empire
- Danish colonial empire
- Dutch colonial empire
- French colonial empire
- German colonial empire
- Italian colonial empire
- Portuguese colonial empire
- Evolution of the Portuguese Empire
- Spanish colonial empire
- Swedish colonial empire